Simulation of Contributing Areas and Surface-Water Leakage to Potential Replacement Wells Near the Community of New Post, Sawyer County, Wisconsin, by Means of a Two-Dimensional Ground-Water-Flow Model (original) (raw)
Related papers
2007
Figure 2. Diagram showing conceptual model of the hydrologic system in Sawyer County, Wis., in A, the vicinity of Grindstone Creek, and B, the vicinity of New Post, Wis. ... Figure 3. Maps showing simulated hydrologic features with analytic elements in A, the far field and B, the ...
High-capacity wells and baseflow decline in the Wolf River Basin, northeastern Wisconsin (USA)
Environmental Earth Sciences, 2016
The baseflow of the Wolf River (drainage area of 1,200 km 2) in northeastern Wisconsin has declined by over 30% during the last thirty years, whereas climatic, land cover, and soil characteristics of the basin have remained unchanged. Because groundwater basins do not always coincide with surface water basins, estimating groundwater discharge to streams using variables only pertinent to the surface water basin can be ineffective. The purpose of this study is to explain the decline in the baseflow of the Wolf River by developing a multiple regression model. To take into account variables pertaining to the groundwater basin, withdrawal rates from high capacity wells both inside the Wolf River basin and in two adjacent basins were included in the regression model. The other explanatory variables include annual precipitation and growing degree days. Groundwater discharge to the river was calculated using streamflow records with the computer program Groundwater Toolbox from the United States Geological Survey. Without the high capacity wells data, the model only explained 29.6% of the variability in the groundwater discharge. When the high capacity wells data within the Wolf River basin were included, r 2 improved to be 0.512. With the high capacity wells data in adjacent basins, r 2 improved to be 0.700. The study suggests that human activity taking place outside of the basin has had an effect on the baseflow, and should be taken into account when examining baseflow changes.
Flow of Ground Water to a Well Near a Stream – Effect of Ambient Ground‐Water Flow Direction
Groundwater, 1988
ABSTRACTAn analytical model has been developed to evaluate and improve our knowledge of steady‐state flow of ground water toward a well near a stream. This model differs from others in that the direction of ambient ground‐water flow (i.e., regional ground‐water flow) does not have to be perpendicular to a gaining stream, but can be oriented in any direction. Without using measured water levels, flow directions and rates can be calculated, i.e. estimated flow nets can be drawn based on the pumping rate, the ambient ground‐water flow rate and direction, and the location of the well and stream. The model can be used to help determine the minimum rate of pumping that will induce infiltration from a stream to a well, and the components of pumping that are derived from the stream and the aquifer. The areal distribution of flow includes: a zone of induced infiltration from a stream toward a pumping well denoted the stream capture zone, a zone that includes all ambient ground water captured...