Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology Prevalence of neonatal jaundice in Eku Baptist Community Hospital in Delta State Nigeria (original) (raw)
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Prevalence of neonatal jaundice in Eku Baptist Community Hospital in Delta State Nigeria
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology, 2016
The prevalence of neonatal jaundice among newborn babies in Eku Baptist Community Hospital in Delta State was studied between January 2007 and May 2013. A total of 2,509 neonatal case folders were reviewed to determine the prevalence, pattern of occurrence, and associated risk factors of neonatal jaundice among the newborn babies aged between 1 and 28 days. Neonatal jaundice accounted for a total prevalence of 52. 6 in 1000 of the total number of cases reviewed. There was significant prevalence (p≤0.05) of neonatal jaundice in males (67.4) than in females (43.6). The risk factors of neonatal jaundice identified were sepsis (66.7%), prematurity (15.2%), lack of breast feeding (9.0%), ABO incompatibility (5.2%), and anaemia (3.8%). Two deaths were recorded from neonatal jaundice due to sepsis. Although the prevalence of neonatal jaundice was low, there is need to educate women on regular antenatal checks and delivery in appropriate health care facility in order to curb the incidence of neonatal jaundice.
Prevalence of neonatal jaundice at a tertiary health institution in Ondo state, Nigeria
Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research
Introduction. This study assesses the occurrence of neonatal jaundice among neonates admitted between January 2007-December 2016 in a tertiary health institution in Ondo State, Nigeria. Materials and method. A descriptive retrospective research design was used for the study conducted in the Neonatal Ward of a tertiary health institution in Ondo State. Data were collected using a self-structurd checklist. Ethical clearance was obtained from the hospital Ethical Committee. Data was analyzed using SPSS; both descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Results. Results showed that a total of 715 neonates were admitted in the hospital during the period, 88 (34.2%) were admitted on their first day of birth. There were more male neonates admitted for jaundice than female 146 (56.8%). The highest incidence of neonatal jaundice in the hospital during the years under review occurred in 2008 (32 neonates); while the least was recorded in 2016-9 neonates. A total of 257 neonates were admitted for neonatal jaundice over the 10 year period under review. The serum bilirubin level reduced from 13.76±8.04 on admission to 3.43±2.34 at discharge. Only 61 (23.7%) of the neonates had exchange blood transfusion performed. Also, 36 (14.0%) neonates developed complications of neonatal jaundice, of which 25 (69.4%) died from these complications. Conclusions. A concerted effort should be made to create awareness about neonatal jaundice among women of reproductive age, and emphasis should be placed on the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of NNJ.
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences, 2014
Background information: Neonatal jaundice is a very common condition worldwide, occurring in up to 60% of term and 80% of preterm new born in the first week of life. The incidence, aetiological and contributory factors to neonatal jaundice differs in ethnicity and geographical distribution. In Nigeria, it accounts for between 23% and 60% of admission into the Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU), and various factors are responsible for its occurrence.
BORNO MEDICAL JOURNAL
Background: Neonatal Jaundice (NNJ) is a common occurrence in about 60% of term infants and 80% of preterm infants worldwide and a leading cause of hospitalization during the first week of life. Available evidence suggests that low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) bear the greatest burden of severe neonatal jaundice characterized by very high rates of morbidity, mortality and long-term sequel compared to high-income countries (HICs). Aims: To document the prevalence, risk factors and short-term outcome of babies with neonatal jaundice in a secondary health facility with free health services in SouthWest Nigeria. Method: Babies were recruited from both inborn and out-born arms of the Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU). It was a prospective study of all babies admitted for neonatal jaundice from January to December 2014; the babies were followed up till discharge. Patients' information including socio-demographic characteristics, risk factors, treatment modalities and outcomes were collected and entered directly into an Excel sheet. Results: There were a total of 1,309 admissions: 734 males and 575 females giving a M: F ratio of 1.3:1. NNJ was present in 125 (9.5%) of them. Thirty-five (28%) of the affected babies were preterm babies while 90 (72%) were term babies. Ten (8%) of them presented within the first 24 hours of life, 103 babies (82.4%) presented between 1 st and 7 th day of life while 12 (9.6%) presented after the 7 th day of life. Neonatal sepsis, prematurity, perinatal asphyxia and prolonged rupture of membrane (PROM) were the leading causes and risk factors for NNJ in our setting. One hundred and seven (85.6%) of them had only phototherapy as treatment modality while 18 (14.4%) had exchange blood transfusion (EBT). One hundred and twenty babies (96%) were discharged alive, 5 (4%) had bilirubin encephalopathy and 2 babies (1.6%) died. Conclusion: Neonatal Jaundice is common in our setting with possible dire consequences. Health education of the public on its associated modifiable risk factors is desirable.
2015
Neonatal jaundice occurs frequently in new born babies in the first week of life. It may be harmless but results in "Kernicterus" or "bilirubin brain damage" when it is severe. This study examined prevalence and associated risk factors affecting neonatal jaundice among neonates born between 2005 and 2010 in University College Hospital, Ibadan. The study is a retrospective study where data were retrieved from neonates' case notes frommedical records unit of the University College Hospital, Ibadan.A total of 232 neonatal jaundice cases wereanalysed and categorized into mild and severe jaundice. Qualitative response regression models was proposed to obtain the precise estimates of the probabilities of a neonatal having neonatal jaundice. Binary Logistic regression analysis which model neonatal jaundice as a response variable while Neonate age, neonate sex, birth weight, mode of delivery, place of delivery, settlement, G6PD, Mothers' Rhesus factor, mother illness during pregnancy, mother level education, parity of the mother and gestational age were the risk factors. The result showed that gestational age, place of delivery, Rhesus incompatibility, and G6PD were statistically significant risk factors for neonatal jaundice. The model converges at the 4 th iteration with-2log-likelihood of 267.712, and Cox & Snell R 2 is .206 with probability of 0.0000 at 5% ∝ level of significance, this indicated that the model fitted for the study is adequate at that level of significance.
The incidence and management of jaundice in newborns in FMC, Ovom Yenagoa, Bayelsa, Nigeria
Neonatal jaundice is one of the occurring things that give rise to the number of deaths and the unhealthy state among newborns in underdeveloped nations that require urgent intervention to reduce its burden. The aim of the study therefore was to determine incidence of newborn jaundice among infant child in Federal Medical Centre, Ovom Yenagoa, Bayelsa State. A descriptive retrospective study design was used to collate data from case files for more than four year period (2009-2012). SPSS version 20 was used to analyze the data collated. Result indicated an incidence of 10.2% over the study period with highest incidence in 2011(13.0%) and the least incidence in 2009 (5.2%). Photo therapies with chemotherapy (47.0%) were the commonest means of management while exchange blood transfusion alone (1.2%) was the least form of management. Management outcome was successful in 71.7% of cases while 4.1% of the babies died. The need for mothers to ensure urgent antenatal and postnatal care and immediate intervention following observation of jaundice in a neonate was emphasized.
Nigerian journal of paediatrics, 2022
Background The knowledge of the aetiology for neonatal jaundice is important in the early detection and effective management of infants with or at risk of severe jaundice before hospital discharge. This study assessed the aetiological factors of neonatal jaundice among apparently well late preterm and termnewborns to ensure timely intervention where these risk factors exist. Method: This was a crosssectional study involving 174 apparently well neonates at a tertiary mission hospital. Detailed history, physical examination, relevant haematological and biochemical tests were undertaken. Significant jaundice was defined as serum bilirubin greater than 2 standard deviations above the postnatal age and weight dependent treatment concentration. Results: Of the 844 neonates admitted into the neonatal care unit, 174 (20.6%) had significant jaundice. Median age at presentation was 3days (95% CI of median 3-4days). The mean ±SD gestation age and birth weight of the neonates at recruitment were 38.1±1.6 weeks and 3.1± 0.5kg respectively. Males were 108 (62.4%; M: F.1.6.1). The mean ±SD total serum bilirubin was 13.9±4.7mg/dl. Significant jaundice was more common with maternal-baby concordant paired blood group of A-A, O-O compared with discordant materno-baby group pairs. Of the known causes of significant neonatal jaundice, G6PD deficiency (57-38.5%) ranked topmost. Half (87-50.0%) of the causes of significant jaundice were unidentified. Conclusion : G6PD deficiency remains the leading aetiology for significant neonatal jaundice. G6PD screening should be mandated before hospital discharge, compatible mother-baby blood group pairs do not rule the risk for significant jaundice; further research is required to elucidate other inherent unidentified aetiologies.
Research Article _OAJ Preg. Child Care., 2021
Background: Neonatal jaundice is defined by the World Health Organization as a yellowish coloration of the white part of the eyes and skin in a new born baby due to high bilirubin levels. Appropriate management of neonatal jaundice is important in preventing its sequelae, which includes acute bilirubin encephalopathy and kernicterus and should be ensured worldwide especially at the level of local neonatology units including our setting. The aim of this study was to assess the epidemiological features, etiologies and outcome of neonatal jaundice in a Regional Hospital in Cameroon. Methods: This was a hospital-based retrospective descriptive study, done over a period of 5 years (from January 2016 to December 2020) at the Neonatology Unit of the Regional Hospital Bamenda, in the North West Region of Cameroon. The study-enrolled files of neonates of 0 to 28 days, admitted for neonatal jaundice. Variables noted were maternal sociodemographic data, obstetric history, clinical findings and investigations in the neonate, treatment modalities and immediate outcome following management. Data were analysed using Epi-InfoTM version 3.5.4. Results: The hospital incidence of neonatal jaundice was 19.7%. Males were predominant with a sex ratio of 2.35. Fever and jaundice were the most frequent symptoms, in 64.5%, and 63% of the cases respectively. The main etiologies were infection (70.9%), physiologic (14.3%) and ABO incompatibility (10%). There was a favourable outcome in 92.4% of the cases, and a mortality of 4.4% was recorded. Conclusion: Neonatal infections and blood incompatibilities were the most frequent causes of neonatal jaundice. Mothers and health personnel should be adequately informed and educated on signs of early recognition and management to avert significant neonatal morbidity and mortality, and irreversible neurologic complications if not well managed or diagnosed late.
Background. Jaundice in the neonate is one of the most common clinical problems. Globally, every year about 1.1 million babies develop it and the vast majority reside in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. Study on magnitude and local factors associated with neonatal jaundice is limited in Ethiopia. So this study was aimed at assessing magnitude and predictors of neonatal jaundice among neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit of public hospitals in Mekelle city, Northern Ethiopia. Methods. Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from February to April 2016 in neonatal intensive care unit of Mekelle city public hospitals. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select study participants. Data was collected by interviewing mothers through structured questionnaire and reviewing neonates' medical records using checklist. Multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were employed to identify factors associated with neonatal jaundice. Results. A total of 209 neonates with their mothers were included. The proportion of neonatal jaundice was found to be 37.3%. Prolonged labor [AOR = 4.39; 95% CI (1.8-10.69)], being male [AOR = 3.7; 95% CI (1.54-8.87)], maternal "O" blood group [AOR = 5.05; 95% CI (1.53-16.72)], sepsis [AOR = 2.64; 95% CI (1.15-6.05)], and blood type incompatibility [AOR = 18.21; 95% CI (6.36-52.13)] were positively associated with neonatal jaundice while night time delivery [AOR 0.42; 95% CI (0.18-0.96)] showed negative association. Conclusion. The magnitude of neonatal jaundice among neonates was found to be high. Duration of labor, time of delivery, sexes of neonate, sepsis, maternal blood group, and blood type incompatibility were significantly associated with neonatal jaundice. Therefore, improving newborn care and timely intervention for neonates with ABO/Rh incompatibility are recommended.
Global Pediatric Health
Background: Severe neonatal jaundice (NNJ) remains a leading cause of preventable brain damage, mental handicap, physical disabilities, and early death among infants. Methods: Using a descriptive cross-sectional study design, information was gathered using a structured, pretested questionnaire from 518 pregnant women who attended the antenatal clinic at a tertiary Hospital in Southwest Nigeria. Results: Most (77%) of the respondents have heard about NNJ prior the survey. Most respondents (69.5%) demonstrated poor knowledge of the causes of NNJ. The majority, 98.4% had good attitude toward treatment of NNJ. Most respondents (72.1%) demonstrated poor knowledge of the correct treatment of NNJ. A quarter of the respondents knew no danger sign of NNJ. Conclusion: There is serious knowledge gap among the respondents about the causes, treatment, dangers signs and complications of NNJ. There is need for increased awareness campaign using every available means of reaching women of reproducti...