Effect of Fertilizer and Drying Methods on Seed Germination of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) Cultivars at Different Harvesting Times (original) (raw)
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International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies (IJIRSS), 2020
To investigate the methods of dormancy breaking in okra seeds; a study was conducted in the winter season of 2019 under laboratory conditions in Samangan Higher Education Institute. The experiment was carried out based on a completely randomized design within 10 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments included gibberellic acid at 4 levels (100, 500, 700, and 1000 ppm), hot water (70°C), hydrochloric acid (75%) at three levels (5, 10, and 15 minutes), 7-day chilling at 3°C and control treatment (distilled water). The results showed that the highest percentage (100%) with a germination rate of 86 seeds were available due to the application of 7-day cold treatment. Moreover, the treatments such as 7-day chilling, gibberellic acid 500 ppm, and hydrochloric acid 10 and 15 minutes had significant effects on the fresh and dry weight of roots and shoots as well as on their length. we observed that the 7-day cooling at 3°C is the best and most appropriate solution to break down the seed dormancy and stimulate seed germination of the above-mentioned crop.
Germination and hardseedness of seeds in okra elite lines
Horticultura Brasileira, 2010
The occurrence of hardseedness and the low percentage of seed germination are major challenges when growing okra. For this reason, five elite lines of okra developed at the Campinas Agronomic Institute (IAC), three with angular pods (lines 8.1, 20.1.2 and 47.1) and two with cylindrical pods (lines 13.1.2 and 20.1.R), were evaluated for seed quality and compared to two commercial seed samples (Horticeres Sementes and Sakata Seed Sudamerica) of cultivar Santa Cruz 47. Seeds were field produced in an experiment set in the Technological Park of the Horticulture Center of IAC, in Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil, in a randomized block design, with three replications and 20-plant plots. Fruits were harvested 25, 35, 45, 55, 65 and 75 days after anthesis (DAA). Seeds were extracted straight away and subjected to the standard germination test in the laboratory. Observing the results, we concluded that, as far as seed quality is concerned, angular pods must be harvested earlier than cylindrical pods, more precisely 45 DAA to the line 47.1 and 45 to 55 DAA for lines 8.1 and 20.1.2. Seeds extracted from angular fruits harvested after these periods had reduced germination and increased hardseedness. Seeds from cylindrical capsules had the same behavior of the commercial seeds of cultivar Santa Cruz 47, showing better germination when extracted from pods harvested between 55 and 75 DAA, and no hardseedness.
2015
Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) is one of the horticultural crops commonly grown in Zimbabwe but the productivity of the crop is hampered by poor erratic seed germination due to dormancy. A study was carried out at Bindura University of Science Education to determine the best method and treatment combination of breaking okra seed dormancy. Viability tests and germination tests were conducted first to ascertain that failure of germination was due to dormancy. The study consisted of 3 laboratory experiments arranged as factorial treatment structure laid in a completely randomised design with 3 replications. The 3 experiments consisted of 3 methods of breaking seed dormancy (water soaking, acid scarification and dry heating). Each of the different methods was employed at different exposure duration and at different temperature/concentration levels. Germination was measured for 14 days to determine the total final percentage seed germination. Acid scarified seeds for 3 min at 80% H2SO4 concentration level had the best germination percentage of 96.6% followed by dry heating for 5 minutes at 70°C and soaking for 12 h at 30°C which had 92.2 and 91.3% germination respectively. However, H2SO4 scarification for 5 min at 60% concentration gave the least germination of 44% followed by soaking for 48 h at 30°C and dry heating for 5 min at 80°C which all resulted in 50% germination. Based on the research findings, 80% H2SO4 for 3 min can be used by okra farmers to break dormancy while dry heating for 5 min at 70°C and soaking for 12 h at 30°C are equally good alternatives.
Research Article, 2023
Okra exhibits an impermeable coat making it difficult for water penetration; hence this study was carried out in two separate experiments to evaluate the effects of different pre-sowing seed treatments and soaking durations on physiological potential seed germination of okra. Pre-sowing treatments: Water (control), 100 ppm GA3, 100 ppm carrageenan (Vital Gro), and 100 ppm fermented plant juice (FPJ); Experiment 2 on soaking durations: (no soaking, 18 h, 24 h). Soaking okra seeds for 18 h and 24 h showed comparable mean germination rate and mean germination time. However, 24 h seed soaking showed better coefficient velocity of germination (CVG) and germination index (GI), thus resulting to early germination. In terms of pre-sowing treatment, 100 ppm Carrageenan showed significant results on germination percentage, CVG, GI and vigor index. Whereas, using 100 ppm FPJ derived from banana stem as soaking solution was detrimental to okra seed germination.
Okra hardseedness results in slow and uneven germination. This study determined the effects of fertilizer application and drying methods on hardseedness breakdown of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) cultivars (cv. Boyiatiou', 'Veloudo', 'Clemson' and 'Pylias'). Three fertilizer level (150, 300 and 450 mg L -1 N) and two different drying methods (seeds and pods) were applied. The results showed that by increasing N application from 150 to 450 mg L -1 N increased seed germination regardless of drying method, whereas the application of 450 mg L -1 N resulted in the higher seed germination percentage, regardless of cultivar and drying method. In addition, harvesting seeds at 40 days after flowering (DAF) resulted in an increase of germination rate, especially when 450 mg L -1 N were applied. Seed germination of seeds harvested at 40 to 50 days after flowering (DAF) was reduced, especially when seed drying instead of pod drying was applied. However, for cv. 'Boyiatiou' the application of 150 mg L -1 N resulted in higher percentage of hard seeds and lower seed germination rate, whereas pod drying reduced the occurrence of hardseedness. For all cultivars, seeds from the middle part of the plant had a higher seed germination percentage at 450 mg L -1 N level, regardless of drying methods. In conclusion, increasing the N application rate up to 450 mg L -1 , harvesting seeds at 40 DAF and collecting seeds from the middle part of the plant could be a useful means for reducing the occurrence of hardseedness and increasing germination percentage of okra seeds.
Tropical Agricultural Research, 2020
Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) is a popular vegetable grown in most parts of Sri Lanka. Farmers and home gardeners purchase seeds in packed-form from retail outlets. However, quality problems are frequently reported, especially claiming low field germination even with the laboratory-tested and certified seeds. Quality parameters namely, percentage germination , moisture, field emergence and vigour index analysis were used to determine the effect of different storage environmental conditions on seed longevity of two okra varieties during a two-year storage period, from March 2016 to March 2018. Seeds in triple-laminated packets stored in four contrasting environments, namely, low temperature storage conditions (17 °C and 60-65% RH); three geoenvironmental conditions namely; Gannoruwa (Mid Country Wet Zone), Kundasale (Mid Country Intermediate Zone), and MahaIlluppallama (Low Country Dry Zone) displayed varied behavior in seed quality parameters respective of the variety. It was apparent that germination test alone does not represent the full potential of field emergence. Results of the present study revealed that when field emergence and vigour are also taken in to account, both varieties of okra seed (with initial germination and moisture of ca. 94% and ca. 10%) can be stored under ambient conditions at Gannoruwa, Kundasale or MahaIlluppallama for a maximum period of 12 months, without compromising the seed quality. The seeds stored under low temperature conditions (i.e. 17 °C), maintained the seed germination over 75% for a period of 24 months.
Growth Performance of Early Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) Influenced by Seed Priming
International Journal of Enviornment and Climate Change, 2022
Seed priming is a pre sowing seed treatment technique that improves growth performance in the field and hence boost subsequent germination, growth and yield of the crop. This study was conducted at Experimental Farm, Department of Horticulture, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat during February to May, 2019 to determine the effect of seed priming and priming duration on growth performance of early okra. The experiment was conducted following Randomised Block Design with three replications. Seed priming of okra seeds was done by soaking the seeds for 12 or 24 hrs in distilled water, KCl, PEG 6000 and GA 3 .Whereas unprimed dry seeds represented the control. Results indicated that all the characters, such as plant stand per plot, plant height at harvest, branches per plant, days to 50% flowering, days to first fruiting, days to 50 % fruiting showed improved results in seed priming treatment Osmopriming with 5 % PEG-6000 for 24 hrs followed by halopriming with 1% KCl for 12 hrs over unprimed dry seed. The results obtained clearly showed positive correlation of seed priming with plant growth, flowering, fruiting and root morphological traits.
Effects of Scarification and Stratification on Breaking Dormancy of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2018
The laboratory experiments conducted were to study effects of scarification and stratification on breaking dormancy of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.). during kharif season 2017-18. At the seed testing laboratory, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Naini Agricultural Institute SHUATS, Allahabad, (UP). The design applied statistical analysis was carried out with Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with 9 treatments and 4 replication. The study show that seed treatment with, H 2 SO 4 Scarification 3 min. for 80% (T9) recorded higher and followed by Hot water stratification 12hr for 35℃ germination percent, speed of germination, shoot length, root length, seedling fresh and dry weight, vigour index I and II, it was the best treatment. K e y w o r d s Okra, H 2 SO 4 , Hot water, Thermometer
Selected Preharvest Treatments on Subsequent Seed Quality of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L
Journal of Agriculture and Technology Management (JATM) , 2016
Preharvest treatments affect the quality seeds, which has great importance on crop productivity. This study aims to determine the effects of selected preharvest treatment, including the application of muriate of potash, gibberellic acid (GA3) and Paclobutrazol (PBZ) on the quality of okra seed. The experiment was carried out in Randomized Complete Block Design with four treatments replicated three times. Okra flower was sprayed with 100 ppm of GA3 and PBZ at seven days after anthesis and muriate of potash was applied directly to the soil. The weight of pods, length and width of pods, number of seeds, the weight of seeds/pod, polar and equatorial size of seeds, dry matter of seeds and pods, and internal structure of seeds were gathered. Application of GA3, PBZ, and muriate of potash increased the weight of pods, dry matter of seed and dry matter of pods from 2 to 2.83 grams, 0.15 to 0.57 grams and 0.15 to 0.53 grams, respectively. These weights were higher than the control at day 28. Okra had wider pods than the control when applied with Paclobutrazol (mean of 16.27 at day 7 and 17.19 mm at 21 days after anthesis). Application of Paclobutrazol enhanced the equatorial of seeds at 7, 21, and 28 days although it showed a comparable result to the control treatment. Application of muriate of potash increased the number of seeds per pod compared to all other treatments at 21 days (53.67 seeds/pod) and 28 days (58.84 seeds/pod) after anthesis. Thus, the application of GA3, PBZ, and muriate of potash can be beneficial because most of the quality parameters of the okra seeds improved as compared to the control treatment.
Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology
This research was conducted to overcome the problem of slow and erratic emergence in okra and to find out the effects of priming on germination, growth performance and yield in okra at Research Field of Nepal Polytechnic Institute (NPI) Bharatpur-11, Chitwan, Nepal (April-July, 2019). Arka Anamika variety was used for experiment. The experiment was laid out in Randomize Complete Block Design with 5 treatments and 4 replications, i.e. T1 (hormonal priming with IBA), T2 (hydro priming with fresh tap water), T3 (halo priming with NaCl), T4 (chemo priming with liquid urea) and T5 (un-primed seeds). Field experiment results showed that priming proved effective in improving germination percent except the chemo priming, reducing the mean germination time (MGT), improving the growth parameters (plant height, number of branches, plant canopy and number of leaves) and improving yield contributing characters like fruit length, fruit diameter as compared to un-primed seeds. The highest and lowe...