Antonio M. Morone, Idris’ Libya and the Role of Islam: International Confrontation and Social Transformation, «Oriente Moderno», Volume 97, Issue 1, 2017 (original) (raw)

The History of Libya and its Peoples: the Road to an Exploitable Vulnerability

2021

It is an often-committed mistake that the currently still ongoing war in Libya is being associated with Qadhafi’s removal in some way. Finding a comprehensive analysis with sources on development of the society itself is not common even today. However, as this work is going to prove, examining this issue from the Ottoman era is more than essential. Regulations and relations amongst tribes living in the three major territories evolved during the centuries, but their development curve is hardly comparable to e.g. European countries’. The purpose of this article is to show that the current civil war is fundamentally still a domestic issue, even if throughout the past five years it became exceedingly more international in nature

Antonio M. Morone, Libyan intermediaries on the eve of country independence: the case of the bin Sha’ban family, in AM Di Tolla, V Schiattarella (eds.), Libya between History and Revolution: Resilience, new opportunities and new challenges for the Berbers?, UniorPress, Napoli, 2020, pp. 99-114.

2020

Maria Grazia NEGRO La colonisation italienne : une narration impossible 133 Laura TROVELLESI CESANA Journalisme, journaux et journalistes dans la construction du premier discours public sur la Libye 141 Silvana PALMA The Role of Libya in the Construction of Italy's Collective Self-Portrait

Libya: from one revolution to another

La Balsa De Piedra Revista De Teoria Y Geoestrategia Iberoamericana Y Mediterranea, 2014

The revolution that overthrew Gaddafi's regime in 2011 was deeply marked by the essential features of Libyan society, such as its lack of social integration or its widespread clientelism and tribalism. All these features are deeply rooted in the historical past of the country. The Gaddafist regime itself was also formed very much by these same factors, and at the same time, it helped to shape them to some extent. Thus, it can be said that this regime was a singular experiment of partial modernisation in combination with a pronounced conservatism with respect to other aspects of social life. Consequently, despite its enthusiastic revolutionary rethoric, it appeared to be not very different from other regimes in the region. We believe it is on this basis that its ideology must be approached. Not only its actions in both the internal and external spheres but also those aspects that are most idiosyncratic and striking, such as the Green Book or the frequently histrionic behaviour of its leader.

State-Building Challenges in a Post-Revolution Libya

2013

: Libya's National Transitional Council (NTC) inherited a difficult and volatile domestic situation following the overthrow of Muammar Qadhafi. The new leadership faces serious and simultaneous challenges in all areas of statehood. Libya's key geostrategic position, and its role in hydrocarbon production and exportation, means that the course of internal developments there is crucial not only to the Libyan people, but also to neighboring countries both in North Africa and across the Mediterranean in southern Europe. The mitigation or prevention of conditions that could lead to Libya becoming a failing or failed state is of vital importance. In this monograph, United Kingdom-based academic Dr. Mohammed El-Katiri reviews the major challenges to the new Libyan regime, including the continuing role of tribalism and the difficulty posed by the NTC's lack of a monopoly on ensuring security in Tripoli and beyond. Key issues of concern to foreign partners when engaging with the ...

Libya a Man a People and no State

The argument of this essay is that Totalitarianism as an ideology does not require the existence of a totalitarian state, which case-study will be Qhadafi’s Libya in between 1975 and 2011. The literature, from Linz & Stephan categorisation of Totalitarianism to Thompson review of Sultanistic derivations of Totalitarianism, is lacking in the definition of what makes Libya such a particular example of a Totalitarian Ideology, the Jamahiriya, without a Totalitarian form of State. This Essay firstly revisits Libyan History to understand why it was not possible to establish a Modern Weberian State in this country. Regarding with the conclusions of this historical briefing, three main explanations will be then considered to justify the exceptionality of this case-study: 1) the Libyan historical context of permanent colonialism until 1951; 2) the anti-government core values of Jamahiriya as an ideology and the implications of it in the State; 3) the complex linkages and interdependence between Qhadafi’s regime and Libyan Tribal Society. In conclusion, this essay will verify these three explanations and will present the counter-argument that this assumption of Libya did not having a strong state might be a product of a western understanding of Totalitarianism Theories.

THE STATE OF LIBYA CONFRONTED WITH HISTORY: A CHALLENGE FOR THE EUROPEAN UNION'S SECURITY

Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference "STRATEGIES XXI" ROMANIA IN THE NEW INTERNATIONAL SECURITY DYNAMICS -NATIONAL DEFENCE COLLEGE, "CAROL I" NATIONAL DEFENCE UNIVERSITY, 2019

Toppling of the Libyan President Muammar al-Gaddafi in 2011 led to the disappearance of a completely original regime and order, the Jamahiriya, which was built in the 42-year leadership of the "Leader of the Revolution." The specific structures of power, had been violently destroyed during the events from 2011. They were replaced by the new political, military, social, economic-both exogenous and indigenous-actors, who are since, in a fierce competition and rivalry to control power and resources in this African country situated in a dangerous proximity of the European Union. One of the consequences of what is seems as a never-ending conflict in Libya after the fall of Gaddafi, is that it transformed into a constant transited state by (illegal) migrants towards Europe, one the one hand, and at a serious source of instability with all the ingredients specific to contemporary conflicts in the Middle East and North Africa region, on the other. Thus, the aim of this paper is to understand why a political unity or reaching a consensus, prove to be almost impossible tasks to accomplish by international and national actors in post-Gaddafi period, mostly by having a look into the modern history of this African state. A subsequent objective is to identify measures taken to counter the illegal migration flows towards Europe by local, regional and international entities, giving the fact that there was/is a critical lack of a legitimacy of any of the (self proclaimed) government/s within the Libyan territory.

Re-Centering Libya's History: Mediterranean Bulwark, Defender of Africa, or Bridge between Continents

Lamma, 2020

This paper discusses Libya's geo-historical identity from the Italian colonial period until the end of the Qaddafi regime. It specifically looks at characterizations of the country as Mediterranean or African in the different periods. By examining the historiographic discourse in Italian and Arabic as well as the political aesthetics and symbolisms connected with the colonial and the Qaddafi regimes, the article shows how varying characterizations were linked to geo-political agendas. Finally, it presents a third characterization: that of Libya as a connecting link between regions and continents, which has become prominent in more recent times.

A Nation at the Periphery: Libyan Regionalism Revisited

2011

This article places the current Libyan conflict in historical perspective by focusing on the dynamics between the country's two main regions (Tripolitania and Cyrenaica) during key moments of the 20 th century. Particular attention is given to the different way each of the two regions approached the early period of Italian colonialism, from 1911 to 1923. The paper shows that historical relations between the two regions are characterized by both independence and interdependence and that this pattern is reemerging as the country transitions to a new era.