Alternative fuels for internal combustion engines A literature review on fuel properties to guide future fuel candidates for internal combustion engines (original) (raw)

Alternative fuels for internal combustion engines

Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 2017

This review paper covers potential alternative fuels for automotive engine application for both the spark ignition (SI) and compression ignition (CI) engines. It also includes applications for the alternative fuels in advanced combustion research applications. The representative alternative fuels in SI engines includes compressed natural gas (CNG), hydrogen (H2) liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and alcohol fuels (methanol and ethanol); While for the CI engines includes biodiesel, Dimethyl ether (DME), and jet propellent-8 (JP-8). And the Present report summarizes current sources of the fuels, specifications and standards used in vehicle applications. From this start point a survey on published possible future alternative bio-based fuels is summarized and data on the fuels are presented in relation to parameters and properties described in current fuel standards. Gaps in fuel data and two proposed research areas in connection to fuel properties are presented

The outlook for fuels for internal combustion engines

International Journal of Engine Research, 2014

The demand for transport energy is increasing, but this increase is heavily skewed toward heavier fuels such as diesel and jet fuel while the demand for gasoline might decrease. As spark-ignition engines develop to become more efficient, abnormal combustion such as knock and preignition will become more likely. High antiknock quality fuels, those with high research octane number and preferably low motor octane number, will enable future spark-ignition engines to reach their full potential. Higher fuel antiknock quality is also likely to mitigate “superknock” resulting from preignition—an abnormal combustion problem in turbocharged spark-ignition engines. In many parts of the world, fuel antiknock specifications are set on the assumption that higher motor octane number contributes to increased knock resistance. Specifications for fuel antiknock quality have a great impact on fuels manufacture and will need to be revised as this mismatch between existing specifications and engine requ...

Quality and Trends of Automotive Fuels

Advanced Applications of Hydrogen and Engineering Systems in the Automotive Industry, 2021

Automotive engines are designed to convert chemical energy to mechanical energy. The efficiency of this conversion is governed by thermodynamics. The two most common engines utilize gas oil and gasoline fuels for this purpose. However, the combustion processes are radically different. The combustion sequence and relative characteristics for both engine types will be discussed. Due to different combustion requirements, the fundamental properties of both fuels will also be examined as these are significantly different for the two fuel types. The main fuel properties discussed are energy density, stability, fluidity, corrosion, contaminants, safety, wear and environmental aspects. Also, with the advent of various renewable components in both fuels, new trends are emerging for both fuel quality assessments as these are molecularly distinct from their crude oil counterparts.

Alternate fuels for vehicles and their effects on I.C. Engines Characteristics

International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology, 2017

The growing human population and rapid industrialization have caused an increase in the demand for energy around the world. The rapid depletion of fossil fuels and overdependence on petroleum based fuels have made it inevitable for the search for alternative fuels. The fossil fuels are also causing huge damage to the environment and it cannot be denied that vehicles are the main source of it. Pollutants emissions from the vehicle have disturbed the ecological system. The best alternative currently is the biofuels which have the ability to reduce engine emissions. The main focus area of this review is to discuss the important role biofuels can play to reduce the greenhouse gases in the environment and their effects on I.C. engines. Biofuels have the potential to reduce greenhouse gases by 80%. So, they are viable alternatives to be used for vehicles. I.

Assessment of the Quality of Alternative Fuels for Gasoline Engines

Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 2019

The use of alternative fuels is a strict requirement of the present day. The threatening ecological situation of the environment, the constant growth of the fleet, the high price of petroleum products and the import dependence of Ukraine in oil fuels does not raise doubts about the need to develop, improve the properties and expand the range of biofuels. One of the possible solutions to these problems is the use of bioethanol, both in pure form and as an additive to gasoline of oil origin. The purpose of this article is to study the effect of ethanol on the performance properties of traditional gasoline, the search for the optimal ratio of alcohol and gasoline for use in internal combustion engines. Experimental studies have shown that the concentration of ethanol in gasoline 5–7% performance of physical and chemical properties of the fuel does not change at all. If we add 30% ethanol, we have a serious change in the corresponding indicators, and to ensure the physical stability of ...

A Road Map for Second-Generation Fuels for Internal Combustion Engines

2017

The depletion of natural resources, fast growing vehicle density and increased pollutant emission in the environment have alarmed a great. Rapid exploitation of the natural resources led to the high price rise of the petroleum fuels. These fuels also add major environmental pollutant CO2, which is a greenhouse gases also. The stringent rules and environmental regulation led the researchers to think about alternative resources of the transportation and industrial fuels. Looking at huge demand of diesel fuel for transportation sector, captive power generation and agricultural sector, the second-generation fuels are being viewed a substitute of diesel fuel. The present review paper focuses on the available resources of alternative fuels, their production, social and environmental impacts, research gap.

Study on Physico-Chemical Properties of Alternative Fuels

2010

This paper presents aspects regarding the physico-chemical properties of some alternative fuels used for automotive applications. Fossil fuel resources are non-renewable and are mainly responsible for the increasing human related greenhouse gas emissions and consequently for global climate change. This is an incentive for the research and development of modern, efficient and sustainable technologies to produce alternative fuels. Especially in the transport sector, renewable energy resources and technologies are a feasible solution to maintain reliability, and availability for a longer period. Several engines were tested with different alternative fuels and the results regarding the pollution level and properties of the fuels are presented.