Archaeogeophysical Study on the Site of Tell Toukh El-Qaramous, Sharkia Governorate, East Nile Delta, Egypt (original) (raw)
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The archaeological site of Tell Toukh El-Qaramous, which is located to the south of Abu Kebir, Sharkiya Governorate, was subjected to detailed geophysical studies using magnetic vertical gradient and geoelectric resistivity survey. The success of these surveys depends on the contrast in the physical properties between the dominant sedimentary deposits (clays and sands) and the buried archeological constructions. The area of study occupies about 80 acres at present. It was subjected firstly to a regional geophysical survey to discover the subsurface conditions above one of the most important military fortress that had been constructed to be vanguard of the eastern entry to Egypt during the Ptolemaic age (323-30 BC).
GEOPHYSICAL INVESTIGATION AT TELL EL-DABAA ʺAVARISʺ ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE
A. I. Taha, G. El - Qady, M. A. Metwaly, U. Massoud, 2011
Tell El-Dabaa is one of the important archaeological sites in the Eastern part of the Nile Delta. It is located at about 7 km north of Faqous city, Sharqiya governorate, Egypt. The ancient name of El-Dabaa area was Avaris, which had been considered as the main capital of Hyksos (Dynasty XV) from 1650 to 1542 B.C. The whole area was covered by the deltaic deposits during the successive flood events along Nile Delta. Geomagnetic and geoelectric surveys have been carried out in order to outline the subsurface archaeological remains in this area. The target area, which is about 10000 m 2 , was surveyed in grid pattern each of 20x 10 m for magnetic survey and 20 × 20 m for geoelectri-cal resistance survey. Integrated results of the magnetic and geoelectric data analysis have succeeded in delineating a clear subsurface picture of archaeological remains. The results show many linear anomalies, which may represent buried walls, as well as some small archaeological remains detached from the main walls. Also, we could notice some rectangular features with different sizes, which might be described as remains of different archaeological buildings. Besides, some circular structures with small size obtained and could be interpreted as columns foundations.
GEOPHYSICAL INVESTIGATION AT TELL EL-DABAA" AVARIS" ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE
Tell El -Dabaa is one of the important archaeological sites in the Eastern part of the Nile Delta. It is located at about 7 km north of Faqous city, Sharqiya governorate, Egypt. The ancient name of El-Dabaa area was Avaris, which had been considered as the main capital of Hyksos (Dynasty XV) from 1650 to 1542 B.C. The whole area was covered by the deltaic deposits during the successive flood events along Nile Delta. Geomagnetic and geoelectric surveys have been carried out in order to outline the subsurface archaeological remains in this area. The target area, which is about 10000 m 2 , was surveyed in grid pattern each of 20x 10 m for magnetic survey and 20 × 20 m for geoelectrical resistance survey. Integrated results of the magnetic and geoelectric data analysis have succeeded in delineating a clear subsurface picture of archaeological remains. The results show many linear anomalies, which may represent buried walls, as well as some small archaeological remains detached from the main walls. Also, we could notice some rectangular features with different sizes, which might be described as remains of different archaeological buildings. Besides, some circular structures with small size obtained and could be interpreted as columns foundations.
Shallow geophysical investigations at the Akhmimarchaeological site, Suhag, Egypt
Ground penetrating radar, electromagnetic terrain conductivity, and electric tomography have proven to be effective tools if they are combined together to investigate archeological sites. We have conducted a geophysical survey at the Akhmim archaeological site, the main objective of our survey is to locate additional buried structures for further excavation. Geophysical data were acquired in the area using the GEM-300 multi-frequency terrain conductivity profiler, the SIR 2000 ground penetrating radar, and the Syscal R2 resistivity meter systems. The results of the integrated interpretation show a number of buried features and a strong linear zone about 1 m wide that coincides with the suspected trend of a buried wall. There appears to be two parallel ridges of strong refl ections on either side, indicating two parallel walls extended East-West and a room is identifi ed at the bottom left corner of the site. Moreover, the interpretation results of some selected GPR and dipoledipole resistivity profi les adjacent to the open-air museum suggest the existence of a second statue of Ramses II to the right of the previously discovered statue which could still be buried in the sand.
Three shallow geophysical tools (microgravity, geoelectrical resistivity and seismic refraction) were measured to define the excavations probably occurred in the near-surface section of Tabit El-Geish sites, Saqqara area, Giza Governorate, Egypt. The topographical, geomorphological characteristics and the surface geological settings of the studied location were studied, in which the loose sediments of Quaternary age were cropped out on the ground of low surface features. Talwani and Ewing, 1960 and Plouff, 1976, and isolated into regionals and residuals through Geosoft package (1994 to check the locations of the possible cavities.
Egyptian Journal of Applied Science, 2023
Many different countries use geophysical technologies in their archaeological research. In the study area (Menofia, Egypt), we employed magnetic and ground-penetrating radar techniques. In the southern part of Egypt's northern Delta, between the Nile Rashid and Damietta branches, is the Menofia Governorate. Tal-El Bendariya was chosen as the study location since the majority of its activity ended during the Roman era. For the magnetic survey, Tal-El Bendariya was separated into three locations (sites), and one suitable site was chosen for the GPR study. Using Geoplot, Reflexw, and Surfer software, the magnetic data and GPR data were corrected processed, and interpreted to produce images that depicted the underground artifacts that were present in the area. The magnetic data at Tal-El Bendariya revealed a significant number of anomalies with a variety of unusual geometric patterns. They are interpreted to be the location of historical hearths and kilns made of firebricks as well as fragments of ancient walls made of fire and mud bricks. The findings from the GPR data, meanwhile, point to a few scattered parts of mud brick walls. It was established that the research region at Tal-El Bendariya might have been an area of an ancient pottery industry during the Roman era after integrating the magnetic and GPR results.
The main target of this study is to detect the ancient archaeological remains by using Helicopter Electromagnetic Method (HEM) and Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) survey at “Tell Defenneh” Area, which is located in the west bank of Suez Canal at the northeastern Desert of Egypt. It is far about 15 Km to the northeast of “Qantara Gharb” town which is a part of “Ismailia” governorate. This area is full of different archaeological features, because it is located in the ancient international trade-military road (Horus Road). This road connected ancient Egypt with its neighboring eastern countries. In additional to that, this area used to protect ancient Egypt from invaders, who came from the East. HEM has been used to detect the conductivity anomalies over the study area. These anomalies are useful to show the different and distinctive places which can be focused, on small scalar, by GPR to identify it more clearly in the study area. According to the HEM data, it was noticed that there are distinctive geometric shape with very low resistivity or very high conductivity values in the northeastern part of the study area. These data have been supported by GPR survey focused on this part. It was suggested that these anomalies may be due to old man-made mud bricks that was customary used in the building in ancient times. The subsequently archaeological excavations, which are based on these interpreted data as a guide and proof, revealed that the remains belong to the citadel of pharaoh “Psamtik I” (664-610 BC). This result confirms that the incorporated geophysical methods can be efficiently supplied in the archaeological prospection in Egypt.
Archaeo-Geophysical Survey around Itay El-Baroud Area, Nile Delta, Egypt
Archaeological Discovery, 2014
Around the Nile Delta branches, the ancient settlements had been created and left their remains to be good witness for the paleoenvironment during the Holocene time. Therefore, tracing of these remains and their associated environments are of great importance. The area of study is located in the central part of the western Nile Delta (west of Rosetta branch), around Itay El-Baroud city. It is located between Latitudes 30˚50'N -31˚N and Longitudes 30˚35'E -30˚45'30''E covering an area of about 380 Km². It is mainly covered with cultivated lands and is characterized by its numerous archaeological hills such as Kom Geif. It also includes the Greek trading centre of Naukratis. The city was extinct about the beginning of the third century A.D. The archaeological site of Naukratis is now occupied by Kom Geif village. Integrated geophysical studies including magnetic and multi-frequency electromagnetic methods were conducted at Kom Geif village. The study area is divided into two main sectors sites: A (100 m × 20 m in length) and B (40 m × 40 m in length), respectively in 18 grids. Each gird is 10 m × 20 m and subdivided into a number of parallel traverses with spacing of 0.5 meter. Site A was selected to carry out a detailed electromagnetic survey in E-W direction, 20 zigzag profiles with 100 m length and 1 m interval were carried out. The station intervals along each line were 1 m. Based on the interpretation of the acquired geophysical data, seven structures of possible archaeological interest (mud bricks) have been recognized in a relatively small area at the southern end of Kom Geif Lake. Further detail geophysical studies are important to establish the nature, date, depth and state of preservation of these buried archaeological remains.