Understanding Geographic Differences in Child Care Multipliers: Unpacking IMPLAN's Modeling Methodology (original) (raw)
Economic Development Quarterly, 2006
Regional economic developers typically use input-output modeling to compare the linkage effects of different targets for economic development policy. Using inputoutput models for all 50 states in the United States, the authors compare child care linkage effects to economy-wide averages and median multiplier values for agriculture, manufacturing, and services. Multiplier analysis shows that child care linkage effects are similar to these more typical targets for economic development policy and provides one more reason why child care should be included as part of economic development policy.
Economic development policy and local services: The case of child care
International Journal of …, 2005
Increased attention is being given to the role of local services, such as child care, in economic development. While not considered a driver for growth, we argue such services are a critical component of a balanced economic development strategy. We discuss various perspectives on conceptualizing the role of local service sectors: as exports, as import substitution, as human capital investments and as social infrastructure for the broader economy. We construct inputoutput models for each of the 50 U.S. states and find linkage effects for these local sectors are similar or higher than other sectors that are more typical targets for economic development policy. We recommend economic development policy include support for local service sectors such as child care.
A Regional Comparative Static CGE Analysis of Subsidized Child Care
Growth and Change, 2007
Concerns with the equity of societal income distribution typically underpin the provision of government subsidies to low-income households, in which such subsidies are commonly believed to reduce economic growth. Using a regional computable general equilibrium (CGE) model, this study examines the equity and growth aspects of subsidizing formal child care services for low-income households at the state level. The results suggest that state government subsidization of formal child care services does not necessarily reduce the level of economic activity, even when accounting for negative growth effects of tax increases required to finance the subsidies. The CGE model also reveals economic impacts on households and industry sectors not directly affected by the subsidies, impacts that would be omitted from a partial equilibrium microeconometric appraisal.
Subsidized Child Care in Massachusetts: Exploring Geography, Access, and Equity
2018
Affordable child care is a crucial support for working parents, and the early educational experiences thatoccur in child care and preschool settings are equally crucial for children's development. In 2014, theChild Care Development Block Grant (CCDBG), which funds the Child Care Development Fund (CCDF)1--the largest federal source of funding assistance for low-income working parents to secure affordable,quality child care--was reauthorized. With reauthorization came new provisions requiring states to worktowards more equal access to care and increased supply of high quality, affordable care. Motivated bythese provisions, policymakers and researchers are paying increasing attention to issues related to childcare access and supply, and are in pressing need of research, conceptual frameworks, measurementstrategies, data sources, and technologies to better understand, measure, monitor, and address issues ofincreased and equal access to quality, affordable car
Space to Learn and Grow: Assessing the Capacity of a Regional Early Care and Education System
Child & Youth Care Forum, 2008
As communities across the United States work to meet the early care and education needs of young children, more research is needed to inform decision making at many levels. One key dimension of this is having clarity about the relative availability of care in light of demographic trends and geographic dispersion. The present study demonstrates a method to examine the capacity of early care programs to serve the children in a large urban county. The study takes stock of the existing early care system by comparing where the child care slots are and where the demand is-all at the neighborhood level. The existing capacity to meet the needs of 3-5 year olds could provide slots for approximately 70% of all children, though there are spatial imbalances in the location of supply and demand. The study illustrates the effective use of administrative and Census-based data to inform policy planning for children and identifies several key implications for this type of effort.
How Small are Small Markets? Location Choice and Geographical Market Size for Child Care Services
2018
In this article we propose an innovative way of delineating geographical markets based on easily accessible data. We apply this concept for the day care industry and investigate providers’ location choices relative to local market characteristics to evaluate the widespread presumption that local markets for child care services are geographically very small. Using a panel of all day care centers for the metropolitan region of Vienna, Austria, for nearly a decade, as well as geographically extremely disaggregated data on the spatial distribution of children under the age of six at the 250m × 250m grid cell level, we find that the location of children and day care centers are strongly related, but this relationship diminishes as soon as the distance between a child’s place of residence and the day care center’s location increases. We conclude that geographical markets for day care services in metropolitan regions are indeed very small (about 500m or 550 yards).