Equilibrium, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies of Lead Adsorption from Aqueous solution onto Activated Carbon Prepared from Silybum Marianum (original) (raw)
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Kinetics and adsorption studies of lead (II) onto activated carbon using low cost adsorbents
Issue 2, 2018
The removal of Lead (II) from aqueous solutions using Fagopyrum esculentum Moench (Buckwheat) and Bambusa vulgaris (common bamboo) as adsorbents was investigated. The effects of various experimental parameters such as initial concentration, contact time and pH have been studied using batch adsorption technique. All the Adsorption isotherm models fitted well with the adsorption data. However, Freundlich isotherm displayed a better fitting model than the other two isotherm models due to high correlation coefficient (R2). This indicates the applicability of multilayer coverage of the Pb (II) on the surface of adsorbent. The adsorption kinetics was studied using four simplified models and it was found to follow the pseudo-second-order kinetic model which confirmed the applicability of the model. The adsorption mechanism was found to be chemisorption and the rate-limiting step was mainly surface adsorption.
Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2004
Removal of lead from aqueous solutions by adsorption onto coconut-shell carbon was investigated. Batch adsorption experiments were performed to find out the effective lead removal at different metal ion concentrations. Adsorption of Pb 2+ ion was strongly affected by pH. The coconut-shell carbon (CSC) exhibited the highest lead adsorption capacity at pH 4.5. Isotherms for the adsorption of lead on CSC were developed and the equilibrium data fitted well to the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Tempkin isotherm models. At pH 4.5, the maximum lead adsorption capacity of CSC estimated with the Langmuir model was 26.50 mg g −1 adsorbent. Energy of activation (E a) and thermodynamic parameters such as G, H , and S were evaluated by applying the Arrhenius and van't Hoff equations. The thermodynamics of Pb(II) on CSC indicates the spontaneous and endothermic nature of adsorption. Quantitative desorption of Pb(II) from CSC was found to be 75% which facilitates the sorption of metal by ion exchange.
Adsorption of Lead ions onto Activated Carbon derived from Sugarcane bagasse
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
In this study, activated carbon was developed from sugarcane bagasse and its effectiveness in adsorbing lead (Pb 2+) ions from synthetic aqueous solution was examined. Sugarcane bagasse activated carbon (SCBA) was developed in a tube furnace at a temperature of 900 °C, a heating rate of 10 °C/min, residence time of 3 hours, and at a nitrogen flow rate of 100 mL/min. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of pH and SCBA dosages on the adsorption process. The batch adsorption test showed that extent of Pb 2+ adsorption by SCBA was dependent upon pH and SCBA dosage. The optimum pH for Pb 2+ adsorption was found to be at pH 5.0. Maximum Pb 2+ removal efficiency obtained from the batch studies was 87.3 % at SCBA dosage of 10 g/L. Equilibrium adsorption data was described by Langmuir model with a coefficient of determination (R 2) of 0.9508. Maximum adsorption capacity according to Langmuir model was evaluated to be 23.4 mg/g. The adsorption capacity of the SCBA was compared with that of other plant-based adsorbents. SCBA is an effective adsorbent for the removal of Pb 2+ from aqueous solution.
Removal of Lead (II) Ions from Aqueous Solutions onto Activated Carbon Derived from Waste Biomass
The Scientific World Journal, 2013
The removal of lead (II) ions from aqueous solutions was carried out using an activated carbon prepared from a waste biomass. The effects of various parameters such as pH, contact time, initial concentration of lead (II) ions, and temperature on the adsorption process were investigated. Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis after adsorption reveals the accumulation of lead (II) ions onto activated carbon. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were applied to analyze equilibrium data. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of activated carbon was found to be 476.2 mg g −1 . The kinetic data were evaluated and the pseudo-second-order equation provided the best correlation. Thermodynamic parameters suggest that the adsorption process is endothermic and spontaneous.
In this work, the potential of activated carbon stems and leaves (ACS, ACL) prepared from dried water hyacinth stems and leaves (DS, DL) by chemical activation with phosphoric acid (1:3) and modified activated carbon stems and leaves (MACS, MACL) with nitric acid (1:1) for the removal of lead from aqueous solution was investigated. Carbon samples were produced with a reasonable yield about 75% and have a remarkable surface area (57.46, 71.83, 864.52, 493.78, 381.22, and 265.22 m2/g for DS, DL, ACS, and ACL, MACS and MACL, respectively and well developed pore structure. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to study the effect of various operating parameters, pH of the solution (1 to 6), initial concentration of lead ions (50 to 400 mg /l), contact time (2-250 min), and temperature (298-323 K). It is obvious that the maximum adsorption of lead at pH 5 is in the order: MACS (175.63 mg/g) > MACL (164.56 mg/g) > DS (90.50 mg/g) > DL (66.60 mg/g) > ACS (36.00 mg/g) > ACL (33.40 mg/g). This may be attributed to the increase in the number of active sites on the modified activated carbon. The equilibrium data were analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The results showed that the experimental data were fitted well by the Langmuir model. Kinetic results revealed that the adsorption process obeyed a pseudo-second order model and intra-particle diffusion was the rate controlling step. The thermodynamic studies revealed that the adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic process. Desorption of about 90% of the sorbed lead from carbon was achieved using about 0.6 M HCl
Adsorption of lead(II) from aqueous solution by activated carbon prepared fromEichhornia
Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 2002
ABSTRACT Activated carbon prepared from Eichhornia was used for the adsorptive removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution. As the raw material for the preparation of the activated carbon is an aquatic weed, the production of this carbon is expected to be economically feasible. Parameters such as agitation time, metal ion concentration, adsorbent dose and pH were studied. Adsorption equilibrium was reached in 100 min for a solution containing 15 mgdm−3 and 125 min for solutions containing 20 and 25 mgdm−3 Pb(II), respectively. Adsorption parameters were determined using both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The adsorption capacity was 16.61 mgg−1 at pH 3.0 for particle sizes of 125–180 µm. Pb(II) removal increased as the pH increased from 2 to 4 and remained constant up to pH 10.0. Desorption studies were also carried out with dilute hydrochloric acid to recover both carbon and Pb(II). Quantitative desorption of Pb(II) from carbon indicates that adsorption of metal ion is by ion exchange.© 2002 Society of Chemical Industry
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2023
Lead is naturally occurring toxic metal found in the Earth's crust. Its widespread use has resulted in extensive environmental contamination, human exposure and significant public health problems. In this research, adsorption studies were carried out for the removal of Pb 2+ from aqueous solution. The carbons were activated using 40% Phosphoric acid. It was characterized using BET, SEM and FTIR methods of characterization. The BET analysis was used to determine the surface area which was gotten to be 1383 m 2 /g. The surface area of the chemically activated carbon from the SEM image is found to consist of highly packed bundles of deep long cylindrical pores and some pits indicating the good adsorptive capacity. The peaks obtained from the FT-IR analysis are O-H band, C-H stretch and nitrile triple () bond. Equilibrium adsorption data were modeled using Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson and Elovich models, Langmuir model fitted more compared to other models. Adsorption kinetic data were tested using pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order, the adsorption followed the pseudo-second order mechanism with a correlation coefficient (R 2) of 0.9999.
2021
Abstaract: The lead (II) is one of the hazardous metal ions produced from various industrial wastes and its existence needs to be addressed. Adsorption using activated carbon from lengkeng shell is proven to be able to absorb lead (II). The absorption stage was carried out by varying the pH (2, 3, 4, 5, and 6) and the concentration (50. 100, 150, 200, 250) mg /L by the column method. The results showed that the optimum conditions occurred at pH 5 and a concentration of 150 mg /L with an absorption capacity of 3.7058 mg/g.
Nigerian Journal of Tropical Engineering
Heavy metals contamination of water and wastewater is a common phenomenon. Industrial wastewaters are usually the cause of heavy metals pollution of the environment. In this work, the adsorptive removal of lead metal ions in aqueous solution is investigated using an activated carbon derived from coconut husk. The activated carbon was modified with NaOH and characterized for functional group, micro-structure and textural properties. The activated carbons have a surface area of 304.38 m 2 /g from 600 °C activation with NaOH modification and 281.19 m 2 /g (300 °C) without modification. FTIR demonstrated the different functional groups present and the SEM images showed the pores on the surface of the activated carbon due to the NaOH modification. The maximum adsorption capacity of 91.70 and 73.90 mg/g were obtained for the coconut husk modified and unmodified adsorbents respectively. The adsorption kinetics for lead metal ions onto both adsorbents can be described by a pseudo-second-ord...
Journal of Chemistry
In this study, activated carbon was prepared from locally available bamboo (Arundinaria alpina) in Ethiopia to remove Pb (II) from wastewater. Various effects such as solution pH, initial Pb (II) ion concentration, and adsorbent dose were investigated and accordingly discussed, and the process was carried out on a batch adsorption base. Dried Arundinaria alpina stem was activated with potassium hydroxide (KOH) at a ratio of 1 : 1 (w/v) and carbonized in a furnace at three temperature ranges (500oC, 600oC, and 700oC) for 3 h. The physicochemical of Arundinaria alpina stem activated carbon (AASAC) was investigated and the resultant of 500oC treatment setup is found as ideal in terms of yield (40.6 g), ash (3.5%), porosity (0.704%), moisture (7.7%), and iodine number (814.69 mg/g). The further characterization of ideal AASAC was carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR). The optimum Pb (II) removal ef...