Short-term feeding of flaxseed or its lignan has minor influence on in vivo hepatic antioxidant status in young rats (original) (raw)
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Health effects with consumption of the flax lignan secoisolariciresinol diglucoside
British Journal of Nutrition, 2010
Flaxseed is the richest source of the lignan secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG). After ingestion, SDG is converted to secoisolariciresinol, which is further metabolised to the mammalian lignans enterodiol and enterolactone. A growing body of evidence suggests that SDG metabolites may provide health benefits due to their weak oestrogenic or anti-oestrogenic effects, antioxidant activity, ability to induce phase 2 proteins and/or inhibit the activity of certain enzymes, or by mechanisms yet unidentified. Human and animal studies identify the benefits of SDG consumption. SDG metabolites may protect against CVD and the metabolic syndrome by reducing lipid and glucose concentrations, lowering blood pressure, and decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation. Flax lignans may also reduce cancer risk by preventing pre-cancerous cellular changes and by reducing angiogenesis and metastasis. Thus, dietary SDG has the potential to decrease the incidence of several chronic diseases that resu...
Ahmed H. AL-Azawi, 2015
The present study aimed to assessment the antioxidant activity of flaxseed lignan in male rabbits with administrated orally 200 mg/kg paracetamol to induce hepato-nephrotoxicity. Biochemical studies show that there is significant increases (p <0.05) in the levels of serum MDA with decrease in the levels of GSH, GPx, CAT, SOD, Zinc and Manganese in paracetamol treated group compared to the control group. These values were retrieved significantly by treatment with lignan extracts at two different doses (25 and 50 mg/ kg). The antioxidant study showed significant decrease in MDA while the levels of GSH, GPx, CAT, SOD, Zinc and Manganese were significantly increased in paracetamol with lignan treated groups. The treatment with lignan (hepato-nephrocurative) has recorded a decline in levels of the blood MDA with upturn the levels of GSH, GPx, CAT, SOD, Zinc and Manganese to normal values. From the results we can be concluded that the compound of pure lignan was better than partial pure lignan and can prevent liver and renal damage from paracetamol induced hepato-nephrotoxicity in rabbits. Therefore, the potential use of flaxseed lignan as a therapeutically useful hepatonephroprotectiveagent deserves further studies.
Antioxidant Potentials of Flaxseed by in Vivo Model
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2006
The present study reports the antioxidant activity of flaxseed as measured by feeding weanling albino rats with 5.0% and 10.0% of flaxseed (constituting approximately 0.75 and 1.5 g kg-1) for 14 days followed by challenging animals with 2.0 g kg-1 b.w. CCl 4 as toxin. Activity was assessed by measuring hepatic marker enzymes like catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase and comparing with those from the normal group and from a group receiving toxin without flaxseed. Treatment of CCl 4 at dose of 2.0 g kg-1 b.w. decreased the activities of various antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase by 35.6%, 47.76%, and 53.0%, respectively, compared to the control group, and the lipid peroxidation value increased nearly 1.2-fold compared to that of the group treated with toxin without flaxseed. Pretreatment of rats with 5.0% flaxseed followed by CCl 4 treatment caused restoration of catalase, SOD, and peroxidase by 39.7%, 181.42%, and 123.7%, respectively, as compared to control. The group treated with 10.0% flaxseed has shown the restoration of 95.02%, 182.31%, and 136.0% of catalase, SOD, and peroxidase. In the case of the group treated with toxin without flaxseed, the level of superoxide dismutase and the catalse value decreased 91.4% and 55.33%, respectively, in comparison with the control group. These results clearly indicate the beneficial effect of flaxseed components as an antioxidant as seen by restoration of hepatic enzymes, which were varied from normal to one due to toxicity induced by toxin (CCl 4). Owing to this property, the flaxseed known for its functional properties can be further extended to exploit its possible application for various health benefits as nutraceuticals and food ingredient.
British Journal of Nutrition, 2015
Consumption of flaxseed lignans is associated with various health benefits; however, little is known about the bioavailability of purified lignans in flaxseed. Data on their bioavailability and hence pharmacokinetics (PK) are necessary to better understand their role in putative health benefits. In the present study, we conducted a comparative PK analysis of the principal lignan of flaxseed, secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG), and its primary metabolites, secoisolariciresinol (SECO), enterodiol (ED) and enterolactone (EL) in rats. Purified lignans were intravenously or orally administered to each male Wistar rat. SDG and its primary metabolites SECO, ED and EL were administered orally at doses of 40, 40, 10 and 10 mg/kg, respectively, and intravenously at doses of 20, 20, 5 and 1 mg/kg, respectively. Blood samples were collected at 0 (pre-dose), 5, 10, 15, 20, 30 and 45 min, and at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24 h post-dosing, and serum samples were analysed. PK parameters and oral bi...
Antioxidant capacity of flaxseed lignans in two model systems
Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, 2006
The flaxseed lignans secoisolariciresinol (SECO) and its diglucoside secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) are reported to have a number of health benefits associated with their consumption that have in part been attributed to their antioxidant properties. In this study the relative antioxidant capacity of the flaxseed lignans vs. BHT was determined in two model systems. First, an antioxidant stoichiometric value was determined for SECO and SDG in a liposomal system as a mimic of lipid peroxidation. Stoichiometric values for SECO (1.5) and SDG (1.2) vs. BHT (2.0) were measured from the lag time for the formation of conjugated dienes; all values were significantly different (P < 0.01). Second, the ability of flaxseed lignans to prevent oxidative degradation of canola oil was determined. Samples were stored at room temperature and analyzed at 30-d intervals over 120 d using a Rancimat TM analyzer. The lignans prevented degradation of canola oil, as measured by induction time, in a concentration-dependent manner. Although SECO demonstrated a trend for better protection than either SDG or polymer containing SDG, they were not significantly different (P > 0.01). There was also no significant difference between SECO or SDG and BHT, suggesting flaxseed lignans may be good alternatives to minimize rancidity in oil-based food products.
Hepato-protective Potential of Hull Fraction from Indian Flaxseed Cultivar
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2011
Objective: Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) isolated from hull fraction of Indian flaxseed cultivar was studied for its hepatoprotective potential by measuring the level of hepatic enzymes such as catalase, peroxidase and superoxide desmutase (SOD) upon feeding to albino rats. Material & Methods: The animals were grouped into five groups (n=5): The first group served as normal and received normal diet without treatment of toxin and hull fraction of flaxseed. The second group was named the control and received a regular commercial diet. The third, fourth and fifth groups were fed with normal diet and supplemented with hull fraction of flaxseed (150 and 250 μg/kg) and standard SDG (150 μg/kg), that was mixed with olive oil for 14 days. Results: Pretreatment of rats with 150 μg/kg b.w hull fraction of flaxseed followed by CCl4 treatment caused restoration of catalase, SOD and peroxidase by 37.70%, 108.22% and 23.89% respectively as compared to control. The group treated with 250 ...
Journal of Biosciences and Medicines, 2015
Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is composed mainly of bioactive components such as polyphenols, polyunsaturated fatty acids, fiber and lignans. Flaxseed can be found in different presentation forms (grain or flour) and varieties (brown or golden); however, questions have arisen as to whether the presentation form and/or variety may influence the health effects. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects on blood pressure, anthropometric and oxidative parameters in healthy human volunteers. All subjects received 40 gram aliquots of flaxseed and were instructed to consume them in their entirety mixed with water in the morning for a period of 14 days. Oxidative parameters showed significant reductions (p < 0.05) in oxidative damage to lipids and proteins via dietary intervention with golden flaxseed grains. There were no significant differences in anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, DNA damage and micronuclei frequency after 14-day supplementation. This research indicates that golden flaxseed grains can be a valuable adjunct for disease prevention and protecting the organism against oxidative damage.
2015
Abstract: Flaxseed cake containing antioxidants is a valuable dietary component. Its nutritional effect may be diminished by the presence of anti-nutrients. The work was aimed at determining the effect of different contents of flaxseed cake in diets and their administration period on the development of rats and selected parameters of their health status. Diets with 15 % and 30 % addition of genetically modified (GM) flax seed cake with enhanced synthesis of polyphenols, as well as Linola non-GM flax were administered in short-term (33 days) and long-term (90 days) experiments. The 30 % addition of flaxseed cake reduced digestibility of dietary nutrients, GM flaxseed cake lowered body weight gains. The relative weight of selected organs, hematological blood markers and serum activities of aspartate and alanine aminotransferases (AST, ALT) were not affected. Flaxseed cake consumption reduced serum concentration of albumins and increased globulins. Administration of 30 % flaxseed cake ...
Human metabolism of mammalian lignan precursors in raw and processed flaxseed
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 1999
Background: The mammalian lignans enterolactone and enterodiol are produced in the colon by the action of bacteria on the plant precursor secoisolariciresinol diglycoside, which is found in high concentrations in flaxseed. Objective: Two experiments were conducted to determine 1) whether there is a dose response in urinary lignan excretion with increasing flaxseed intake, 2) whether flaxseed processing affects lignan excretion, 3) peak plasma lignan concentrations, and 4) plasma lignan concentrations after chronic supplementation. Design: Nine healthy young women supplemented their diets with 5, 15, or 25 g raw or 25 g processed (muffin or bread) flaxseed for 7 d during the follicular phase of their menstrual cycles. Twentyfour-hour urine samples were collected at baseline and on the final day of supplementation. As an adjunct to the 25-g-flaxseed arm, subjects consumed the supplement for an additional day and blood and urine samples were collected at specific intervals. All blood and urine samples were analyzed for enterolactone and enterodiol by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. Results: A dose-dependent urinary lignan response to raw flaxseed was observed (r = 0.72, P ≤ 0.001). The processing of flaxseed as a muffin or bread did not affect the quantity of lignan excretion. Plasma lignan concentrations were greater (P ≤ 0.05) than baseline by 9 h after flaxseed ingestion (29.35 ± 3.69 and 51.75 ± 7.49 nmol/L, respectively). The total plasma area under the curve was higher on the eighth than on the first day (1840.15 ± 343.02 and 1027.15 ± 95.71 nmol • h/L, respectively). Conclusion: Mammalian lignan production from flaxseed precursors is dependent on time and dose but not on processing.