A Literature Review of the Impact of Thermal Decomposition Products Generated by Halon Replacements on Electronic Equipment (original) (raw)
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FIRE AND MATERIAL, 2017
Among various gaseous fire extinguishing agents, the halocarbon clean agent is known as an environment-friendly nontoxic fire extinguishing agent having a low environmental influence and harmfulness. However, as researches on the influence of the halogenated compound clean fire extinguishing agent on thermal decomposition products (hydrogen fluoride (HF), carbonyl fluoride (COF 2)) make progress, the harmfulness and the secondary damages caused by the corrosiveness of HF. In this research, the quantity/tendency of thermal decomposition products produced by halocarbon clean agents (HFC-125, HFC-227ea, FK-5-1-12) was measured to analyze their harmfulness to life as well as their corrosiveness. According to the analyzed results, highly corrosive HF increased as the size of the fire increased, and corrosive-ness of the metal samples increased as well. However, the concentration level of HF and COF 2 indicated different tendencies depending on the fire extinguishing agent. In particular, for the case of HFC-125, approximately 1000 ppm of COF 2 indicating a toxicity level higher than that indicated by HF was produced as the fire size, and this proves that this agent is very harmful to life. Accordingly, it is necessary to conduct a number of researches for thermal decomposition products on harmfulness of HF and on COF 2 as well. KEYWORDS carbonyl fluoride, halocarbon clean agent, harmfulness and corrosiveness, hydrogen fluoride, thermal decomposition products
Status of Research & Testing to Replace Halon Extinguishing Agents in Civil Aviation
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), working with the civil aviation community through the FAA-sponsored International Aircraft Systems Fire Protection Working Group, has developed Minimum Performance Standards (MPS) for halon replacement agents that primarily describe full-scale fire tests to demonstrate equivalent fire-extinguishing effectiveness with the halon fire-extinguishing agents currently used in lavatories, hand-held extinguishers, engines/auxiliary power units and cargo compartments. This paper reviews the status of this effort with emphasis placed on the following recent accomplishments. A revision to an existing Advisory Circular was developed that prescribes the quantities of halon replacement agents that can be safely discharged from a hand-held extinguisher to extinguish an in-flight fire in any civil aircraft, with due consideration given to volume, ventilation rate, and cabin pressure. In accordance with the draft MPS for Engines and Auxiliary Power Units, t...
Options to the Use of Halons for Aircraft Fire Suppression Systems—2012 Update
This report reflects the many changes that have occurred in the aircraft fire suppression arena since the last update was published in 2002. Changes have occurred in regulatory restrictions, commercialized halocarbon replacements, halocarbon replacements in development, alternative technologies, and the evaluation of fire fighting effectiveness for the four primary aircraft onboard applications: (1) engine nacelles, (2) hand-held extinguishers, (3) cargo compartments, and (4) lavatory protection. Test-based fire suppression halon equivalency guidance is provided for these applications.
Feasibility of Systematic Recycling of Aircraft Halon Extinguishing Agents
1991
: This study was performed to determine the feasibility of recycling Halon 1301 extinguishing agent for support of the United States civil aircraft fleet until 2020. Research for this study centered around known relationships of refrigerants; scientific principles of Avogadro, Dalton, Henry, Raoult, and natural physical properties of Halon 1301. results of this study demonstrate that recovery of Halon 1301 to military specification purity requirements is practical. Agent recovery efficiency of 98 percent (minimum) can be expected; and the recovered agent can meet applicable purity requirements, except for a maximum noncondensible gas content of 10 pounds per square inch partial pressure at 70 degrees Fahrenheit. Support of current and future United States domestic civil fleet until 2020 and beyond requires less than 5 percent of the projected 1994 Halon 1301 bank.