AAB BIOFLUX Advances in Agriculture & Botanics- International Journal of the Bioflux Society Genetic studies of fiber quality parameter and earliness related traits in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L (original) (raw)
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African Journal of Biotechnology, 2014
The present study was carried out to investigate the diallel analysis in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) by involving seven parents and their 42 cross combinations. All the characters were predominantly controlled by additive gene action except number of sympodial branches, single plant yield and bundle strength. Non additive gene action was controlled for the characters sympodial branches, single plant yield and bundle strength. The parent BW4-1 had superior per se performance for single plant yield, boll weight, lint index, number of bolls per plant, seed index, and micronaire followed by MCU 13 which had recorded high per se for single plant yield, lint index, seed index and number of sympodial branches. The parent TCH 1726 exhibited positive and significant gca effect for single plant yield, ginning percent, number of sympodial branches, boll weight and plant height. Based on high per se performance and high gca effect, the parent MCU 13 was considered as best general combiner as it had significantly greater values for single plant yield, number of sympodial branches, lint index and seed index. The hybrids KC 2 × TCH 1726 and TCH 1705 × MCU 3 had recorded high per se for single plant yield, number of bolls per plant and number of sympodial branches. Based on sca effects, KC 2 × TCH 1726 showed significant sca effects for single plant yield and number of sympodial branches.
Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci., 2017
The present investigation was focused on studying combining ability and heterosis breeding for yield, fibre quality and economically important traits designed among 19 parents and 84 hybrids developed through line x tester method. The analysis of variance indicated substantial variability among the experimental material for yield and fibre quality traits. All the characters were predominantly controlled by non-additive gene action except lint index. Four parents viz., TCH 1705-152, TCH 1705-101, TCH 1705-250, Surabhi were identified as very good general combiners. The hybrids, TCH 1705-152 x BS-1, ARBC 1301 x KC3, DSC-1302 x COD 5-1-2 and C 10-3 x TCH 1705-250 observed significant sca effects and four hybrids viz., TCH 1705-152 x BS-1, TCH 1705-101 x COD 5-1-2, TC H 1705-152 x Surabhi and VS-9-S11-1 x Surabhi were identified as the best hybrids well suited for exploitation through heterosis breeding with regard to per se, sca effect and standard heterosis.
Genetics of fibre quality traits in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
2008
Five upland cotton varieties were crossed in a complete diallel mating system to assess the genetics of fibre length (FL), fibre strength (FS), fibre fineness (FF), fibre uniformity (FU) and fibre elongation (FE) utilizing Mather and Jinks approach. Differences were found to be significant (P<0.01) for all the characters. Adequacy tests revealed that data of all the characters were partially adequate for genetic interpretation except FE. Additive component (D) was significant in all the traits and was lower in magnitude than dominant components (H1 and H2) of variation for FS and FU which was firmly supported by the value of H1/D 0.5. Dominant genes were in excess than recessive genes in the parents for all the traits except for FF. Asymmetrical distribution of dominant and recessive genes in parents for all characters was confirmed, and soundly sustained by the value of H 2 /4H 1. The h 2 value was insignificant for all the characters except FS. Moderately high narrow sense heritability (h 2 n.s) was exhibited by FF, FU and FE, while SL and FS possessed low heritability. Graphical representation demonstrated additive gene action for SL, FF, and FE whereas; FS and FU were controlled by overdominance effects. Full sib or half sib family selection, pedigree and progeny test would probably be necessary to achieve the genetic progress for SL, FF, and FE while hetrosis breeding could be fruitful for improvement of FS and FU.
2018
The genetic components, genetic variability, correlation and path analysis between yield, fiber quality and earliness traits were evaluated in 18 advance lines of cotton along with two checks. The values of heritability were higher for yield and quality parameters, but for earliness traits heritability was moderate. The results of correlation coefficients for days to flower initiation, boll weight, GOT%, sympodia branches and boll number per plant showed significant positive genotypic and phenotypic associations with seed cotton yield. Maximum values of direct effects on yield were also observed for these traits. The results of principal component analysis revealed that 4 four components contributed 78% of total variation. Cluster analysis showed that genotypes in cluster-II viz: FH-488, FH-490, FH-142, FH-451, FH-452, FH-453, FH-455 are exploitable not only for hybridization purpose but also some of the genotypes in this cluster may be recommended for testing in national and provin...
Half diallel crosses among 6 genotypes of cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.) as well as their parents were evaluated in a randomized complete block design aiming at investigating general combining ability (GCA) effects of parent, specific combining ability (SCA) effects of crosses and the heterotic pattern of the cross combinations. Results showed significant differences among all the crosses means and their respective parental values for all examined traits. The mean squares due to general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were also significant. Variances due to SCA were greater than these due to GCA for all studied traits, indicating the predominance of non-additive gene action. The parental genotypes P1, P3 and P5 were the best general combiners and their utilization produced valuable crosses with desirable SCA effects especially for yield components. The cross combinations (P1 x P2), (P1 x P3) and (P5 x P6) performed well in SCA determination and showed outstanding mean performance and heterosis for yield components traits. Better SCA effects associated with useful heterosis were more pronounced for yield components traits. The maximum number of cross combinations that recorded significant and desirable heterobeltiosis was observed in boll weight followed by seed cotton yield, lint yield and fiber fineness.
2015
The use of already existing genetic variability in the breeding material as well as the creation of new variability along with the genetic understanding of various agronomic traits is of crucial importance to develop potential sources of cotton. The 5x5 complete diallel cross experiment was carried out in order to determine gene action as well as general and specific combining ability consisting of five parental genotypes namely MNH-700, BH-162, CIM-499, FH-634 and Sarmast. All the traits were controlled by additive type of gene action with partial dominance. Maximum numbers of dominant genes were observed in FH- 634 for plant height and number of sympodial branches. Variety CIM-499 has maximum number of dominant genes for number of bolls, number of sympodial branches and seed cotton yield while SARMAST has maximum number of dominant genes for boll weight. MNH-700 was good general combiner for boll weight and number of bolls, CIM-499 for seed cotton yield and number of sympodial bra...
Genetic basis of some quantitative traits in upland cotton ( Gossypium hirsutm L
Five cotton cultivars were crossed in a complete diallel to study the inheritance of different polygenic traits. Genotypic differences were found to be significant (P<0.01) for all the characters. Adequacy tests disclosed that data of all the parameters were fully adequate for genetic analysis except bolls per plant, staple length, fibre strength, and fibre fineness, which was partially or not adequate. Additive component of genotypic variation (D) was significant and predominant for plant height, sympodia per plant, staple length and fibre strength, while dominance effects (H 1 and H 2 ) were main controlling factors for of monopodia per plant, number of bolls, lint percentage and seed cotton yield. More dominant genes were revealed in the parents for sympodia per plant, lint percentage and seed cotton yield. The values of H 2 /4H 1 demonstrated asymmetrical and unequal distribution of dominant genes in the parents for all characters. Plant height, sympodia per plant, staple length and fibre strength exhibited high narrow sense heritability (h 2 n.s) due to the presence of additive gene action, whereas, monopodia per plant, number of bolls, lint percentage and seed cotton yield possessed low heritability. The genetic analysis suggested that plant height, sympodia per plant, staple length and fibre strength could be improved through sib family, pedigree and progeny selection, while exploitation of heterosis would be necessary to attain the genetic advancement in monopodia per plant, number of bolls, lint percentage and seed cotton yield.
Combining ability studies for yield and fiber traits in upland cotton
Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 2015
Genetic potential and combining ability were studied in 6 × 6 F1 cross of Gossypium hirsutum L. at the University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan. Six parental genotypes (CIM-446, CIM-496, CIM-499, CIM-506, CIM-554 and CIM707) and their 30 F1 diallel progenies were grown in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Significant (p≤0.01) differences were observed among the genotypes for bolls per sympodia, bolls per plant, boll weight, seed cotton yield per plant, lint % and lint index. F1 hybrids showed significant increase over parental means for all the traits. Mean squares due to GCA and SCA were highly significant for all the traits. The GCA mean squares were higher than SCA for majority traits which revealed that additive genes controlled the inheritance. Utilization of best general combiners (CIM-446 and CIM-554) as one of the parents produced promising F1 population (CIM-446 × CIM-554, CIM-446 × CIM-496 and CIM-506 × CIM-554) with desirable SCA and mean pe...
Journal of Plant Production, 2023
This study was conducted at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Cotton Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt, during two growing seasons (2021 and 2022). Six Egyptian cotton varieties were used as lines with five genotypes as testers, using line x tester analysis. Genotypes, parents, crosses and parents vs. crosses mean squares were extremely significant for all the studied characters, except for micronaire reading in the crosses. Giza 94 x 10229 exhibited significant useful heterosis (BP) for all the studied characters. Lines Giza 86 and Giza 76 recorded significantly and positive desirable general combining ability effects (GCA) for most traits while, Giza 96 was significant desirable general combining ability effects for fiber quality characters. In this respect, testers showed that Uzbekistan had significant and positive desirable for most yield characters while, BBB had significant desirable general combining ability effects for most studied characters. Crosses Giza 96 x Australy13, Giza 86 x 10229 and Giza 75 x C.B.58 were significant desirable specific combining ability effects (SCA) for some yield traits. Generally, Giza 86 could be used for improving high yielding cotton varieties in plant breeding programs, while Giza 96 considered as beneficial parent for breeding programs to produce new varieties characterized with best fiber quality.