2017 Higher Degree Research By Numbers: Beyond the Critiques of Neo-liberalism (original) (raw)

2017, Higher Education Research & Development

This article argues that strong theories of neo-liberalism do not provide an adequate frame for understanding the ways that measurement practices come to be embedded in the life-worlds of those working in higher education. We argue that neo-liberal metrics need to be understood from the viewpoint of their social usage, alongside other practices of qualification and quantification. In particular, this article maps the specific variables attending measurement in higher degree research programmes, as the key sites that familiarize students with measurement practices around research and teaching. With regard to the incremental reframing of doctoral study as a utilitarian pursuit, we suggest a need to better identify the singular and immeasurable features of long-term research projects, and argue for a revitalized notion of failure. In this context, this article suggests that many critiques of neo-liberalism do not sufficiently advance alternative ways to think about the purposes and limitations of higher education.

Measurement Imperatives and Their Impact: Academic Staff Narratives on Riding the Metric Tide

2018

Higher education (HE) is in the grip of an unprecedented level of attention to quantitative performance indicators. Measurement imperatives are positioned in policy discourses as key to the generation of market competition and institutional differentiation. But beyond government policymakers, many are sceptical about their use and value, particularly in relation to enhancing knowledge, improving pedagogic relationships and developing learning communities. This chapter explores five academics’ narratives—each in different institutional roles—of their personal responses to measurement imperatives; and utilises C. Wright Mills’ (1959) notion of the sociological imagination to trace how individual narratives intersect with broader discourses of marketisation, equity and differentiation. These five staff narratives bring to the fore what matters to them as academics, in their relationships with students and colleagues, and how they navigate the performative discourses and practices which...

Measuring the value of sociology? Some notes on performative metricization in the contemporary academy

The Sociological Review, 2011

The performative co-construction of academic life through myriad metrics is now a global phenomenon as indicated by the plethora of university research or journal ranking systems and the publication of ‘league’ tables based on them. If these metrics are seen as actively constituting the social world, can an analysis of this ‘naturally occurring’ data reveal how these new technologies of value and measure are recursively defining the practices and subjects of university life? In the UK higher education sector, the otherwise mundane realities of academic life have come to be recursively lived through a succession of research assessment exercises (RAEs). Lived through not only in the RAEs themselves, but also through the managed incremental changes to the academic and organizational practices linked to the institutional imaginings of planning for, and anticipating the consequences of, the actual exercises. In the ‘planning for’ mode an increasing proportion of formerly sociology submis...

Editorial: Quantifying Higher Education: Governing Universities and Academics by Numbers

Politics and Governance

Over the past decades, ‘governing by numbers’ has taken a flight in the higher education sector. Performance-based budgeting and quality assurance schemes orient universities to new objectives, while rankings have globalised the metrified observation of higher education at large. Where previously no indicators existed, they are being introduced; where indicators already existed, they are being standardised for purposes of comparison. This thematic issue aims to work towards a more comprehensive understanding of the growing diversity of quantification-based instruments in higher education sectors in three European countries. The effects of quantification are noticed at all levels of the higher education system, from policy makers at the top of the regulatory pyramid down to students and academic staff. Yet even quantifiers outside of the regulatory system, such as ranking and metrics organisations, may have an important bearing on the operation of the university organisation and the ...

Archaeology of a Quantification Device: Quantification, Policies and Politics in French Higher Education

The New Politics of Numbers, 2021

This paper follows a quantification device – French higher education performance indicators – from its birth through its construction to its uses. It differentiates three levels of analysis. First, the bedrock level: a calculative device is grounded in a founding vision. Second, the intermediate level: a quantification device contains a conception of the “raisons d’être” of the entity that is quantified. Third, the level of the micro-conventions of calculation which can give a particular orientation. However, the device is part of a larger configuration which constitutes the fourth dimension of our analytical grid. Levels and context are the fruit of socio-historical processes which can, but must not, lead to maximum coherence. Here, the device is not a very integrated assemblage, which explains its limited effects.

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