Tillage and Nitrogen Fertilization Effect on Wheat Yield, and Soil Organic Carbon and Total Nitrogen (original) (raw)
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Impact of tillage operations on wheat yield and chemical properties of soil: A review
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Tillage by effecting soil conditions through manipulating its physical and chemical properties and influencing the availability of nutrients. Traditional practices are intensive tillage that leads to a negative impact on crop productivity and soil properties. Conservation agriculture including tillage reductions, better agronomy, and improved varieties, showed positive result on soil and plant health. Higher yield of crops reported under furrow irrigated raised bed (FIRBS) system followed by no tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (CT). Tillage practices may also influence the distribution pattern of soil organic carbon (SOC). It was observed higher SOC concentration in the surface layers in no tillage than conventional tillage. Zero tillage (ZT) treatment showed significantly higher macro and micronutrient levels in their available form than the other treatments. Mostly researchers reported higher dissolve organic carbon (DOC) under conventional tillage over the conservational til...
Conventional agriculture can result in loss of organic matter (OM), resulting in degradation of cultivated soil. A study was conducted to assess the impact of different tillage treatments in rice and wheat cropping system on soil organic carbon and nitrogen pool. The experiment was carried out in split plot design with four main plot treatments viz. P (direct dry seeding by zero till drill), P 1 2 (direct seeding of sprouted rice in puddle condition), P (hand transplanting) and P (transplanting 3 4 by self-propelled rice trans planter) while the sub plot treatment (for wheat) included T 1 (conventional sowing), T (bed planting), T (strip till drilling) and T (zero till drilling). Significant 2 3 4 variations in SOC and soil nitrogen pool were observed in wheat tillage treatments for D (0-10cm) 1 soil depth. The T and T treatments had significantly higher values of SOC pool as compared to T. 4 3 1 Similar trend was also observed for soil nitrogen. Rice tillage treatments did not have any significant impact on SOC and soil nitrogen at D or subsequent depths. The summarized depths 0-1 30 and 0-60 cm did not show any impact of the tillage treatments on SOC or soil nitrogen pools.In 3 3 rice tillage treatments, SOC pool ranged from 26.06 Mg/m (P) to 27.61 Mg/m (P) while the range 4 1 3 3 for wheat tillage treatment was 26.30 Mg/m (T) to 26.75 Mg/m (T). At D depth soil N pool was 4 1 1 found to be statistically higher for T and T tillage treatments in wheat, whereas T tillage treatment 3 4 2 was found to be statistically at par with T. This is because of the presence of higher amount of SOM 1 in T and T. A high and positive correlation between SOC and total N was observed because most of 3 4 the nitrogen present in soil is in organic form.
Soil and Tillage Research
Corn residues management is a major problem in the southern part of Iran where irrigated wheat–corn–wheat rotation is a common practice. A two-year (2008–2010) field experiment was conducted as a factorial split plot design with three replications at the Agricultural Research Centre, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran to determine the influences of different amounts of corn (Zea mays L.) residues (0, 25 and 50%) incorporation and nitrogen (N) rates (75 and 150 kg ha-1) on some soil properties, yield and yield components of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under two tillage systems. Tillage treatments were moldboard plow followed by two harrow diskings and chisel plow tillage followed by a single harrow disking. The soil with chisel treatment had about 8 and 15% more soil organic carbon (SOC) and total N than moldboard plow treatment, respectively. Incorporation of increased amounts of corn residues and a higher N rate reduced C:N ratios in the chisel treatmen...
Effects of long-term tillage practices on the quality of soil under winter wheat
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These studies were done in 2013–2016 on the effects of two tillage systems on the quality of a loamy sand soil (Eutric Fluvisol) and were based on a field experiment started in 2002. Winter wheat was grown in conventional tillage (CT) with mouldboard ploughing (inversion) tillage; and reduced (non-inversion) tillage (RT) based on soil crushing-loosening equipment and a rigid-tine cultivator. Chopped wheat straw was used as mulch in both treatments. The physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil were investigated. RT increased soil bulk density in the 0–5 cm and 5–10 cm depth layers in comparison with CT. The greatest content of soil organic carbon (SOC) was found in the 0–5 cm layer under RT. The BIOLOG EcoPlate System showed that soil under RT had a greater metabolic activity and diversity of microbial communities than soil under CT. RT improved the quality of the surface soil as shown by the greater content of SOC and microbial activity measured in terms of dehydroge...
Long term effect of different tillage systems on soil physical properties and yield of wheat
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2019
The one of the most predominant cropping systems of Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) of India is rice–wheat cropping system. Intensive tillage in this era of fast crop cycle resulted in declining of soil physical condition which causes stagnant productivity. Keeping in view the importance of the system for food security of the country, this research performed to investigate the effects of different soil tillage practices on soil physical properties, growth and yield’s components of wheat. This experiment was conducted with rotary tillage, and conventional tillage and four replicates in some of the farmlands of Malhendi village of shamli, UP during 2017-18 to investigate the effect of long term rotary tillage on physical fertility of soils and their effect on crop growth and yield of wheat under rice-wheat system. The results obtained showed that different soil tillage practices could cause significant changes in the soil bulk density, penetration resistance and crop growth and yield. The ...