Implication of Cockroaches as Vectors of Gastrointestinal Parasites in Parts of Osogbo, Southwestern Nigeria (original) (raw)
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2012
Cockroaches are one of the ubiquitous insects around human residential areas and their filthy habits make them to be potential carriers of pathogens. In this study, we document the potential health risks associated with cockroaches as mechanical vectors of medically important gastro-intestinal parasites in Osogbo, Southwestern Nigeria. The body surface and the faecal samples of the cockroaches collected from residential area and hospital vicinity were screened for the parasites between November 2011 and February 2012. Thirteen (23.63%) of the 55 cockroaches collected in residential area harboured gastro-intestinal parasites while 16 (35.55%) of the 45 cockroaches from hospital vicinity harboured parasites. Cysts / ova of six gastro-intestinal parasites namely cyst of Entamoeba hystolitica, cysts of Balantidium coli, ova of Ascaris lumbricoides, cyst of E. coli, ova of Enterobius vermicularis and ova of hookworm were encountered in the body surface and faecal samples of the cockroach...
Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases, 2018
Background: Domiciliary cockroaches are obnoxious pests of significant medical importance. We investigated the prevalence of human intestinal parasites in cockroaches and its attendant public health importance. Methods: Overall, 749 cockroaches (Periplaneta americana, 509, Blattella germanica, 240) caught by trapping from 120 households comprising 3 different housing types in Somolu, Lagos metropolis, southwest Nigeria, in 2015 were screened for human intestinal parasites using standard parasitological techniques. Results: The prevalence of human intestinal parasites in cockroaches was 96.4%. There was no statistically significant difference (P> 0.05) in parasite prevalences between P. americana (95.7%) and B. germanica (97.9%). Parasite species identified and their prevalence were as follows: Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (44.1%), E. coli (37.8%), Giardia lamblia (18.7%), Cryptosporidium sp. (13.8%), Ascaris lumbricoides (61.3%), Trichuris trichiura (55.8%), hookworms (11.6%), ...
A study was conducted to determine the role of cockroaches as potential carriers of parasites of medical importance in Arkilla Federal Low Cost, Sokoto, Nigeria from October 2011 to February 2012. A total of 218 cockroaches, comprising of two species were collected from different locations using sweep net and examined for human intestinal parasites using the concentration method. The dominant cockroach species was Periplaneta americana 145 (66.51%) followed by Blatta orientalis 73 (33.49%). Six medically important parasites were encountered in the following order Entamoeba histolytica (40.83%), Ascaris lumbricoides (28.40%), Enterobius Vermicularis (15.98%), Schistosoma mansoni (9.48%), S. haematobium (2.95%) and Trichuris trichura (2.36%). There was no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) in the isolates between cockroach species and stage of development. However significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed between sexes and sites of cockroach collection. Therefore, as cockroaches continue to constitute important reservoir for infectious pathogens, control measures instituted in toilets, kitchens; and targeting especially the females and both stages of development of cockroach could substantially minimize the spread of infectious diseases in the study area.
Parasite Infestation of Cockroaches in Bali Town, Taraba State, Nigeria
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CURRENT RESEARCHES IN SCIENCES, SOCIAL SCIENCES AND LANGUAGES
Cockroaches constitute a major public health problem as they are mechanical vectors of human intestinal parasites and other disease causing microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi and viruses. This study was carried out to evaluate the prevalence and distribution of parasites vectored by cockroaches (Periplaneta americana) in Bali Town between the months of May and October, 2023. A total of 540 adult cockroaches were collected from bedrooms, parlors, kitchen and toilets within households using sticky traps and hand catch method. The specimens were subjected to standard parasitological techniques for the isolation of endo and ecto-parasites. Out of 540 Periplaneta americana examined, 238 were infested with 6 parasites with an overall prevalence rate of 44.07%. Parasites identified in this study include Ascaris lumricoides (30.64%), Entamoeba coli (25.81%), Entamoeba histolytica (16.93%), Thelastoma sp (13.31%), Strogyloides stercoralis (8.87%) and Enterobius vermicularis (4.44%). More so, Ascaris lumricoides had the highest prevalence (30.64%) followed by Entamoeba coli (25.81%). The cockroaches were contaminated more with helminth parasites (55.46%) than the protozoan (41.18%) while 3.36% were infested with both protozoan and helminth parasites. Cockroaches trapped from the toilets were found to be the most vectorial (58.57%) followed by those in kitchens (41.84%), bedrooms (22.62%) and parlours (17.95%). However, Parasites observed from the external body surface were higher (65.73%) than those from the internal body surface (34.27%). Statistically there was no significant difference, (P>0.05) in parasite infestation of both body surfaces. The prevalence in female cockroaches was higher (49.63%) compared to the males (38.60%) within the study area. Although, this is statistically insignificant (p>0.05). Hence, it is imperative to institute public enlightenment, proper hygiene and proper waste management in households for effective control of cockroaches.
South Asian Journal of Parasitology, 2019
Background: Cockroaches are known to be mechanical vectors of disease-causing agents such as parasites, bacteria, fungi and viruses. This study determined parasitic agents associated with cockroaches in Dutsin-Ma Town, Northwest Nigeria. A total of 600 cockroaches were collected from toilets, dumpsites, suck-away and sewages of Female and Male Hostels of Federal University Dutsin-Ma, residential houses in Darawa, Hayin-Gada and Kadangaru in Dutsin-Ma Town. Aims: To provide the public with this knowledge, this study was put forward to determine parasitic agents associated with cockroaches in Dutsin-Ma Town, Northwestern Nigeria. Study Design: The study was carried out in Dutsin-Ma Local Government Area, Nigeria. Cockroaches collected from the toilets had the highest parasite load, followed by those from the suck-away, and those from the dump site and then cockroaches from the sewages. Results and Discussion: A total of 600 cockroaches (identified as Periplanata americana species) Original Research Article Auta et al.; SAJP, 2(2): 1-6, 2019; Article no.SAJP.46886 2 were examined, 95.33% were infected with several species of gastrointestinal parasites. Parasites isolated and identified include Strongyloides stercolaris (25.26%), fluke (17.89%), Nyctotherus ovalis (2.98%), Enterobius vermicularis (13.68%), Entamoeba histolytica (12.28%), Toxascaris leonina (24.46%). More parasites were recovered from the gastro-intestinal than on the external parts with prevalence rates of 97.33% and 92.67%, respectively. Conclusion: This study has shown that Periplanata americana represent an important reservoir of parasites which can cause disease in man. Hence public awareness is required to educate people on the potential of Periplanata americana in transmitting intestinal parasites thus, there is a need to control cockroaches indoors and outside.
Cockroaches are insects of significant medical importance because of their tendencies in transmitting diseases mechanically. This study was performed to determine the incidence of gastrointestinal parasites in the guts and body surfaces of cockroaches in the residential and hospital areas, and the perception of their role in disease transmission in Mubi-South, Adamawa State. Two hundred cockroaches (100 each from the residential and hospital areas respectively) were collected from various households and hospital areas in Mubi-South, and were screened for gastrointestinal parasites in the laboratory. A well-structured questionnaire was used to source data on peoples' perception on the role of cockroaches in disease transmission. The result revealed eight parasites (A. lumbricoides, E. coli, E. hystolitica, G. lamblia, Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp.) prevalent in the cockroaches collected. Out of the 200 cockroaches collected, only 62(31.0 %) tested positive for gastrointestinal parasites. A. lumbricoides was the predominant species of parasites, while the least was G. lamblia (1 %). The result also revealed the preponderance of parasites in cockroaches collected from the hospital (39 %) than residential (23 %). Also, there were more parasites encountered in body surfaces (61.3 %) of cockroaches than guts (38.7 %). The perception on the role of cockroaches in disease transmission revealed that cockroaches are potential mechanical transmitters of disease pathogens. Therefore, there is need to improve good sanitary measures in our environments in order to contain the influence of cockroaches in the spread of disease, most especially in hospital areas, where cockroach infestation is high.
Cockroaches as carriers of human gastrointestinal parasites in Wolkite Town, southwestern Ethiopia
2018
Cockroaches are considered as vectors of different diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses, protozoa and helminthes. The objective of this study was to examine the role of cockroaches as carriers of intestinal parasites in Wolkite town. Cockroaches were collected twice per month from five kebeles and 50 households, from March to April in 2016. A total of 209 cockroaches were collected in this study. In total, 157 (75.1%) specimens were infected with one or more intestinal parasites such as Ascaris lumbricoides, Hymenolepis nana, Taenia spp., Enterobius vermicularis, Strongyloides stercoralis, Trichiuris trichuira, Giardia lamblia, Entameoba histolytica/dispar and hookworm. The most frequent parasites found were Taenia spp. (29.7%) and E. histolytica/dispar (28.7%). Statistical difference was observed among the five kebelles (χ2= 13.1, P = 0.011) and the body distribution of parasites (internal and external) (χ2 = 28.415, P = 0.000). The high frequency of parasites in cockroaches...
2013
to investigate the different parasites harbored and transmitted by cockroaches within households in Calabar Municipality, Nigeria, in order to initiate integrated eradication programme. Four hundred and thirty (430) cockroaches from toilets, kitchens, bedrooms and living rooms were trapped using sterile hand gloves from different households within Calabar municipality between 7p.m. and 9p.m. Life cockroaches were placed in perforated sterile plastic vials and transported to the Biology Laboratory of Cross River University of Technology, Calabar for parasitological studies. Each identified cockroach was placed in a test tube containing 5ml of normal saline solution and shaken thoroughly for 5 minutes to detach any parasite or its stages of development from the body surface of the cockroach. The fluid was centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes, and the deposit examined under a binocular microscope in search of parasites. Three hundred and forty-eight (348) parasites were recovered and...
Cockroaches and houseflies are serious threat to public health owing to their ability to mechanically transmit human intestinal parasites. The study investigated the role of these insects in transmission of gastrointestinal parasites Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Port Harcourt, Rivers State. A total of 125 houseflies and 112 cockroaches were caught and screened for possible intestinal parasites. Each housefly and cockroach were dipped into test tube containing 10 ml of normal saline for 5 minutes, the insects later transferred to another test tube with 70% alcohol for preservation. The supernatant were decanted and the residue viewed under microscope for parasites. Data were analysis with analysis of variance, measures of central tendency and least square difference. Results revealed that 32 (25.6%) of the 125 houseflies and 35 (31.3%) of the 112 cockroaches screened harboured parasites of medical importance. Twenty-one (35.0%) of the 60 houseflies caught from eatery area, 8 (20.0%) of the 40 from female hostels and 3 (12%) of the 25 flies from male hostels harboured parasites. Also, 23 (44.2%) of the 52 cockroaches caught from eatery area, 7 (23.3%) of the 30 from female hostels and 5 (16.7%) of the 30 from male hostels harboured parasites. Of these, 20 (62.5%) were protozoa and 12 (37.5%) were helminthes from the houseflies while 19 (54.3%) were protozoa and 16 (45.7%) were helminthes from the cockroaches. The protozoa that were identified include; cysts of Balantidium coli, cysts of Entamoeba coli, Entamoeba Histolytica and Endolimax nana. Also, helminthes include; ova of Ascaris lumbricoides, ova of Enterobius vermicularis and ova of Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus. There was a significant difference (p<0.05) in parasite burden at the eatery and the hostels. There was also a significant difference (p<0.05) in protozoa and helminthes burden from the flies and roaches.