Estimation of organochlorine pesticides and heavy metal residues in two species of mostly consumed fish in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt Amany Abdel-Rahman Mohamed1,*) (original) (raw)
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Toxicological Research
Levels of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) residues in tilapia fish and their health risk associated with the consumption of fish from Edko lake, Egypt were determined. The quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe method (QuEChERS) was used for extraction and clean-up of 18 OCPs residues from fish followed by GC-ECD and GC-ITD analytical tools were employed for identification of OPs. Out of the 18 OCPs, only heptachlorepoxide, p,p-DDE, dieldrin, p,p-DDD, and endrin ketone were detected in muscles of fish with concentrations of 0.1144, 0.2119, 0.4352, 0.1196, and 0.1323 µg/Kg bw, respectively. Results of the risk assessment calculations showed that dieldrin had a health risk index of more than one. This means that there was a health risk to adults associated with the consumption of fish. On the other hand, heptachlorepoxide, p,p-DDE, p,p-DDD, and endrin ketone did not show any direct health risk. Contamination of fish, collected from Edko lake in Egypt, with residues of OCPs m...
Water Science and Technology, 1995
In a full scale experimental study, raw sewage from the City of Suez, Egypt was treated using a stabilization pond system. Fish grown in the treated sewage was compared with fish from one of the farms which receives contaminated surface water in Lake Manzala. Organochlorine pesticides were detected at higher levels in fish from Lake Manzala farms, than in fish reared in the treated sewage of the City of Suez. The highest levels were due to p,p'DDT and its metabolites, followed by Lindane and HCB. Furthermore, the concentrations ofPb and Cd were significantly higher in the fish from the Lake Manzala farm. than in the fish from Suez. In addition, the concentration levels of Pb and Cd in the fish from Lake Manzala exceeded the international contaminant limits for human consumption. In general, fish grown in this region have high levels of pesticides and metal contaminants. It is interesting to note that in spite of possible cultural bias against fish grown in treated sewage effluents, have lower levels of toxic chemicals than some of the marketed fish, harvested from polluted surface waters.
Studies on Pesticides Residues in Fish in Menofia Governorate
A total of 90 samples of fish (each 45 samples of Tilapia Nilotica and 45Claris Lazera) were collected from EL-Bagoria canal, EL-Menofy drainage and Bahr Shibin in Menofia governorate and analyzed to detect and determine Organochlorine (DDT, aldrin and dieldrin) and organophosphorus (diazinon, Malathion and chlorpyrifos). Organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides could not be detected in Bahr Shibin while mean value of DDT in Tilapia Nilotica from EL-Bagoria canal was 0.37±0.09, aldrin was 0.33±0.03and dieldrin was 0.50±0.20 while in EL-Menofy drainage mean level of DDT was 0.34±0.07, aldrin was 0.40±0.08 and dieldrin was0.40±0.13. While in Claris Lazera samples from EL-Bagoria canal mean level of DDT was 0.40±0.46, aldrin was 0.25±0.07and dieldrin was 0.34±0.08 while from EL-Menofy drainage mean value of DDT was 0.27±0.05, aldrin was 0.30±0.07 and dieldrin was 0.48±0.10. Concerning organophosphorus compounds, no diazinon was recorded in Tilapia Nilotica from EL-Bagoria while mean level of Malathion from EL-Bagoria was 5.50±2.0, the mean level of chlorpyrifos was 5.0±1.66.whie from EL-Menofy drainage the mean level of diazinon was 3.33±0.65, the mean level of Malathion was 4.98±1.22 ,the mean level of chlorpyrifos was 3.0±0.71.while in Claris Lazera samples from EL-Bagoria there were no diazinon , no Malathion no chlorpyrifos while from EL-Menofy drainage ,the mean level of diazinon was 6.8± 1.42 , the mean level of Malathion was 4..64±0.81 and the mean level of chlorpyrifos was 4.0±0.96. Pesticides are one the main contaminants of water sources that act as the natural environment of fish. On the other hand, fish contaminated by pesticides either directly by gills breathing or indirectly through contamination of feeding items, so it is very important to analyze fish samples to detect to what extent the rate of accumulation of pesticides residues in fish flesh and organs.
Organochlorine contamination in some marketable fish in Egypt
Chemosphere, 2004
Ten organochlorine compounds were analyzed in four species of fish (Bouri Mugil spp., Denis Sparus auratus, Moza Boops boops and Mousa Pegusa lascaris), from four Egyptian governorates (South Sinai, Suez, Port-Said and Demietta). Although all fish studied are bottom or near-bottom feeders, remarkable variations between studied species were noticed. The grand total values recorded at the studied governorates were in descending order: Bouri > Denis > Moza > Mousa. The highest concentration of pesticides was recorded in Demietta governorate fish (20-211 ng/g of wet weight) and the p,p 0 -DDE dominated over the other p,p 0 -isomers in all studied fish, while dieldrin was the dominated in the studied cyclodiene compounds. However, hexachlorobenzene (HCB) occurred at all studied governorate fish except Mousa fish from South Sinai. Toxaphene was detected only in fish (Bouri, Denis, and Mousa) from Demietta governorate. Chlordane was not detected in any studied fish. The level of organochlorine pesticides contamination in fish from the studied governorates is relatively low and should not pose a health risk to consumers.
Food and Chemical …, 2011
Organochlorine pesticide (OCP) concentrations were determined in fish muscle and feed collected from four different fish farms in Brazil. Nile tilapia from two growth stages, juveniles and adults, collected at two intensive tanks farms (IT1 and IT2) and two net cage farms (NC1 and NC2), were analyzed by High Resolution Gas Chromatography/High Resolution Mass Spectrometry. Pesticides were detected in almost all samples, but no samples exceeded international maximum limits for safe fish consumption. RDDT was the predominant pesticide in fish muscle, found in all fish samples, and endosulfan was the most predominant pesticide in feed, found in all feed samples. No significant correlation (p > 0.05) was observed between the different growth stages and OCP concentrations, although slightly higher OCP concentrations were observed in adults. Among the rearing systems, NC farmed fish presented higher lipid levels and, consequently, higher OCP concentrations than fish from IT farms. Some OCPs (RHCH, aldrin, dieldrin and endrin) presented strong positive correlations (p < 0.05) between feed and fish muscle concentrations, while others (RDDT, mirex, chlordane, RHCB and endosulfan) presented no correlation. However, the low levels of the sum of contaminants found in most of the feed samples may explain the low contaminant levels in fish tissue.
Assessment of organochlorine pesticides residues in fish sold in Abidjan markets and fishing sites
African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, 2010
This study aimed to investigate the organochlorine pesticide residues in fish sold in markets and fishing sites in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. Pesticides are not only used in agriculture but also in public health for the prevention of malaria. However, pesticide residues may be found in foodstuffs. Contamination of foods by pesticides can give rise to carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic effects. Pesticides are also accountable for toxic effects on the nervous, immune, reproductive, renal, hepatic and hematopoietic systems. For the present study, one hundred fish specimens representing five fish species collected from markets and fishing sites were analyzed. Analyses were performed with the help of a Gas Chromatograph (GC), brand Agilent Instruments 6890N equipped with two micro-electrons capture detectors (µECD), two Zebron capillary columns (ZB-5MS and ZB-1701P; 30 m x 0.25 mm x 0.25 µ m), an automatic injector and monitored by a microcomputer equipped with the ChemStation plus software version 2002. The injection was done in Splitless mode and Nitrogen N50 was used as vector gas. Of the 16 organochlorine pesticides considered in this study, 11 were present in the samples analyzed, at various concentrations ranging from 0.4 to 14.4 µg.kg-1 of fresh product. Samples were mostly contaminated by Dichloro Diphenyl Dichloroethane (DDD). The catfish, with a total average concentration (27.2 µg.kg-1 of fresh product) was the most contaminated species. Heads (27.8 µg.kg-1 of fresh product) and viscera (17.5 µg.kg-1 of fresh product) were, respectively the most contaminated parts of the fish species analyzed. The fishing port of Vridi was the most contaminated site. The species collected on this site presented a total average concentration of 24.4 µg.kg-1 of fresh product. The comparison of total concentration mean of organochlorine pesticides in species collected, with the maximum residue limits (MRL) set for the fishery products, suggests that health risks faced by populations in Abidjan through fish consumption are currently low.
2021
Substantial quantity of fish has been imported to Bangladesh without adequate food safety assessment which can pose a serious health risk to local people. This study analyzed the trace metals and organochlorine pesticides residues and the associated human health risk in 33 imported fishes (9 species) from four countries (India, Myanmar, Oman and United Arab Emirates) collected from three different ports (Benapole, Bhomra, and Chittagong) of Bangladesh with invoice lists from the port authorities. Trace metal concentrations were determined using graphite furnace absorption spectrometry and flame absorption spectrometry. The two organochlorine pesticides (Aldrin and Chlordane) residues were determined by GC-MS and found as below detection level (BDL). The trace metal concentrations (mg/kg-ww) in imported fish samples ranged as: As: 0.008 to 0.558; Pb: 0.004 to 0.070; Cr: 0.010 to 0.109; Cd: 0.00 to 0.083; Ni: 0.011 to 0.059; Co: BDL to 0.067; Mn: BDL to 0.0780; Fe: 1.780 to 10.77; Cu:...
Organochlorine Residues in Fish in Rural Areas
Article
A total of 45 samples of fish (Tilapia Nilotica and Claris Lazera) were collected from EL-Bagoria canal and EL-Menofy drainage and Bahr Shibin for detection and determination of Organochlorine pesticides (DDT, aldrin and dieldrin). Organochlorine pesticides could not be detected in Bahr Shibin while mean value of DDT in Tilapia Nilotica from EL-Bagoria canal was 0.37±0.09, mean level of aldrin was 0.33±0.03 and mean level of dieldrin was 0.50±0.20 while in EL-Menofy drainage mean level of DDT was 0.34±0.07, mean level of aldrin was 0.40±0.08 and mean level of dieldrin was 0.40±0.13. While in Claris Lazera samples from EL-Bagoria canal mean level of DDT was 0.40±0.06, mean level of aldrin was 0.25±0.07and mean level of dieldrin was 0. 34±0.08 while from EL-Menofy drainage mean value of DDT was 0.27±0.05, mean level of aldrin was 0.30±0.07 and mean level of dieldrin was 0.48±0.10. Pesticides are major pollutant of water sources which are considered the natural habitat of fish On the other hand , fish could be contaminated by pesticides either directly by gills breathing or indirectly through contamination of feeding items so it is very important to analyze fish samples to detect to what extent the rate of accumulation of pesticides residues in fish flesh and organs.
Multi Pesticide and PCB Residues in Nile Catfish and Tilapia in Assiut City , Egypt Doha Yahia
2013
Received at: 2/6/2013 Accepted: 10/7/2013 The current study investigated the levels of multi pesticide residues in the highly consumed types of Nile fish in Egypt; tilapia and cat fish. Total of 50 Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and 50 African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) collected from two areas in Assiut city, where most industries are situated beside the agricultural activities and raising farm animals are the main activities. The first area; Elwasta, there is a facility of electrical power station, and the second area; Mankbad in which the cement factory is there. Fish samples were analyzed by High Resolution Gas Chromatography/ Mass Spectrometry. Average pesticide residues concentrations ± SE in muscle of tilapia and catfish (n = 10 pooled samples with five fish each) was determined. The results indicated the presence of different types of organophosphorous (OPs), organochlorine (OCs), polychlorinated biphenyles (PCBs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and trifluralin pesticides i...
Multi pesticide and PCB residues in Nile tilapia and catfish in Assiut city, Egypt
The Science of the total environment, 2014
The current study investigated the levels of multi pesticide residues in the highly consumed types of Nile fish in Egypt: tilapia and cat fish. A total of 50 Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and 50 African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) were collected from two areas in Assiut city, where most industries are situated and where agricultural activities and raising of farm animals are the main activities. In the first area, Elwasta, there is an electrical power station, and the second area, Mankbad, there is a cement factory. Fish samples were analyzed by High Resolution Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry. Average pesticide residue concentrations±SE in muscle of tilapia and catfish (n = 10 pooled samples with five fish each) were determined. The results indicated the presence of different types of organophosphorous (OPs), organochlorine (OC), polychlorinated biphenyles (PCBs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and trifluralin pesticides in Elwasta and Mankbad in varying degrees. Diazenon was ...