2011 Griffin Abstract World Conf Inj Prev Sept 2011 A97.2.full - Copy.pdf (original) (raw)
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Characteristics of low-speed vehicle run-over events in children: an 11-year review
Injury Prevention, 2014
Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics associated with fatal and non-fatal low-speed vehicle run-over (LSVRO) events in relation to person, incident and injury characteristics, in order to identify appropriate points for intervention and injury prevention. Methods Data on all known LSVRO events in Queensland, Australia, over 11 calendar years (1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009) were extracted from five different databases representing the continuum of care ( prehospital to fatality) and manually linked. Descriptive and multivariate analyses were used to analyse the sample characteristics in relation to demographics, health service usage, outcomes, incident characteristics, and injury characteristics. Results Of the 1641 LSVRO incidents, 98.4% (n=1615) were non-fatal, and 1.6% were fatal (n=26). Over half the children required admission to hospital (56%, n=921); mean length of stay was 3.4 days. Younger children aged 0-4 years were more frequently injured, and experienced more serious injuries with worse outcomes. Patterns of injury (injury type and severity), injury characteristics (eg, time of injury, vehicle type, driver of vehicle, incident location), and demographic characteristics (such as socioeconomic status, indigenous status, remoteness), varied according to age group. Almost half (45.6%; n=737) the events occurred outside major cities, and approximately 10% of events involved indigenous children. Parents were most commonly the vehicle drivers in fatal incidents. While larger vehicles such as four-wheel drives (4WD) were most frequently involved in LSVRO events resulting in fatalities, cars were most frequently involved in non-fatal events.
BMC Public Health, 2014
Background: The purpose of this study was to estimate the incidence of fatal and non-fatal Low Speed Vehicle Run Over (LSVRO) events among children aged 0-15 years in Queensland, Australia, at a population level. Methods: Fatal and non-fatal LSVRO events that occurred in children resident in Queensland over eleven calendar years (1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009) were identified using ICD codes, text description, word searches and medical notes clarification, obtained from five health related data bases across the continuum of care (pre-hospital to fatality). Data were manually linked. Population data provided by the Australian Bureau of Statistics were used to calculate crude incidence rates for fatal and non-fatal LSVRO events.
Low speed vehicle run-overs (LSVROs) have been identified as a significant cause of transport pedestrian fatalities in young children. There are two main methodological challenges associated with investigating LSVRO incidents: 1) case ascertainment; and 2) disparate data sources. These challenges have resulted in a lack of adequate information about the true burden (fatal and non-fatal) of this injury event, and the circumstances surrounding the incident. The aim of this paper is to discuss each of these issues and their implications, as well as to describe the processes used by the authors to overcome these methodological issues, in order to accurately calculate the incidence and characteristics of LSVRO events. Despite the methodological improvements of this study in relation to case ascertainment and detail of data on incidents, data regarding circumstances leading to the event were not routinely or consistently recorded. A dedicated, prospective data collection would address most of these limitations. More detailed information is required to identify specific risk factors that are relevant to LSVRO events, using improved methodology and consistent and comprehensive classification of events, such as that used in this study.
Paediatric slow-speed non-traffic fatalities: Victoria, Australia, 1985–1995
Accident Analysis & Prevention, 1997
important group of fatal incidents are slow-speed pedestrian non-traffic incidents to children, which account for 14% of accidental deaths from all causes in Victorian children under 5 years of age between 1985 and 1995, and 12% of pedestrian deaths of all ages. In Victoria, Australia, the database of the state Consultative Council on Obstetric and Paediatric Morbidity and Mortality was utilised to identify paediatric slow-speed pedestrian non-traffic-accident deaths in the local population. Additional data relating to the car and its driver, the child, and the circumstances of the incident were abstracted from records kept by the State Coroner and the Victorian compulsory third party traffic injury insurance organisation. Twenty eight Victorian children were identified who had died in one of three types of incident (driverless cars, child interacting with the vehicle and driver, and drivers who were unaware of the child's proximity). These incidents were more common in rural areas compared with urban, usually occurring at the child's home. The child was with or near an adult on all occasions. The vehicle was usually being driven by a relative, and was reversing in a higher proportion of 'unaware' incidents compared with the 'interactive' type. The association of 'off-road' family vehicles and trucks with these incidents appears to be increasing, especially in recent years. These findings suggest some countermeasures, including the separation of vehicle driveways from children's play areas, and object vicinity ultrasonic warning devices for vehicles. 0 1997 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
Traffic-Related Injuries to Children: Lessons from Real World Crashes
Annual Proceedings Association For the Advancement of Automotive Medicine Association For the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, 1998
Motor vehicle trauma is the leading cause of death for US children aged 6-14 years. Standard sources of data on crashes involving children include police "accident" reports, hospital discharge records, statewide databases linking police reports and clinical data, and national crash injury databases. More recently trauma center based crash reconstruction methodology has been applied to pediatric populations. "Real world" crash data can be used to assess the magnitude of traffic injuries in children, to assess vehicle and restraint performance in crash situations, to identify design changes to mitigate injury, and to provide proxy data on pediatric injury tolerance. MOTOR VEHICLE TRAUMA continues to be the leading cause of death among US children aged 6-14 years. Nearly 8 children are killed every day on US highways and another 980 are injured. Children under 15 years account for 5 percent (1,811) of all occupant fatalities and 10 percent of all persons injured in motor vehicle crashes [NHTSA 1998]. The total annual costs of pediatric motor vehicle injury for 1991 was estimated to be more than $US 7.5 billion [Miller 1995]. In addition to passenger fatalities, deaths to pedestrians and pedal cyclists comprise a significant portion of pediatric motor vehicle related trauma. Nearly one-forth of traffic fatalities to children younger than 15 are to pedestrians. Children also account for 41% of all vehicle-related deaths to pedal cyclists [NHTSA 1998].