STUDY OF HYDROGEN SULFIDE REMOVAL FROM GRUNDWATER (original) (raw)
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REMOVAL OF HYDROGEN SULPHIDE FROM SULPHUROUS GROUND WATERS
The most efficient and cost-effective treatment option will depend primarily on the concentration of hydrogen sulphide. Activated carbon removes a variety of water contaminants, including hydrogen sulphide, by adsorbing and oxidation of the hydrogen sulphide species on the carbon particles surface. This work deals with experimental investigation related to the removal of hydrogen sulphide from sulphurous underground water by adsorption/oxidation on copper modified activated carbon, in both laboratory and field conditions. The performance of carbonaceous adsorbents synthesized from peach and plum stones by the physical-chemical activation method and modified by oxidation following impregnation with Cu 2+ by ion-exchange method in both laboratory and field conditions have been investigated. Comparative analysis of adsorbents highlights the performance of carbonaceous adsorbents obtained by impregnation with copper (II) ions using ion-exchange method, being recommended for practical purposes to remove hydrogen sulphide from natural waters. The capacity of copper modified carbonaceous adsorbents for removal of hydrogen sulphide in dynamic field conditions (expressed as the ratio of volumes of adsorbent : water at breakthrough point) achieved a ratio up to 1:5500.
On the Mechanism of Hydrogen Sulfide Removal from Moist Air on Catalytic Carbonaceous Adsorbents
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2005
Five carbonaceous adsorbents were studied as media for H 2 S removal from the gas phase. Materials were characterized using nitrogen adsorption, thermal analysis, XRF, and other standard methods. Hydrogen sulfide removal capacities were measured using the ASTM test. Then the species adsorbed/formed on the carbon surfaces were identified. The results showed that surface chemical features have a significant effect on the performance of materials as H 2 S adsorbents. To be adsorbed, hydrogen sulfide has to be oxidized to either elemental sulfur or sulfuric acid. The amount adsorbed and the extent of oxidation are governed by the surface pH and the dispersion of catalytic centers. Such centers can be nitrogen-containing basic groups and metals (iron and alkali and alkaline earth metals). A high volume of small micropores is also important. Contributing to a high dispersion of catalyst and providing adsorption centers for storage of oxidation products, these pores form specific oxidation microreactors.
Sewage Sludge-Derived Materials as Efficient Adsorbents for Removal of Hydrogen Sulfide
Environmental Science & Technology, 2001
Sewage sludge-derived materials were used as adsorbents of hydrogen sulfide from moist air. The adsorbent obtained by carbonization at 950°C has a capacity twice of that of coconut shell-based activated carbon. The capacity of the sludge-derived materials increases with increasing carbonization temperature. It is likely that during carbonization at 950°C a mineral-like phase is formed that consists of such catalytically active metals as iron, zinc, and copper. The results obtained demonstrate that the presence of iron oxide significantly increases the capacity of commercial carbon and activated alumina. The sludge-derived adsorbents are efficient for hydrogen sulfide removal until the pore entrances are blocked with sulfur as the product of oxidation reaction. For materials in which the catalytic effect is predominant, hydrogen sulfide is adsorbed until all pores are filled with sulfur. There is also indication that chemisorption plays a significant role in the removal of hydrogen sulfide from moist air.
A Cleaner Application on Hydrogen Sulfide
MANAS Journal of Engineering, 2021
With the increasing industrial production, there was a significant number of toxic and harmful hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas generated. Due to the industrial activities, converting H2S gas from the waste of industrial process is environmentally attractive. This paper focuses on the conversion of H2S to elemental sulfur (S°) and other sulfur species (i.e., sulfite ion (SO3 2-); sulfate ion (SO4 2-) using Fenton reagent. The effects of some reaction parameters such as Fe 2+ ion concentration, amount of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), reaction time, initial H2S concentration and, liquid-gas ratio on H2S conversion percentage were explored thoroughly. The results revealed that the increase of the Fe 2+ ion concentration and H2O2 quantity could promote the conversion of H2S. Besides, the comparable results were recorded for each reaction parameter. An apparent positive effect was observed with increasing the amount of H2O2 on H2S conversion. However, the conversion percentage was decreased while increased in the initial concentration of the H2S in the Fenton reactor. It was well accepted that the main conversion pathway of H2S was hydroxyl radical (•OH). Additionally, the oxidative reaction of H2O2 on H2S is thought another removal pathway. The expected products are sulphuric acid and S°.
Journal of Water and Wastewater, 2021
Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) is a toxic, odorous, colorless, flammable and acidic gas. The main problems of hydrogen sulfide are the threat to health and safety, and causing corrosion and damage to metal installations. This study was conducted to remove hydrogen sulfide from the sour waters of Tabriz refinery and to recycle large amounts of water as well as to reduce air pollution in the refinery. In this experimental and laboratory study, the effect of pH, adsorbent content, initial concentration of pollutant, contact time and temperature on hydrogen sulfide removal process using clinoptilolite adsorbent was investigated. Thermodynamics, kinetics, and isotherms of adsorption process were studied. The results were used to remove H 2 S from the sour water of Tabriz refinery. The results showed that the optimal values of pH, absorbent value, initial pollutant concentration, contact time and temperature were 3, 1g/100 mL, 50 mg/L, 30 min and 25 o C, respectively. The results of thermodynamic studies showed that the adsorption process was exothermic, irreversible and spontaneous. The experimental data were better fitted to the pseudo-second order kinetics model and Freundlich isotherm model. After passing 100 ml of sour water from the fixed bed at 25 o C and 45 minutes, the removal efficiency was 96.7%. According to the results of this study, the proposed method due to its simplicity and high efficiency and the clinoptilolite due to its cheapness, abundance, ability to resuscitate and increase efficiency by enhancing the amount of clinoptilolite can be considered as an appropriate method and suitable adsorbent to remove hydrogen sulfide from the sour water of refineries and effluents.
Removal of Hydrogen Sulfide from Gaseous Streams by a Chemical Method using Ferric Sulfate Solution
Hydrogen sulfide is a toxic and odorous compound present in biogas produced by the anaerobic digestion of biosolids and other organic materials. Reactive absorption of hydrogen sulfide into aqueous ferric sulfate solution is a direct process for HS removal and Sulfur recovery. Apart from sulfur, only HO is 2 2 generated in the process and consequently, no waste treatment facilities are required. A distinct advantage of the process is that the reaction of H S with is so rapid and complete that there remains no danger of discharging 2 toxic waste gas. Effective operation parameters on this process considered. Results show that high temperature and low pressure are suitable for absorption reaction. Variation of hydrogen sulfide concentration and Fe 3+ concentration with time in absorption reaction shown that the reaction of ferric sulfate and hydrogen sulfide is first order with respect to the both reactant. At low concentration of Fe (SO ), the absorption rate of H S 2 4 2 increase with increasing the Fe (SO ) concentration. At higher concentration, a decrease in the absorption rate 2 4 3 was found. At higher concentration of Fe (SO ) , the ionic strength and viscosity of solution increase 2 4 3
Oxidation of sulfide removal from petroleum refinery wastewater by using hydrogen peroxide
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2020
Petroleum refinery wastewater typically has high concentration of sulfide which is known as the most hazardous pollutants. It is released to the environment either as dissolved sulfide (S2- and HS−) in effluents or as H2S in waste gases. The objective in this study is to determine the effectiveness of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in sulfide removal. The best sulfide concentration, dosage and reaction time were determined. The removal of sulfide from petroleum refinery wastewater via oxidation method by using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is presented in this study. The treated wastewater was analyzed by spectrophotometer. Result shows that the best concentration of sulfide simulated wastewater (300 mg/L), H2O2 dosage (1.5 ml) and reaction time (30 min) able to reduce 97.67%, 98.22% and 98.89% of sulfide concentration from simulated wastewater. Thus, sulfide removal from the actual petroleum refinery wastewater which is spent caustic by using H2O2 was able to reduce 99.83% (0.5 mg/L) sulfide ...
Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2002
Sewage sludge-derived fertilizer, Terrene, was used as a precursor of adsorbents tested for removal of hydrogen sulfide from moist air. The adsorbents were obtained by pyrolysis of sulfuric acid-treated granular fertilizer at 600, 800, and 950 • C in a nitrogen atmosphere. The highest H 2 S removal capacity was obtained for the sample carbonized at 950 • C. This is a result of a combined effect of the specific chemistry of the inorganic phase and the development of microporosity within the carbon deposit. On the surface of the materials studied hydrogen sulfide is converted to elemental sulfur, sulfides, and sulfates as a result of the reaction with salts/oxides and the presence of an oxidizing atmosphere. The pores are gradually filled as the surface reactions proceed. The removal of H 2 S occurs until all the small micropores are filled with the reaction/oxidation products.
Removal of hydrogen sulfide using carbonated steel slag
Chemical Engineering Journal, 2013
Adsorption mechanism of hydrogen sulfide onto carbonated steel slag was studied. Hydrogen sulfide was removed by oxidation and the formation of pyrite. The oxidation of hydrogen sulfide was coupled with reduction of manganese oxide.
Removal of hydrogen sulfide using red mud at ambient conditions
Fuel and Energy Abstracts, 2011
Red mud (RM) is a caustic waste product of alumina industry. A laboratory study was conducted to investigate the removal of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) gas using RM at ambient conditions. Red mud was characterized before reaction and after reaction by using XRD, BET, SEM/EDX, TG-DSC, FT-IR, and CHNS. The XRD and EDX data confirmed that the H 2 S was removed in the form of FeS 2 , FeS, CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O, sulfur, sulfide and bisulfide of Na. During the sulfidation reaction, the color of some RM changes from red to black, indicating that iron oxide was converted to iron sulfide. The black color in this case was an indicator of mineral sulfide compounds which indicated that some H 2 S sorption and removal were occurred. The removal capacity of sulfidic filtrate was more as compared to the sulfidic red mud as revealed by thermogravimetric and EDX analysis.