Export of Grapes: Issues and strategies (original) (raw)

Ensuring Food Safety in Grapes through Good Agricultural Practices

With the changing pattern of food consumption some life taking food borne diseases have emerged since last few years and consumers are increasingly conscious about the food safety and health issues. To address the issue of food safety, agriculturists and policy makers of different countries have taken up certain measures to ensure sanitation of agricultural produce right from the farm to the table. Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) is one of these standards developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and presently GAP certification is a must for export in most of the developed countries. GAP aims at attaining social, economic and environmental sustainability by following certain criteria right from the planting of crop to the marketing. India with more than 28.2 million tonnes of fruits is the 2 nd largest producer of fruits in the world. India has the distinction of achieving the highest productivity in grapes in the world, with an average yield of 30 t/ha. More than 80 per cent of the total production is consumed as table grapes in India. Well maintained and established grapes orchards bring better returns per unit area of land than many of the field crops. Approximately, 2.5 per cent (22,000 tonnes) of fresh grapes are exported to the Middle East and European countries through three different agencies viz., grower exporters, growers' cooperatives and the trader exporters. GAP is essential to meet the quality standards of these countries where grapes are exported in large quantity. Since table grapes are consumed fresh, food safety issues are even more relevant to it. Starting from presence of pathogens, pesticide residues to poor handling and packaging, everything can make the produce unacceptable for export. Hence, dissemination of knowledge on GAP for grapes among the stakeholders including grapes growers, line department professionals 180 Sukanya Som et al and trader-exporters is essential to maintain food safety standards of international market and exploit the huge export potential of grapes.

Table Grapes: There Is More to Vitiviniculture than Wine…

Grapes and Wine

Table grapes are fruits intended for fresh human consumption due to their sensory attributes and nutritional value. The objective of this chapter is to review the existing knowledge about table grapes, including a description of different varieties, with particular emphasis on the new highly appreciated seedless varieties. Following an introductory note on the world distribution and production of table grapes, also considering the impact of climate change, selected varieties of table grapes will be characterized in terms of their physiology, postharvest features, and consumer preferences. A morphological description of each variety, with emphasis on grape skin, grape rachis and grape cluster will be included. A final note on the drying of table grapes into raisins, and the most appropriate varieties for drying, will be given. The major changes occurring throughout the growth, development, and ripening phases of table grapes production will be discussed, regarding both physical (skin...

Grapes.pdf

2021

Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivars 'Crimson', 'Flame' and kodrianka cuttings were cultivated in a black polyethylene bags with sand – peat moss 1:1v/v media at plastic greenhouse at the experimental farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University in Ismailia Governorate, during two successive seasons (2011-2012). Cuttings of 'Flame' cv treated with IBA at 600 ppm with or without aeration. The best rooting percentage was with IBA at 600 ppm, aeration for 2 hours and IBA at 600 ppm plus aeration 2 h whereas aeration for four hours with IBA at 600 ppm resulted in increasing root numbers. Cuttings of 'Crimson' and 'kodrianka' cvs treated with IBA at zero, 400 and 600 ppm. IBA at 600 ppm gave the best rooting percentage, roots number and Leaf area index followed by IBA at 400 ppm compared with control.

Grape Production Knowledge of Viticulturists Andscientists

Interciencia, 2016

espanolEste trabajo resulta de una investigacion sobre los conocimientos tradicionales de descendientes de inmigrantes italianos acerca de la produccion de uva, realizada a traves de entrevistas semi estructuradas con cinco viticultores de la comunidad de Palermo, municipio de Lauro Muller, sur del Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Segun los entrevistados, ellos producen uva de la misma forma que sus padres y abuelos, utilizando el conocimiento transmitido oralmente entre generaciones. Los viticultores relataron que diversos factores, tales como el sol y el viento, son importantes para escoger el local de plantacion de las parras, y que no acostumbran intercambiar mudas con otros productores, a pesar de los lazos de parentesco y de amistad. El estudio concluye que el conocimiento empirico de los viticultores corrobora los datos presentes en la literatura, y que el habito de utilizar siempre su propio material genetico para los esqueje puede estar ocasionando la aparicion de nuevas e...

Grapes: Origins and Development

Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology, 2014

It is difficult to discern the true wild ancestor of cultivated grape (Vitis vinifera L.) because the Mediterranean Basin has a wide variety of wild forms. These include escapees and seed-propagated weedy types growing in natural habitat, occurring mainly in disturbed surroundings and cultivated clones of the grapevine (Zohary & Hopf 2001: 152). Recent genetic studies have proven that cultivated grapevines growing in different regions have genetic diversity and heterozygosity which can only have been established through an influx of genes from nearby wild V. sylvestris populations (Imazio et al. 2006: 1009). Vitis sylvestris C. C. Gmelin is now considered to be the wild race of the cultivated grape and is indigenous to southern Europe, the Near East, and the southern Caspian belt (Zohary & Hopf 2001: 152). Vitis vinifera (L.) (grape) is the sole Mediterranean representative of the genus Vitis (Zohary & Hopf 2001: 155). The plants are monosexual with the female flowers only ripening into grapes. Vitis vinifera is hermaphroditic and occasionally, with the escape of cultivated vines into the wild, reverts back to Vitis sylvestris (wild variety) in all characteristics except for being a hermaphrodite, and the seeds of these escapees remain much closer to those of the cultivated form. In terms of elevation, the plant can establish itself at a height of 400 m above sea level and is rarely found as high as 800 m. The cultivated Vitis vinifera has a more restricted distribution than its wild variety (Renfrew 1973: 125; Olmo 1995).

Opportunities for Producing Table Grapes in Egypt for the Export Market: A Decision Case Study

2009

The Barakat Fruit Farm desires to increase their share of the exportable grape market in Egypt. Unfortunately, the grape cultivars currently cultivated by the farm bear fruit after the early market window to the European Union when prices are high. An analysis of the company, competition, consumer, market channel, and conditions, provides insight into possible solutions to the challenges faced by the farm management. Designed for undergraduate classroom use, this case encourages students to think outside of traditional production techniques to arrive at solutions that are viable from both crop culture and financial standpoints. Other contact information: Y. A. A. Diab: yasereco@yahoo.com M. A. A. Mousa: m_a_ahmed@yahoo.com D . E . H a h n : Hahn.1@osu.edu IAMA Agribusiness Case 12.2