ANALYSIS OF REGRESSION RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE NUMBER OF OBJECTS OF THE RUSSIAN REGIONAL INNOVATION AND THE UNIVERSITY INFRASTRUCTURE AND REGIONAL MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS (original) (raw)
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2016
We took databases of the National Information and Analytical Center for monitoring innovation infrastructure of scientific and technological activities and regional innovation systems and the Web portal of innovation and business information support "Innovations and entrepreneurship", Webometrics database according to rankings of all Russian universities, as well as the database of the Russian Federal State Statistics Service on the gross regional product for all regions of Russia as an empirical basis in order to determine the regression relationship between the number of organisations of the regional innovation and university infrastructure and the gross regional product. Data on the first two innovation databases had been collected as of the end of December 2014, and the distribution of universities according to the Russian regions was made according to Webometrics data (July, 2015) and university websites. Initially high determination coefficients R2 obtained in the co...
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 2016
Objectives: The article is aimed at elaborating proposals for the development of innovation infrastructure of universities with a view to maximize their participation in the processes of innovation economy of the regions. Method: Statistical analysis of the data on self-evaluation reports of more than forty Russian universities and their rating functionality for 2015 were used in order to achieve the objectives of the study. These methods allow analyzing a complex relationship of the universities' revenue part and the control of intellectual property, the universities' rating functionality and degree of innovation development in the regions. Findings: The article presents the results of the research carried out for the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia in 2015 on the theme "Research and Analysis of the Strategic Programs for Economic and Industrial Development of Regions for the purposes of elaborating a package of measures to include the results of innovative, academic and technological activities of universities in the economic activity of the constituent units of the Russian Federation (implementation of the bailout plan of the Government of the Russian Federation)." The article also justified proposals for the development of innovation infrastructure of Russian universities with a view to maximize participation in the processes of the regional innovation economy. The necessity of raising the level of universities' income derived from intellectual property management; dependence of university's scientific and technological potential indicators on its development efficiency factor, the innovative activity of regions where they are located; the need to create mechanisms of integration of regional enterprises and universities for implementing the results of innovation activities of universities in the production. Improvements: Materials of the article shall determine the factor of innovation infrastructure development of Russian universities, their influence on the development of innovative component of regions.
The article presents a matrix of pairwise correlations for 26 regions of the Central and NorthWest Federal Districts of Russia between ten scientific-innovation and macroeconomic indicators comprising a number of objects of the innovation infrastructure according to two databases, a number of universities, university potential which had been calculated based on Webometric rankings of universities, a number of Scopus-publications in universities of the regions during the year 2015, and, in general, the Gross Regional Product, a number of population, the Gross Regional Product per capita, population density. In all cases there were obtained high values of Pearson's Correlation Coefficient. It has been concluded that a high level of scientific-innovation development of regions is based on a high degree of social-economic development of their urbanized territories that is the Gross Regional Product and a number of population, rather than the reverse.
COMPARING THE FEDERAL DISTRICTS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION BY THEIR REGIONAL INNOVATION PERFORMANCE
Proccedings of SPBPU IDE-2021: 3rd International Scientific Conference on Innovations in Digital Economy Saint - Petersburg Russian Federation October 14 - 15, 2021, 2021
According to the Russian Federation's innovative development strategy, innovations, modernization of innovation processes, and navigating the national economy towards an innovation course are the central points that can make the national economy grow, increase competitiveness, form an appropriate innovation climate and mutual integration of the processes taking place in R&D, education and business. The mapping out of regional strategies for innovative development is directly related to analytical support and investigation of the specifics and dynamics of the regional capacity for innovation. Disproportionality is among the central problems of innovative development in Russia. The intensity and effectiveness of innovation activities can be clearly seen in the regions that are the drivers of economic growth. Among such regions are the Central, Northwestern and Volga Federal Districts. Another problem of innovative development is that the processes of translating information, knowledge and innovations from the leading regions to other ones are not very well formed. As a result, regional innovative development becomes isolated. Moreover, the problem is aggravated by insufficient involvement of business, lack of interaction and engagement of educational and R&D spheres, inefficient innovation infrastructure. To make strategic projects effective, it is necessary to study comprehensively not just the capacity for innovation, but also the indicators that form it. This paper provides the results of the calculation, study and comparison of the RF federal districts' capacity for innovation.
Innovation as a factor of regional economic growth: evidence from Russia
Innovation management and corporate sustainability. IMACS 2015. Proceedings of the 3rd International conference. 21-22 May, 2015. Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, Praha, Czech Republic. pp. 251-262 The aim of the research is to determine which factors of innovation are relevant to generate economic growth at the regional level and which to reap the benefits. The new growth theories suggest that the source to increase returns may be agglomerations as geographic concentrations of knowledge. The paper analyses the concentrations of knowledge as agglomerations of expenditure on Research and Development, and on science and technology. It entails the number of scientists and engineers, scientific and technological personnel of innovation enterprises in the various Russian regions. The Exploratory Factor Analysis method is used to examine the structure of the innovation inputs and outputs. The paper empirically evaluates the impact of innovation factors on the economic growth in the regions and proposes the strategy to improve efficiency of the regional innovation system.
On the Introduction of the Innovation System in the Eastern Regions of the Russian Federation
DEStech Transactions on Social Science, Education and Human Science, 2020
The aim of the research is to identify the role of the Siberian and Far East regions of the Russian Federation in the innovative potential and to rank these regions according to their innovative activity. Employing multivariate analysis methods, the authors conclude that with a small share of enterprises engaged in innovations, funds spent for these purposes, and the lowest volumes of innovative products in the country, the regions farthest from the central European part have significant total innovative potential, ranking second and third in innovative activity among other federal districts of Russia. Based on the results of the component analysis of the general economic infrastructure availability, a rating of the eastern regions that are part of the Siberian and Far Eastern Federal District is compiled.
Role of Universities in the Regional Innovation System Formation
2014
In the matter of universities formation as the major subjects of the state innovative activity, it is necessary to consider separately their role in development of the regional innovation system. It is important to implement the model of «Triple Helix» which extends to the formation and development of the regional innovation system (hereinafter RIS). Both Western and Russian scholars pay their attention to the meaning of RIS and role of university for RIS development. In general, according to the authors, the RIS is either a complex or the institutions or the organizations (or the institutional infrastructure) that are the base of the region’s innovative development. There are a lot of approaches to the definition of RIS, but our analysis of the different views on the essence of RIS shows several common features, and thus we would like to highlight the following. The changes taking place in higher education not only in Russia, but around the world, demand new infrastructure of unive...
Determinants of Regional Innovation in Russia: Are People or Capital More Important
Spending on innovation increased annually in the 2000s in Russia’s regions, but innovation productivity varies greatly between regions. In the current climate of sanctions between Russia and Western countries and limitations on international technology transfer, there is a growing need to analyse the factors influencing regional innovation. Previous empirical studies using a knowledge production function approach have found that the main factor of the growth of regional innovation is increasing spending on research and development (R&D). Our econometric analyses show that the quality of human capital, a product of the number of economically active urban citizens with a higher education (the so-called creative class) has the greatest influence on the number of potentially commercializable patents. Other significant factors were buying equipment, which indicates a high rate of wear and tear of Russian machinery, and spending on basic research. The ‘centre-periphery’ structure of Russia’s innovation system favours the migration of highly qualified researchers to leading regions, which weakens the potential of the ‘donor regions’. However, at the same time, we see significantly fewer limitations on knowledge spillovers in the form of patents and — in this case — proximity to the ‘centres’ is a positive factor.
Innovation potential of regional economy as a basis to build Russia’s national innovation system
2018
The paper focuses on innovation development of the Russian economy and formation of the national innovation system that ensures effective use of innovation potential and incentives for its growth. To build single innovation environment of the South Federal District aimed at effective innovation potential implementation within regional innovation systems it is recommended to strengthen integration of regions, public authorities, educational and research institutions, and industrial enterprises. Innovation potential implementation at the regional level has become a priority for state and local authorities which allows to set a path towards sustainable economic growth.
Developing the Regional Knowledge Economy Index: a Case of Russian Regions
Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 2019
The knowledge economy has come a long way before becoming one of the fundamental concepts in scientific and political discourse. The World Bank and the OECD analyze the level of development of the knowledge economy at the global level. However, the transformation of the economy at the regional level is also very important, largely because of the general tendency towards regionalization. This issue is particularly acute for emerging and post-communist countries (including Russia), which are in the process of transition to a market economy. Grounding on the World Bank’s Knowledge Economy Index indicators, the authors developed the Russian Regional Knowledge Economy Index (Russian RKEI). The authors allocated the leading and lagging groups of regions regarding the knowledge economy development as well as the fastest-growing regions. The authors identified critical success factors in the modernization of regional economic systems. Besides, the authors marked the negative trend in the development of the knowledge economy in more than half of Russian regions. On the one hand, this is due to the economic crisis and a reduction in investment; on the other hand, institutional problems continue to restrain economic development. The results can be used in further theoretical and applied studies for both Russia and other transition economies.