Biosorption of lead by Bacillus licheniformis isolated from E-waste landfill, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. (original) (raw)
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Bioadsorption of Heavy Metals From Industrial Wastewater Using Some Species of Bacteria
Three isolated bacteria were examined to remove heavy metals from the industrial wastewater of the Diala State Company of Electrical Industries, Diyala-Iraq. The isolated bacteria were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Sulfate Reducing Bacteria (SRB). The three isolates were used as an adsorption factor for different concentrations of Lead and Copper (100, 150, and 200 ppm.), in order to examine the adsorption efficiency of these isolates. In addition, the effect of three factors on heavy metals adsorption were examined; temperature (25, 30, and 37 C), pH (3 and 4.5) and contact time (2 and 24 hrs). The results showed that the highest level of lead adsorption was obtained at 37 C by E. coli, P, aerugenosa and SRB with percentage of 95, 95.3 and 99.7 % respectively, whereas, E. coli, P. Aerugenosa and SRB gave a copper adsorption percentage of (40.63, 50.51 and 80.57%) respectively at 37 C. Moreover, E.coli showed different percentage of metal adsorption ranged from 6.4% to 95 % with lead concentration of 100 and 200 ppm at pH4.5 and for each of 2 and 24 hrs contact time, whereas, it exerts percentage of copper adsorption ranged from 3.5 % to 40.63 % at 100 and 200 ppm and pH value of 4.5 for similar contact time. P. aerugenosa was also shown to be involved in metal adsorption with percentage ranged from 1.39 % for lead concentration of 150 ppm to 97.9 % for 200ppm under pH of 3 and contact times of 2 and 24 hrs. Interestingly, SRB exhibits significant differences in metal absorption values ranged from 14.97 % for lead (100 ppm) to 99.32 % at 200 ppm with a pH value of 3 and contact times of 2 and 24 hrs and under different temperatures.
ROLE OF BACTERIA IN BIO SORPTION OF HEAVY METALS
Presented study was focussed on isolation and screening the heavy metal resistant microbes and to evaluate the biosorption potential of heavy metals from contaminated soil of Bhagwanpur industrial area. Soil samples for the study were randomly collected from Bhagwanpur industrial area. The soil sample was analysed for different physico-chemical properties such as pH, moisture content, temperature, water holding capacity, carbon, organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorous. Heavy metal resistant bacteria were isolated and screened for their biosorption potential. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Pb, Cr, Ni and Zn was determined by agar diffusion method. The selected bacterial isolates were identified by gram staining and biochemical parameters. Isolates were further characterized molecularly with 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Furthermore, biosorption capacity i.e. amount of metal ion (mg) bioabsorbed/g of dried biomass was calculated for identified strains. Carbon and organic matter content was found to be 0.23 ± 0.1% and 0.33 ± 0.08% respectively, while nitrogen in the sample was 0.34 ± 0.07 %. Among ten isolates only four bacteria showed resistance against metals (Ni, Cr, Pb and Zn). MIC range of isolates against various metal concentrations was in the range of 25 PPM to 400 PPM. Molecular characterization of the isolates revealed 99% similarities of S44, S3B, S12 and S13 with Staphylococcus gallinarum, Acinetobacter pitti and Pantoea agglomerans and Enterobactor spp. respectively. Biosorption experiments indicated that, Acinetobactor spp. (S3B) and Enterobactor spp. (S13) could bioadsorb metals in the order Zn>Pb>Ni>Cr; Staphylococcus spp. (S44) showed in Ni>Zn>Cr>Pb; Pantoea spp. (S12) in order Zn>Ni>Pb>Cr. Thus, Biosorption was influenced by the initial metal concentration. Among the isolated bacterial strains, biosorption capacity was found in order as Acinetobacter calcoaceticus> Enterobacter spp.> Staphylococcus gallinarum> Pantoea agglomerans. In this study Cr, Zn, Pb and Ni resistant bacteria were isolated from heavy metal contaminated soil. Tolerance data with extremely high range of heavy metal concentrations, revelaed that heavy metal resistant bacterial isolates can tolerate metal toxicity up to 400. Thus paving a new way for safe, reliable and cost-effective treatment of heavy metal contaminated soil around the world.
Comparative Study on Heavy Metals Biosorption by Different Types of Bacteria
Open Journal of Metal, 2013
Biosorption of Cd(II), Ag(I) and Au(III) by cyanobacteria Spirulina platensis, of Au(II)-by Streptomyces spp. 19H, and of Cr(VI) and Cr(III)-by Arthrobacter species was studied by using the dialysis and atomic absorption analysis under various conditions. In particular, the impact of the following parameters on biosorption was studied: pH (for Ag, Cd, Au), living and non-living cells (for Cr), heavy metal valence (for Cr), homogenized and non-homogenized cells (for Au), Zn(II) ions (on Cr(VI)-Arthrobacter species). It was shown that biosorption efficiency of Cr(III), Cr(VI), Cd(II), Au(III) and Ag(I) ions is likely to depend on the type of bacteria used as well as on the conditions under which the uptake processes proceeded. It was shown that metal removal by microorganisms was influenced by physicalchemical parameters. The pH value of 7.0 was optimum for the removal of Ag(I) and Cd(II) by Spirulina platensis. At a low pH value of 5.5, Au (III) was by test algae more efficiently than Cd(II) and Ag(I).
Biosorption of lead from aqueous solutions by Bacillus strains possessing heavy-metal resistance
Chemical Engineering Journal, 2011
In this study, bacterial strains were investigated in order to determine their heavy metal tolerance. The bacterial strains were identified as Bacillus cereus and Bacillus pumilus. In the batch system, the effects of operating variables such as solution pH, initial metal concentration, contact time, and adsorbent dosage were investigated. Both isolates were highly resistance to copper and lead in comparison with the control strain examined. The adsorption capacities of B. cereus and B. pumilus were found to be 22.1 mg/g and 28.06 mg/g, respectively. The biosorption follows pseudo-second order kinetics and the isotherm fits well to the Langmuir isotherm model. In column experiments, the biosorption was fitted well by the Thomas model. The breakthrough and exhaustion capacity of each biosorbent decreased with increasing flow rate. In the fixed-bed system, the biosorption capacities of, B. cereus and B. pumilus were observed to be higher than that of the batch system.
Comparative studies on the microbial adsorption of heavy metals
2003
A process of competitive biosorption of Cr(VI) and Fe(III) ions on Streptococcus equisimilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillus niger is described and compared to single metal ion adsorption in solution. The ability of these three microorganisms to adsorb metal ions wCr(VI) and Fe(III)x, is shown as a function of metal concentration, pH, temperature, growth medium composition, culture age and contact time with the biosorbents. The effect of addition of an extra energy source in the form of glucose, fructose and sucrose in the adsorption medium is studied for the biosorption of metal ions by microorganisms. Freundlich constants are determined from the Freundlich adsorption isotherms for all the organisms. The adsorbed metals from the sorbents can be regenerated in situ with 0.1 M sodium hydroxide.
Biosorption of heavy metals from aqueous solution by bacteria isolated from contaminated soil
Water Environment Research, 2017
The present work evaluates the performance of the yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae to remove heavy metals from aqueous solutions. The effect of pH, temperature, initial concentration, contact time, and biosorbent dosage on biosorption capacity is studied. Experiment results show that metal uptake is a rapid process at pH values (5.0-6.0), and the order of accumulated metal ions is Pb [ Zn [ Cr [ Co [ Cd [ Cu. The biosorption process obeys Freundlich and the Langmuir adsorption isotherms. The kinetics of metal ions biosorption could be described by Lagergren and Ho models. Nitric acid with low concentration of 0.05 N is effective in desorbing the biosorbed metal ions. Sodium hydroxide solution of 0.2 M is effective in regenerating the yeast; the regenerated yeast could be used for at least six cycles of biosorption, without losing its metal removal capacity. Carboxyl, amine, and phosphate groups present in the yeast were found to be the main biosorption sites for metal ions.
Effect of pH and Temperature on the Biosorption of Heavy Metals by Bacillus licheniformis
2015
Among all the pollutants, heavy metals are most dangerous one as these are non –biodegradable and persist in environment. Human activities, such as mining operations and the discharge of industrial wastes, have resulted in accumulation of heavy metals in the environment. Removal of metals and their recovery is one of the major concerns in sewage and industrial effluent treatment. This paper attempts to present a brief summary of the role of bacterial biomass in heavy metal removal from aqueous solutions. Biosorption has emerged as a low-cost technological option for removal or recovery of base metals from aqueous wastes. Screened Bacillus licheniformis was evaluated for biosorption ability for copper and iron ions. Bacteria were grown at different pH (3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8) and temperature (300C, 350C, 400C, 450C, 500C and 550C). It was found that bacteria were able to decontaminate with good efficacy for Fe and Cu ions at pH 8 with 92% and 93% respectively. For Fe ions 92% removal wa...
The threat of heavy metal pollution to environmental health is getting worldwide attention due to their persistence and non-biodegradable nature. Ineffectiveness of various physicochemical methods due to economical and technical constraints resulted in the search for a costeffective and eco-friendly biological technique for heavy metal removal from the environment. The two effective biotic methods used are biosorption and bioaccumulation. A comparison between these two processes demonstrated that biosorption is a better heavy metal removal process than bioaccumulation. This is due to the intoxication of heavy metal by inhibiting their entry into the microbial cell. Genes and enzymes related to bioremoval process are also discussed. On comparing the removal rate, bacteria are surpassed by algae and fungi. The aim of this review is to understand the biotic processes and to compare their metal removal efficiency. No sludge disposal required Pretreatment required Expensive resins Adsorption using active carbon Suitable for most metals No regeneration possible High efficiency ([99 %) Performance depends upon adsorbent Expensive Coagulation-flocculation Good sludge settling Dewatering pH dependent (11-11.5) Large amount of sludge production Only treats metal concentrations \100 or [1000 mg/L Large consumption of chemicals Expensive Membrane technologies Less solid waste produced Low flow rates Less chemical consumption Recovery decrease with the presence of other metals High efficiency ([95 % for single metal) Expensive
Biosorption and Bioaccumulation of Copper and Lead by Heavy Metal-Resistant Fungal Isolates
Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 2015
Microorganisms play an important role in the bioremediation of heavy metal-contaminated wastewater and soil. In this research, isolation of heavy metal-resistant fungi was carried out from wastewater-treated soil samples of Hudiara drain, Lahore. The purpose of the present investigation was to observe fungal absorption behavior toward heavy metal. The optimum pH and temperature conditions for heavy metal removal were determined for highly tolerant isolates of Aspergillus spp. along with the initial metal concentration and contact time. Biosorption capacity of A. flavus and A. niger was checked against Cu(II) and Pb(II), respectively. The optimal pH was 8-9 for A. flavus and 4-5.4 for A. niger, whereas optimal temperature was 26 and 37 • C, respectively. Moreover, the biosorption capacity of A. flavus was 20.75-93.65 mg g −1 for Cu(II) with initial concentration 200-1400 ppm. On the other hand, biosorption capacity of A. niger for Pb(II) ranged from 3.25 to 172.25 mg g −1 with the same range of initial metal concentration. It was also found that equilibrium was maintained after maximum adsorption. The adsorption data were then fitted to Langmuir model with a coefficient of determination >0.90. The knowledge of the present study will be helpful for further research on the bioremediation of polluted soil.
Biosorption of heavy metal polluted soil using bacteria and fungi isolated from soil
SN Applied Sciences, 2019
Heavy metals polluted soils have turned out to be a common environmental problem across the globe due to their toxic effects and accumulation through the food chain. Heavy metals have lethal effects on all forms of life. For instance, plants grown on heavy metal polluted soil show a reduction in growth and yields. A surge in anthropogenic activities and industrial operations has substantially increased the level of heavy metal pollution and release into the environment; hence, there is need to remediate these heavy metal pollutants. Biosorption is an efficient, economical, ecofriendly and convenient techniques of remediating heavy metal polluted soils. It is a widely accepted method that utilizes biomaterials such as natural biomass as biosorbents. The current study was based on the biosorption of copper, chromium, cadmium and nickel polluted soil using bacteria and fungi isolated from soil. Bacterial species isolated were Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Micrococcus, Escherichia, Streptococcus, Enterobacter and Staphylococcus while fungi isolated were Aspergillus niger, Penicillium notatum and Aspergillus flavus. The isolated bacteria were screened for potential to biosorb copper and chromium likewise fungi for cadmium and nickel. Biosorption rate was determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Five milliliters each of a-day-old culture of the screened bacteria and fungi was inoculated into 45 ml of nutrient broth (bacteria) and potato dextrose broth (fungi) having concentrations of 5, 10, 15 and 20 ppm, respectively, of copper, chromium, cadmium and nickel. The conical flasks were incubated at a temperature of 37 °C and 28 °C ± 2 for bacteria and fungi, respectively, for a period of 35 days of inoculation. For the bacterial isolates, the highest biosorption rates of chromium (89.67%) and copper (90.89%) by Pseudomonas aeruginosa were observed at 20 ppm on day 21 and 15 ppm on day 14, respectively, while for the fungi isolates, P. notatum showed highest biosorption rate for cadmium at 10 ppm with 77.67%. Aspergillus niger showed highest biosorption rate for nickel with 81.07% after 28 days of incubation. The results of this study revealed the ability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to biosorb copper and chromium and also A. niger and P. notatum to biosorb cadmium and nickel from the environment and can be developed for the biosorption of soils polluted with copper, chromium, cadmium and nickel.