Rainfall Variability in Chhattisgarh State Using GIS (original) (raw)
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MAUSAM, 2021
The rainfed areas receive mean annual precipitation in range of 500-1500 mm with high degree of variability and are beset with problems of mid-season drought and associated impacts on the crop productivity. In this paper, analysis of weekly, monthly, annual rainfall and weekly rainfall probabilities in relation to crop productivity has been carried out for all the stations of the study area in West Bengal where rain-fed agriculture is predominant. However, duration of dry spells and its probabilities, climatic derivatives like commencement and cessation of rainy season, length of growing period (LGP) and estimates of water balance parameters have been carried out, in respect of all blocks in the identified three districts in West Bengal. The mean productivity during kharif season indicated that, highest productivity values of 3 to 3.5 t/ha are noticed in the block of central districts of Burdwan, Bankura, Birbhum, Hoogly districts. Perhaps, irrigation facilities in these districts...
Annals of Agricultural Research, 2015
Chhattisgarh state located in central India covers total area of about 13.5 million hectares. The region has a great variety and diversity of weather conditions. Three major agro-climatic zones has been demarcated in the state viz., Chhattisgarh plains zone, Bastar plateau ACZ and Northern hill region. Here an analysis of rainfall for some representative districts has been made and interpretation drawn regarding pre-dominant crop rice cultivation. On observation it has been found that the annual rainfall decreases from east to west. The annual rainfall in the eastern part of the state varies from 1300-1600 mm. This covers Mahasamund, Raipur, Janjgir, Korba, Raigarh, Jashpur and Surguja districts. On examining the CV for the annual rainfall, it has been found to be the least at Bilaspur followed by Jagdalpur, Raipur and Ambikapur. Similarly the dependable rainfall quantity and periods have been calculated. Farm tanks and OFRs can be developed to preserve surplus water to optimiz...
The Pharma Innovation Journal, 2022
The success of agricultural production depends on the volume and distribution of rainfall. For arranging agricultural operations, weekly, monthly, and seasonal rainfall data are particularly helpful. In light of this, an effort has been made to assess rainfall distribution patterns, including weekly, seasonal, and annual rainfall, using data from Gariyaband, Chhattisgarh, during a ten-year period (2011-2020). The analysis revealed that the 29 th week of the monsoon season had the greatest rainfall total, which was 313.8 mm. Although the most average rainfall of 104.6 mm was observed in 29 th week had. The monthly rainfall study revealed that the maximum value of average monthly rainfall (300 mm) and the minimum value (0 mm) were recorded in August and November, respectively. The highest rainfall, 1437 mm, was recorded during the crop (Kharif) seasons, accounting for 81.31 percent of the annual average rainfall. The monsoon season in the region had the most average rainfall, 969.28 mm, while the winter season had the lowest average rainfall, 15.36 mm. It typically loses a significant portion through runoff, which can be kept in in-situ or ex-situ water harvesting facilities and used for growing crops in the Kharif, Rabi, and summer seasons. It can also be used as lifesaving irrigation, particularly during the dry period of one or two weeks during the rainy season, which also has a negative impact on standing Kharif crops. The annual rainfall variance ranged from (-) 25.4% to (+) 24.64% as a percentage of the mean. As a result, the useful data collected from the analysis of rainfall in the current study can be applied to crop planning and the creation of soil and water conservation structures in the Gariyaband region.
The initial and conditional probability of rainfall, i. e. probability of wet P(W) and conditional probability like P (W/W) at 10 mm, 20 mm and 50 mm per week was worked out for the four districts of Chhattisgarh (Raipur, Bilaspur, Jagdalpur and Ambikapur) and results are interpreted. There are locational variations of getting wet week. In later part of the monsoonal season which is coinciding with the end of September, the probability of getting a wet week is very less in all the locations which are indicating the uncertain factor of rainfall in rainfed rice production. This is indicating the importance of medium range weather forecast and operational management for different crops grown in the state. This is only one technique and integrated therapy and techniques are the need of hour to make a balance with the ever-increasing need of food production. Further stress has been made to conserve surplus monsoonal rainfall in On Farm Reservoirs (OFR's) as rainfall is occurring in intense storms and utilize this rainwater for sustainable crop production and also for enhancing cropping intensity. The high potential of OFR's and other harvesting structures in alleviating drought, increasing productivity and stability of rainfed rice lands has been tested in this region for meeting this challenge of rainfed rice production.
Rainfall Characteristics Analysis for Rice Based Cropping System at Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh
Knowledge about onset of monsoon, amount of rainfall and its distribution are prerequisite to adopt any cropping system model at a region especially for rainfed crops. In this study, seasonal analysis of rainfall at Varanasi was performed to quantify the water demand of different cropping systems. The probability analysis of the rainfall data revealed that the onset of monsoon is on 25th standard meteorological week (SMW) which is extended during June 18-24. Seasonal distribution of rainfall indicated that 71% of annual rainfall (719.6 mm) occurs in kharif. In zaid and rabi seasons, 243.9 and 55.4 mm of rainfall, respectively are received. The occurrence of rainy days (>2.5 mm rainfall per day) is 48 days per annum. There is a surplus rain of 304.1 mm during rice growing period (23-42 SMW). Based on the rainfall distribution, design of water harvesting structure has been suggested for rice cultivation. The dimension of a pond for 316 cu m water harvesting should be 26 m in length and 13 m in width (surface), 13 m of length and 6.5 m of width (bottom), and 1.5 m depth.
ANALYSIS OF RAINFALL DATA FOR DROUGHT INVESTIGATION AT GARIYABAND DISTRICT OF CHHATTISGARH
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science, 2022
Drought analysis provides a better scope for predicting the occurrence of drought to aid in crop planning in rainfed regions. Based on 10-year (2011-2020) data from Gariyaband, Chhattisgarh, an attempt has been made to examine drought reoccurrence patterns of weekly, seasonal, monthly, and annual rainfall according to the severity. According to the statistics collected, SMW 39 faced the worst drought calamity. The SMW 35 had a severe drought a maximum of three times throughout the study's ten years, but the SMW 24 experienced a mild drought a maximum of four times. Furthermore, the December month saw the highest percentage of catastrophe drought (90%) while July month saw no disaster drought. Maximum (40%) of the severe drought occurred in July. As per the climatic seasonal analysis, the monsoon season experienced, 40% of no drought conditions, 50% of mild drought conditions, 10% of severe drought circumstances, and 0% of devastating drought conditions, it was found that the kharif season saw 50% of no drought conditions, 30% of mild drought conditions, 20% of severe drought conditions, and 0% of devastating drought conditions. A severe drought was occurred in 2015 (-25.64%) variance in rainfall. As a result, some significant actions are required to guarantee irrigation in rainfed locations.
Present study was attempted to explore the characteristics of monsoon rainfall in 55 districts spreading over five states in north Indian region for last 11-years. Three states belongs to the Western Himalayan region namely Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir and the other two namely Punjab and Haryana falls under the fertile Indo-Gangetic plains. Mann-Kendall test was employed to find out monotonic trends in the rainfall pattern for all the districts in monthly and seasonal scale. Linear regression method of least square fit was used to find out any possible association between amount of rainfall and yield of Kharif rice. Results show that monsoon rainfall is scanty and not reliable for Haryana and Jammu and Kashmir while it's ample for Uttarakhand and can be dependable from an agricultural prospective. Rainfall has shown a non-significant increasing trend in the study domain for most of the states except Uttarakhand. Uttarakhand has shown a significant (95% lev...
Effect of Rainfall Variability on Rice Yield in North Eastern Hills of India: A Case Study
Agricultural Research, 2017
Meghalaya, one of the Seven Sisters States located in the North Eastern Himalayan region of India, is known for two high-rainfall places, i.e. Sohra and Mawsynram, but the state often faces water crisis during the post-monsoon season. Weekly, monthly and seasonal rainfalls were analysed for the state by calculating mean, coefficient of variance, extreme value, etc. To estimate the effect of rainfall on rice yield regression model was applied. The month of August receives highest average rainfall of 1108.30 mm, but the inter year variation is very high (CV = 49.69%). Increasing linear trends were observed for pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon over the study period. The quantum of June rainfall (0.75%) and monsoon maximum temperature (13.35%) has a positive and significant impact on yield of kharif rice, whereas the quantum of August rainfall (-0.46%) has a negative and significant impact on the yield of rice.
Crop planning based on rainfall variability for Bastar region of Chhattisgarh, India
Journal of Agrometeorology, 2021
Rainfall is crucial in agricultural planning for rainfed region which completely depends on rainfall and its distribution in any annual calendar. Variability in rainfall includes onset, distribution and cessation during the year which decides the agricultural operations. On other hands, quantum of rainfall might be same but its distribution varies according to rainfall events and crops undergo insufficient growth. The change in rainfall can't be assessed easily due process of cloud formation and raining is unpredictable, but long-term rainfall analysis could be scaled up the planning of agriculture in rainfed region. Rainfall is the single most important factor in crop planning in rain-fed ecologies. Around 60% of the Indian agriculture is rain dependent, diverse, complex, underinvested, risky, distress prone and vulnerable; with diverse climate. India has a high spatial and temporal variability in rainfall and temperature (Rao et al., 2010).Dry spells in rainfed agriculture are the general features in India. The perception of drought varies from one region to another depending upon normal climatic conditions, available water resources and agricultural practices (Pandey and Bhandari,
International journal of statistics and applied mathematics, 2023
Climate change makes conditions suitable or unsuitable for growing crops in different regions. The greatest threat posed by climate change is change in monsoon. A period of drought is defined by low average precipitation, poor rain or higher evaporation rates which reduces crop growth and yield. In this study, an attempt was made to characterize agricultural drought with the help of rainfed rice crop yield rate and rainfall. Rainfall data and rainfed rice or Aman rice yield rate data from 1978 to 2020 of Malda district in West Bengal were analyzed for determining the probability of rainfed rice specific drought in Malda. An amount of 36.3 mm rainfall for three consecutive weeks was identified as drought threshold value in the test location. The recurrence of drought for the study area has also been studied.