A HOLISTIC PRESERVATION AND MAINTENANCE OF THE BUILT HERITAGE: THE ROLE OF AN INTEGRATED METHODOLOGY (original) (raw)
Related papers
Supporting Residential Built Heritage Rehabilitation through an Integrated Assessment
International Journal of Architectural Heritage, 2020
The ageing and degradation of built heritage is an important topic in discussion around the world, especially when located in urban areas, and it raises concerns about their safeguard and preservation. In this regard, national and regional policies have an important role in controlling the level of the interventions and giving the stakeholders tools that allow taking sustained decisions. For that, it is fundamental that the decision-making entities have the information concerning built heritage characteristics and in-situ conditions, and incorporate this data in their policies, namely through inventorying and cataloguing processes. Such information is also fundamental to establish differentiated levels of intervention and support the consideration of flexible and proportional criteria in building codes and regulations. The goal of this paper is to demonstrate the relevance of an integrated assessment of inhabited built heritage to feed plans, guidelines and policies concerned with the control of interventions, particularly on buildings with values that should be preserved, in order to support accurate decision-making. To do this, a specific assessment tool built within the Methodology for the Assessment of Residential Built Heritage (MARBH) is applied to a specific set of old residential buildings located in the historical centre of Porto, Portugal.
Built environment: the sustainability of heritage
SILVA, 2010
Different sustainable evaluation tools can provide a way to certify the building`s performance during its life cycle: raw material depletion, production of materials and components, construction, use and demolition. In this process, several variables that analyze common components, such as the reduction of resources consume, the reuse and recycle potential, flexibility and adaptability, the pollution components generated during the process, are involved. Some examples of these tools are the systems like SBTool, BREEAM, BEE or LiderA that are used to evaluate a specific context according to specific conditions. Meanwhile, the existing evaluation systems are oriented to the building´s design phase or have under consideration patterns adapted to the 21 st century reality. This work was developed due to the need to analyse and evaluate the built environment, specifically in what concerns the urban settlements in Portuguese cities, with more than three hundred years old, and that are not enclosed in the new construction's reality-both at materials and techniques levels. The knowledge gathered about the built environment allows the creation of a sustainable grid capable of guide-lining rehabilitation actions. The evaluation of these urban areas was carried out based on an exhaustive work of collecting the building's characteristics, in an area with around 770 buildings, allowing the creation of a built environment sustainability evaluation grid and adapted to socio, cultural, heritage, economic and environmental contexts. The grid mentioned before was designed after a set of parameters were analyzed, such as: i) the existent materials and the constructive solutions adopted; ii) the urban mesh and the meeting of the construction resources to the built environment; iii) the contemporaneous patterns and the possibilities of reusing; iv) the heritage and cultural values; v) the social and economic values. The evaluation grid presented in this work shows a set of different parameters, where the criteria that are related to the external environment are reassessed according to the existent urban possibilities and where the criteria related to internal environment are adapted to the existent spaces' possibilities.
A methodology for refurbish the social housing heritage
“Sustainable Refurbishment”, YRSB13 - iiSBE Forum of Young Researchers in Sustainable Building 2013, 25.06.2013
The refurbishment of housing block built after the second World War is not only a necessity in term of energy requirement but it is a moral obligation for improving the housing condition. Maintaining the existing assets is a cultural goal. Improving the outdoor and indoor conditions is a responsibility for well-being and sustainability in cities. A lot of actions are going on in Europe and this paper shows two programs' results comparing them and trying to define a new strategy that covers social, economical and cultural aspects. A reference building rehabilitation is the Tour Bois le Prête in Paris, where the methodology called 'Plus' is the real innovative aspect. The Phd research is focused on apply this method in the Italian context on one sixties building in the Milano's suburb. The aim of the research is to demonstrate that the existing social housing's heritage is a resource where not only the city centre is the main representative of the local culture, but that also the suburban areas play an important role into the relationship between the parts of the city in reference to the quality of housing.
Brick and Block Masonry – Trends, Innovations and Challenges, 2016
This paper analyses and compares codes and standards that support interventions on built heritage of three Southern European countries with similar cultural approaches, Italy, Spain and Portugal, and confronts these documents with technical expert opinion. This discussion recognizes the importance of incorporating flexible criteria on code application, but also that such criteria should be sustained by inventorying and cataloguing processes based on multidisciplinary assessment methodologies. When dealing with inhabited built heritage, this assessment methodology should not only be supported by safety and housing conditions criteria embedded in technical codes and standards and local guidelines oriented to the local characteristics of the constructions, but should also include the assessment of the needs and expectations of residents. This work is part of a vast study that includes and sustains the development of a multidisciplinary assessment methodology to be applied on built heri...
Journal of Cultural Heritage, 2016
Several scholars have recently pointed out difficulties when intervening on old and historical buildings due to the inadequacy and incompatibility of actual codes' requirements in relation to the particular constructive, architectural and material characteristics of built heritage. As a result, this study aims identifying criteria to support a holistic methodology that assures maximum preservation of built heritage through minimum, but sustained interventions. In particular, it aims identifying heritage categories and values, as well as measures and levels of intervention through a systematic analysis of the codes and standards involving protection, conservation, rehabilitation and control of interventions on built heritage of three Southern European countries with similar cultural approaches: Italy, Spain and Portugal. The wide reflection and comparison of these documents allows discussing and pointing out different (and common) approaches and criteria; in particular, it underlines the need for inventorying and cataloguing methodologies and procedures.
This paper presents an integrated methodology for the general assessment of built heritage. The relevance of such methodology emerges from the need to solve gaps that result from the existence of fragmented studies that don't take into consideration the complex interaction of the different aspects involved in the interventions on built heritage. The methodology combines multidisciplinary analyses based on three dimensions: patrimonial, technical and social, which are associated to criteria, such as: identification of characteristics and values; assessment of safety and housing conditions; recognition of residents profile, expectations and basic needs. This methodology may be applied to different specific contexts. In this paper it will be directed to the analysis of the inhabited historic residential buildings of Porto city centre. Our findings show that the proposed methodology is able to collect detailed and integrated information about these buildings, promoting the application of flexible and proportional criteria, depending on the asset classification. These results offer new inputs for the definition and optimization of intervention procedures on built heritage.
Public housing as urban heritage: experience and research approach in Spain
Conservar Património, 2022
International conservation policies have incorporated the urban dimension of heritage, which considers the city as a historical continuum connected with the territory. However, the social housing complexes built in Europe throughout the second half of the 20th century lack legal entities and tools for their protection. Urban rehabilitation policies have substituted the initial demolition-replacement processes, by way of combining and coordinating protective measures. The rehabilitation of the Caño Roto Housing Estate (Madrid 1994-2004), as a precursor of a type of intervention widespread in Spain, is analysed with the aim of finding the actors, tools and decisions, so that the model can be optimised in future operations. The heritage dimension involves the development of the necessary means to make possible the conservation and functional updating of the buildings, as well as the development of new cultural, socioeconomic and environmental values, in order to add sustainability to the urban environment.
Journal of Cultural Heritage, 2014
The University of Coimbra was granted World Heritage Status by UNESCO at the 37th session of the UNESCO World Heritage Committee in June 2013. Situated on a hill, overlooking the city, the University of Coimbra-Alta and Sofia grew and evolved over more than seven centuries into the urban area within the old city centre of Coimbra. Therefore, this acknowledgement is indissociable to the old city centre and to its authenticity as well as its integrity overtime. Urban regeneration and refurbishment of old building stock of the city centre of Coimbra is in this case a complex challenge and responsibility, necessarily requiring a master plan strategy for maintaining and improving the building stock to its functional levels, safeguarding its outstanding patrimonial value, resourcing to a correct appraisal and inspection tools. The master plan for the urban regeneration of the old city centre of Coimbra is exposed and discussed in this paper, going into detail in respect to diagnosis and appraisal strategy and inspection datasheets with concrete examples. Results from such strategy bring forward a clear image of the conservation state and authenticity issues for the whole old city centre. Inspection and appraisal actions proceeds building pathology reports define retrofitting and conservation activities and aid estimate rehabilitation costs. This case study has been a benchmark for other urban renewal processes.
ACTION AND RESEARCH ON THE PUBLIC RESIDENTIAL HOUSING HERITAGE
In Europe the public residential neighbourhoods constitute a rich and extended heritage and often tell a lively tissue still essential for the urban's destiny. A lively tissue, for too long abandoned, that today is often characterized by obsolescence and decline and in which it's necessary a regeneration, both physical and social, also with the aim to activate processes of urban and environmental retrofit. Some advanced experimentations in Europe (in France: PLUS+, REHA; in Germany: in Leinefelde the works of the architect Stefan Forster; in U.K.: the retrofit process of Park Hill in Shaffield; ecc) insist on interventions that can change the image of anonymous architectures through the integrations of technological and structural aspects with energy-saving and social aspects. They propose to modify the public residential neighbourhoods through interventions for additions or subtractions that fragment the buildings or enhance the surface and maybe even the total number of apartments with volumetric gains placed in front or on the roof. Following the " Urban housing program for the renewal of the affordable fee " of 2008, promoted by the Regione Lombardia, for the neighborhood of street Barzoni 11 in Milan was foreseen in the complete demolition and the realization of a new project that, rejected by the inhabitants, it would meet the requirements expressed in the call for doubling the number of housing. After the rejection, we were instructed to initiate a process of participatory planning and following a feasibility study by ensuring the required volumetric increase by the new municipal administration and Aler. The experimental protocol provides a multi-scale analysis on the areas that focuses on the following aspects: geometric/morphologic, physical/environmental, social/economic and civic/administrative. The protocol fits into the theme of the energetic, economic and social awareness, in the belief that an adequate analysis of the project area and an effective mapping of local data may give rise to information that will positively influence the choices of the administrators and, therefore, provide more precise input to the designers.