PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Abundance and composition of zooplankton in the Straits of Malacca (original) (raw)
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A review of the zooplankton in Singapore waters
2014
Abstract. The island of Singapore is located between 1°09'N–1°29'N and 103°38'E–104°06'E at the confluence of the Malacca Straits and the South China Sea. To date, both the marine and freshwater zooplanktons of this area are poorly studied, and availability of taxonomic identification is scarce. Moreover, most of the studies were published between the 1950s to the beginning of the 1970s. The available data are mainly qualitative, with only a few studies on zooplankton biology and ecology. Here, the literature on zooplankton communities in Singapore waters is reviewed in order to provide a baseline for future zooplankton surveys, and to better understand the aquatic ecosystems of this area. Also included are recent data obtained from a one-year plankton monitoring in 2012 from two marine stations in Singapore. The temporal variation of the plankton groups was observed in the study to be similar to what was described in some works from the 1970s. The species richness i...
The dynamics in zooplankton abundance were regulated by changes in water physical-chemical parameters and interaction with biotic factors. In this research we examined the relationship between zooplankton community dynamic and important biotic factors, such as predation and food availability, in Jakarta bay. Plankton samplings were done in 10 sampling stations in Jakarta bay, from July to November 2009. Zooplankton samples were collected using horizontal towing method with NORPAC plankton net (mesh size 300 µm). Salinity, water depth, water temperature, and water transparency were measured. Phytoplankton samples were also collected with the same method as zooplankton, using Kitahara plankton net (mesh size 80 µm). Zooplankton taxas were grouped into two groups, the prey and predatory zooplankton. The results showed that there were two different patterns in zooplankton groups dynamic i.e., the single and double peak. The abundance peak in most zooplankton groups, such as copepods, ci...
Spatial Distribution Trend of Plankton in Sungai Pulai Estuary, the Straits of Johor, Malaysia
A spatial distribution study was carried out to investigate the influence of some environmental factors to planktons using collected samples from the Sungai Pulai estuary, near to the Singapore boarder. Six stations chosen for the field sampling were Port Tanjung Pelepas (S1), Tanjung Bin Charcoal Plant (S2), seagrasses of Pulau Merambong (S4) and Second-Link Bridge (S5) and mangrove areas (S3, S6). There is no significant difference of phytoplankton abundance (p>0.05) between stations. Instead, it differs significantly at the level of p<0.05; p= 0.0001 (Two tailed, t=14.10 df=34) between sampling session. In contrast, there is a significant difference of zooplankton abundance (p<0.05) in the sampling stations (χ 2 = 17.3,(5)), but there is no significant difference (p>0.05; p=0.8966) between the sampling session (Two tailed, t=0.1310, df=34). Biplot analysis shows that most species are associated with the stations except for Protoperidinium sp., Lithodesmia sp. and Alexendrium sp. Copepod species including Microcalanus sp., Calanus sp. and Temora sp. are associated with S5. Paracalanus sp., Euterpina sp., Tigriopus sp., Oithona sp. and Pseudocalanus sp. are associated with S1, S2 and S4. The planktons are correlated with the temperature (Pearson's correlation, r 2 =-0.897) and salinity (Pearson's correlation, r 2 =0.9416) in March but no correlation is found in November sampling session. The results indicated the important role of certain environmental factors, namely the salinity and temperature to the distribution of the planktons in Sungai Pulai estuary. ABSTRAK Suatu kajian taburan reruang telah dijalankan untuk meninjau pengaruh alam sekitar ke atas plankton menggunakan sampel plankton yang diperoleh dari muara Sungai Pulai, berhampiran sempadan Singapura. Sebanyak enam stesen pensampelan telah dipilih iaitu Pelabuhan Tanjung Pelepas (S1), Kilang Arang Tanjung Bin (S2), kawasan rumput laut Pulau Merambong (S4) dan juga Jambatan Lingkaran ke-2 (S5)serta kawasan hutan bakau (S3, S6). Tiada perbezaan bererti bagi kelimpahan fitoplankton (p>0.05) antara stesen (χ 2 = 5.547,(5)) tetapi perbezaan bererti didapati pada tahap p<0.05; p= 0.0001 (Two tailed, t=14.10 df=34) antara sesi pensampelan. Sebagai bandingan, terdapat perbezaan bererti untuk kelimpahan zooplankton (p<0.05) di antara stesen (χ 2 = 17.3,(5)) tetapi zooplankton tidak menunjukkan perbezaan bererti (p>0.05; p=0.8966) antara sesi pensampelan (Two tailed, t=0.1310, df=34). Analisis biplot pula menunjukkan kebanyakan spesies fitoplankton berkait dengan stesen-stesen kecuali Protoperidinium sp., Lithodesmia sp. dan Alexendrium sp. Spesies Kopepod termasuk Microcalanus sp., Calanus sp. dan Temora sp. berkait dengan S5. Paracalanus sp., Euterpina sp., Tigriopus sp., Oithona sp. dan Pseudocalanus sp. menunjukkan kaitannya dengan S1, S2 dan S4. Plankton adalah berkait dengan suhu (Pearson's correlation, r 2 =-0.897) dan kemasinan (Pearson's correlation, r 2 =0.9416) dalam bulan Mac tetapi tiada kaitan ditunjukkan pada bulan November. Keputusan kajian ini menunjukkan kepentingan peranan faktor persekitaran tertentu iaitu kemasinan dan suhu terhadap taburan plankton di kawasan muara Sungai Pulai.
Proceedings of the Aquatic Science Colloquium 2016: Experiences Sharing in Aquatic Science Research IV: Malaysia Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) Cruise and other Aquatic Science Research, 2016
This study was carried out on the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of phytoplankton and zooplankton species and the selected water quality parameters (i.e. temperature, dissolved oxygen, salinity, turbidity and chlorophyll-a) that affects its distribution in Malaysian Economic Exclusive Zone (EEZ) of Sarawak waters. The water samples were collected during M.V. SEAFDEC 2 cruise from the 15 sampling stations at 0 to 20 m depth range. During the study period, a total of 33 genera of phytoplankton and zooplankton were determined. Seventeen of genera of phytoplankton were identified that comprised of diatoms (6), dinoflagellates (9) and cyanobacteria (2). Abundances of phytoplankton found to be different at sampling stations as cyanobacteria was found higher at station nearer to coastal with shallow water depth (55-70% of total density), whereas, diatoms was dominated at deeper water depth (60-80% total density). Rhizosolenia sp., Thalassionema sp., Coscinodiscus sp. Ceratium sp., Ornithocercus sp., Protoperidinium sp. and Oscillatoria sp. were most observed phytoplankton during this study. For zooplankton, copepods were the most found with 81% of total zooplankton recorded from study sites and 19% comprised of nauplii. A total of fifteen copepods species were identified and Oithona sp., Paracalanus sp. and Corycaeus sp. were determined at most sampling stations. In general, water quality parameters were recorded within the standard values as temperature was ranged between 27.0 to 29.0 °C, dissolved oxygen between 4.3 to 6.7 mg/L, the salinity between 35.1 to 36.8 PSU and the turbidity between 0 to 0.9 NTU, respectively. Meanwhile, concentration of chlorophyll-a was detected higher at shallow depth with 0.70-4.52μg/L as cyanobacteria and diatoms found to be high in densities.