Beam Performance of Tracking Detectors with Industrially Produced GEM Foils (original) (raw)

Development of high gain GEM detectors

IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 2000

11. TEST BEAM MEASUREMENTS We describe systematic measurements carried out with single and double GEM detectors with printed circuit readout. The maximum safe operating gain has been measured at increasing radiation flux and under exposure to heavily ionizing tracks. Detection aciency, localization accuracy and cluster size have been measured in a minimum ionizing particle beam. With a suitably configured readout electrode, fast, two-dimensional localization of radiation is demonstrated.

Study of relevant parameters of GEM-based detectors

2007

The Gas Electron Multiplier consist of a thin Kapton insulating (50 mu\mumum) foil copper-clad on both sides and perforated by a high density, regular matrix of holes (around 100 per square millimeter). Typically the distance between holes (pitch) is 140 mu\mumum and diameters of about 70 mu\mumum. The mesh is realised by conventional photolitographic methods as used for the fabrication of multi-layer board. Upon application of a potential difference between the GEM electrodes, a high dipole field develops in the holes focusing the field lines between the drift electrode and the readout element. Electron drift along the channel and the charge is amplified by a factor that depends on the field density and the length of the channel. Owing to their excellent position resolution and rate capability GEM-based detector are very suitable to be used in different applications: from the high energy physics to the medical field. The GEM temporal and rate gain stability was studied and it was discove...

Activity of CERN and LNF groups on large area GEM detectors

2010

We report on the activity of CERN and INFN-LNF groups on the development of large area GEM detectors. The two groups work together within the RD51 Collaboration, to aim at the development of Micro-pattern Gas detectors technologies. The vast request for large area foils by the GEM community has driven a change in the manufacturing procedure by the TS-DEM-PMT laboratory, needed to overcome the previous size limitation of 450 Â 450 mm 2. Now a single-mask technology is used allowing foils to be made as large as 450 Â 2000 mm 2. The limitation in the short size, due to the definite width of the raw material, can be overcome by splicing more foils together. A 10 Â 10 cm 2 GEM detector with the new single-mask foil has been tested with X-rays and the results are shown. Possible future applications for large area GEM are the TOTEM experiment upgrade at CERN, and the KLOE-2 experiment at the Dafne F-factory in Frascati.

Investigation of GAS Gain of GEM-Foil Used in Low Energy Radioactive Beam Experiments

Communications in Physics, 2012

Nuclear reaction measurement with radioactive beam at low energy plays an important role in nuclear astrophysics and nuclear structure. The trajectory of particle beams can be obtained by using an active gas target, multiple-sampling and tracking proportional chamber (MSTPC), as a proportional counter. Because of intensity of low energy radioactive beam, in the stellar reaction such as (α, p), (p, α),.. . it is necessary to increase the gain for the counter. In this case, a gas electrons multiplier (GEM) foil will be used, so the proportional counter is called GEM-MSTPC. The efficient gas gain of GEM foils which relates to foil thickness and operating pressure was investigated with two type of the foils, 400 um and 200 um, in argon (70%)-carbon dioxide (30%) mixture.

An Overview Of Particle Detectors

In this report we will describe the basic principle of particle detector. We will start by introducing the Gas Ionization Detector(Ionization Chambers,Proportinal Counters,Geiger-Muller Tubes),Photo Multiplier Tube(PMT). Continue to outline the mechanism of Gas Electron Multiplier(GEM) and conclude with the implications of the mechanism and a brief summary of the attempts tomeasure its effects.Here, we have tried to compare (quite extensively) some attributes of other detectors( Gaseous Detector,PMT,MWPC) and GEMs, Which is manufactured by quite different processes.

Measurement of basic characteristics and gain uniformity of a triple GEM detector

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

Large area Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) detectors have been the preferred choice for tracking devices in major nuclear and particle physics experiments. Uniformity over surface of the detector in terms of gain, energy resolution and efficiency is crucial for the optimum performance of these detectors. In the present work, detailed performance study of a 10×10 cm 2 triple GEM detector operated using Ar and CO 2 gas mixtures in proportions of 70:30 and 90:10, has been made by making a voltage scan of the efficiency with 106 Ru-Rh β-source and cosmic rays. The gain and energy resolution of the detector were studied using the X-ray spectrum of 55 Fe source. The uniformity of the detector has been investigated by dividing the detector in 7×7 zones and measuring the gain and energy resolution at the center of each zone. The variations of the gain and energy resolution have been found to be 8.8% and 6.7%, respectively. These studies are essential to characterise GEM detectors before their final use in the experiments.

Investigation of alpha particle tracks in GEM-type structures based on SQS mode

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 2019

In this study, the performance of two GEM-type structures for the detection of alpha particle tracks in gaseous detectors based on SQS mode is presented. The operation of these structures was investigated in the presence of air, pure argon and P10 gas. By increasing the applied voltage to GEM-type plates beyond a certain value, each GEM-type's through-hole individually entered to the SQS mode, when detector operated in the P10 gas. This mode was followed by the appearance of visible streamers in the space of holes exposed to alpha radiation. Two types of Thick Gas Electron Multipliers (TGEM) and Electron Multiplier Assemblies (EMA) with different geometries, as well as a cascade configuration of EMAs, were designed and constructed. Depending on the hole diameters in these structures, the location of the input beams can be determined optically with a specific resolution.