River mouth dynamics of Swarnamukhi estuary, Nellore coast, southeast coast of India (original) (raw)
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CHAPTER 76 GE0M0RPH0L0GICA1 STUDIES OP THE ESTUARY OF RIVER NETRA7ATI NEAR
A number of factors such as wave conditions, tides, river flows, sediment charge, and ocean currents affect the features of an estuary. The understanding of the morphology of an estuary is essential on purely scientific considerations as well as applied to harbours. An attempt is made to study these inter-related and unsteady features and their combined effect on an estuary qualitatively. The estuary selected for the study is the one near Mangalore on the West Coast of India at latitude 12 51' north and longitude 74° 50' east, where two rivers, viz., river Netravati and river Gurpur meet together and join the sea. An effort is made to analyse the changes in the estuary in terms of prevailing wave conditions, river flows and sediment transport.
Seasonal Behaviour of a Shallow Estuary of Lower Cauvery Basin, India
Environmental Research, Engineering and Management, 2012
The effect of bifurcation at the estuary mouth was studied on the measurements of salinity, current and tidal depth in a shallow estuary during spring and neap tides of two different seasons. There was a considerable variation of salinity at the observed stations during the seasons. At the shallowest location of the estuary, salinity, as high as 37 ppt, was observed during the period of zero fresh water discharge. The flushing time of the estuary was higher at its western side compared to the eastern one. The diffusion coefficient was reached by using an advection-diffusion equation. The estuary was classified using a circulation/stratification diagram. Well mixed conditions persisted during pre monsoon and post monsoon in the Muthupet estuary.
Journal of Coastal Research, 2009
HEGDE, V.S.; SHALINI, G.; NAYAK, S.R.; RAJAWAT, A.S.; SURYNARAYANA, A.; JAYKUMAR, S.; KOTI, B.K., and GIRISH, G.K., 2009. Low-scale foreshore morphodynamic processes in the vicinity of a tropical estuary at Honnavar, central west coast of India.
Environmental Earth Sciences
The Kochi Backwater (KB) is the second largest wetland system in India. It is connected to the sea at Fort Kochi and Munambam (Pallipuram) (30 km north of Kochi). As the tide is forced through two openings, its propagation in the backwater system is very complicated, particularly in the northern arm of the estuary. Using synchronous water level (WL) and current measurements in the KB from a network of stations during 2007–2008, it was convenient to demarcate the northern KB into two distinct regions according to the tidal forcing from the north (Pallipuram) and south (Vallarpadam). This demarcation is useful for computing the propagation speeds of the dominant tidal constituents in the northern branch of the KB with dual opening for opposing tides. WL variations indicated that M2 tide (Principal lunar semidiurnal constituent) dominated in the sea level variance, followed by the K1 constituent (Luni-solar declinational diurnal constituent). The M2 tidal influence was the strongest near the mouth and decayed in the upstream direction. The propagation speed of the M2 tide in the southern estuary was ~3.14 m/s. The ratio of the total annual runoff to the estuarine volume is ~42 that indicates the estuary will be flushed 42 times in a year. KB can be classified as a monsoonal estuary where the river discharge exhibits large seasonal variation.
A study was undertaken during May 2017 to monitor the impact of tidal actions on the hydrological parameters of the Hooghly estuary. The water quality reflects the impact of Bay of Bengal (sea) water almost on all the variables as revealed from the significant difference of parameter values in high and low tides (except surface water temperature and K). The 12 selected stations from the upstream to downstream regions exhibited uniformity with respect to surface water temperature. Significant spatial variations (at 5% level of significance) were observed with respect to parameters like surface water salinity, pH, alkalinity, DO, BOD, COD, NO3, PO4, SiO3, extinction coefficient, SO4, Na, K, Cl and total N. Along with tidal influences, the anthropogenic factors contributed by the adjacent cities and towns exert a regulatory influence on parameters like BOD, COD, NO3, PO4, extinction coefficient, SO4 and total N.
2007
STUDY AREA The tidal inlets along Chennai coast could not maintain equilibrium throughout the year because of reduced tidal prism on the estuarine side due to change in characteristics of controlling parameters such as wind, river flow, wave, tidal prism, inlet geometry, sediment supply, etc., as explained in (1998). The 25 km stretch of coastline, from the Ennore in the south up to the Pulicat Lake inlet in the north is a highly threatened coastal ecosystem, due to the several developmental interventions 1999). In the present study morphodynamics of two tidal inlets namely, Ennore Creek and Pulicat Lake, located on the north of Chennai city, Bay of Bengal coast of India (Figure 1) has been studied.
Modeling of tidal circulation and sediment transport near tropical estuary, east coast of India
Regional Studies in Marine Science, 2020
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Studies on Decadal Variability in Dilution and Flushing Characteristics of Cochin Estuary
CERTIFICATE This is to certify that this dissertation entitled "STUDIES ON DECADAL VARIABILITY IN DILUTION AND FLUSHING CHARACTERISTICS OF COCHIN ESTUARY" is a bonafide record of the project based on the work carried out under our supervision by Mr. 2 DECLARATION I, Dharampal M S hereby declare that the dissertation, entitled " STUDIES ON DECADAL VARIABILITY IN DILUTION AND FLUSHING CHARACTERISTICS OF COCHIN ESTUARY " submitted to the Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of degree of Master of Science in Physical Oceanography and Ocean modeling is a record of original project work done by me during
All the physico-chemical parameters such as temperature, turbidity, pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand and nutrients like ammonia, silicate, nitrate, and nitrite were studied in two selected stations (mouth & mangrove area) Thengaithittu estuary, south-east coast of India for a period of three year (January 2009 -December 2011. Atmospheric temperature varied from 26 to 38.5 o C, water temperature 26 o C to 35.5 o C, turbidity ranges from 4 to 13 NTU, pH varied from 6.8 to 8.4, salinity value ranges from 12 to 32.5 ppt, dissolved oxygen 3.3 to 4.7 mg/l, BOD values of 0.2 to 3.8 mg/l. Concentrations of nutrients viz., ammonia ranges from 0.05 to 0.18µmol/l, reactive silicate varied from 25.5 to 99.0µmol/l, nitrate 0.41 to 6.92µmol/l and nitrite value ranges from 0.090 to 0.78 µmol/l were also shows variations independently throughout the study period.
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs12665-011-1128-3, 2012
Qualitative and quantitative evolution of the Swarna estuary, during the past 38 years (1967–2005), has been analysed by integrating the results of field surveys, satellite images, hydrodynamic modelling and topographic data in GIS context. Significant changes in erosion/accretion patterns of the estuarine banks, inlet configuration and adjacent spits, and origin, morphology, orientation and areal extent of fifteen braided islands have been estimated. Hydrodynamics of the region is studied through modelling, and probable flow pattern that is responsible for morphological changes is discussed. The simulated flow patterns indicate that current speeds are of the order of 10–20 cm/s inside the estuary and of the order of 40 cm/s at the mouth. The Right bank (Rb) of the estuary is subject to net erosion and the Left bank (Lb) is subject to net accretion. On an average, 20–30% of the area of all braided islands would be flooded, if the water level rises by 0.7 to 1.0 m. Islands of this estuary are morphologically very dynamic (migrating towards north, northeast and southwest directions) and subject to net accretion, whereas only one island (i.e., the Padu) has lost its major portion of landmass. A conceptual inverse distance weighted (IDW) interpolation model has been generated and evaluated possible flooding on the estuarine shoals and braided islands, due to heavy rainfall and/or sea-level rise. The model reveals that the possibility of flooding will be higher for those islands which are located close to the Rb than those close to the Lb.