Nanoagriculture and Water Quality Management (original) (raw)
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2018
Due to their small size and unique physicochemical characteristics, nanomaterials have gained importance in the agri-food sector, notably in preservation and packaging. Future applications will focus on shelf life, food quality, safety, fortification and biosensors for contaminated or spoiled food, irrigating water and drinking water. Different types and shapes of nanomaterials are being used depending upon the needs and nature of the work in agriculture and water quality management. Here we review the application of nanotechnology in agriculture. The major points discussed are: (1) Nanomaterials for agriculture and water quality management. (2) Research interests such as nanoscale carriers, fabricated xylem vessels, nanolignocellulosic materials, clay nanotubes, photocatalysis, bioremediation of resistant pesticides, disinfectants, agricultural wastewater treatment, nanobarcode technology, quantum dots for staining bacteria and nanobiosensors. (3) Nanotechnological applications for agriculture, which includes nanolignodynamic metallic particles, photocatalysis, desalination, removal of heavy metals and wireless nanosensors.
Nanotechnology applications in pollution sensing and degradation in agriculture: a review
Environmental Chemistry Letters, 2009
With the rise in the global population, the demand for increased supply of food has motivated scientists and engineers to design new methods to boost agricultural production. With limited availability of land and water resources, growth in agriculture can be achieved only by increasing productivity through good agronomy and supporting it with an effective use of modern technology. Advanced agronomical methods lay stress not only on boosting agricultural produce through use of more effective fertilizers and pesticides, but also on the hygienic storage of agricultural produce. The detrimental effects of modern agricultural methods on the ecosystem have raised serious concerns amongst environmentalists. The widespread use of persistent pesticides globally over the last six decades has contaminated groundwater and soil, resulting in diseases and hardships in non-target species such as humans and animals. The first step in the removal of disease causing microbes from food products or harmful contaminants from soil and groundwater is the effective detection of these damaging elements. Nanotechnology offers a lot of promise in the area of pollution sensing and prevention, by exploiting novel properties of nanomaterials. Nanotechnology can augment agricultural production and boost food processing industry through applications of these unique properties. Nanosensors are capable of detecting microbes, humidity and toxic pollutants at very minute levels. Organic pesticides and industrial pollutants can be degraded into harmless and often useful components, through a process called photocatalysis using metal oxide semiconductor nanostructures. Nanotechnology is gradually moving out from the experimental into the practical regime and is making its presence felt in agriculture and the food processing industry. Here we review the contributions of nanotechnology to the sensing and degradation of pollutants for improved agricultural production with sustainable environmental protection.
Nanotechnology Applications in Agriculture: An Update
2015
Although the scientific studies on the applications of nanotechnology in the agriculture are less than a decade old yet the prospects of nanotechnology in this field are considerable. The rapid developments in the nanosciences have a great impact on agricultural practices and food manufacturing industries. Nanotechnology has an enormous potential to offer smarter, stronger, cost-effective packaging materials, biosensors for the rapid detection of the food pathogens, toxins and other contaminants or food adulterants. It is also plays an important role in developing new generation of pesticides with the safe carriers, preservation and packaging of food and food additives, strengthening of natural fibre, removal of various contaminants from the soil and water bodies by using functionalized nanoparticles and improving the shelf-life of the vegetables, flowers and fruits. In spite of the above mentioned immense uses, the competency is being exhibited in some of success business models in...
Nanomaterials and Diverse Agricultural Applications: A Comprehensive Review
International Journal of Environment and Climate Change
Climate change, the population explosion and the growing demand for good food and health require better, more reliable and more efficient. The different shape, size, composition and ability to interact with organic compounds make nanomaterials and technology widely used. Nano formulations and their applications in agriculture in the form of agrochemicals for crop protection, toxicity identification by nanobiosensors, genetic manipulation of plants treated by nanodevices, and rapid and efficient diseases of plants. The delivery of genetic material and proteins via nano-arrays has been proven in crop engineering, drug delivery and environmental monitoring. Nanotechnology also benefits the food industry by improving all stages of food production from food processing to production, processing, packaging, safety, extending shelf life, testing for disease and creating smart foods. Therefore, technology can meet the needs of most consumers, including the improvement of food products and...
Nanomaterials in Plants, Algae and Microorganisms
Nanomaterials in Plants, Algae and Microorganisms, 2019
Nanoparticles (NPs) are particles in a nanorange structure with unique optical, magnetic, electrical, and thermal properties (Luo et al., 2015). Compared to their bulk materials they have more strength with superior conductivity and reactivity (Annadhasan et al., 2014). The large number of surface atoms alters the surface-related properties of the particle in their nanosize. These surface atoms make these NPs very reactive for use as catalysts. In addition, high surface energy and spatial confinement properties of the NPs aid in quantum effects. Quantum confinement alters the energy band structure and charge carrier density, which in turn alters the optical and electronic properties (Buzea et al., 2007; Roduner, 2006). Nanotechnology utilizing these nanomaterials is a multifaceted technology that has been applied in material science, electronics, energy sectors, biotechnology, medicine, and many other sectors. In agriculture, it has gained momentum over time with an abundance of public funding and government policies to combat food crises. Numerous scientific reports and patents filed in this field suggest the advancement of nanotechnology in crop protection and disease management (Parisi et al., 2015). In farming, nanointervention improves yield by increasing the efficiency of nutrient uptake and protects crops from pests through nanoformulations of pesticides. Development of new-generation pesticides with better carrier systems and decontamination of water and soil using nanotechnology also helps in crop protection. Moreover, bionanotechnology helps in better understanding host-parasite interaction at the molecular level. Preservation and packaging of food are some of the other applications of nanotechnology. It is a boon to the concept of precision farming, which aims for targeted delivery, firm attachment, and controlled release of the active material. Encapsulation or entrapment of agrochemicals using polymers and dendrimers by surface ionic attachment helps in their controlled release and improves solubility and stability. Because of their antimicrobial activity, nanoparticles of metals such as silver, zinc oxide, and titanium oxide, and nonmetals such as silica and sulfur can be used to eradicate bactericideand fungicide-resistant pathogens (
MILESTONES OF NANOSCIENCE IN ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY- A
Nanotechnology is an emerging field that has the ability to consistently change and modify the properties of nanostructures by controlling their surface properties and structure at a nanoscale level. These valuable characteristics make nanoparticles highly attractive candidates for use in the field of environmental biotechnology ranging from fundamental scientific studies to commercially useable treatment technologies. Nanotechnology had played immense role in sensing and detecting various pollutants, pollution prevention and in vast number of remediation treatment technologies. It plays a vital role in the development of new methodologies to produce novelnano-products, to replace already existing equipment and to reformulate new chemicals and materials with enhanced performance and efficacy. All these improvements results in less energy consumption, detection and sensing of pollutants, environmental remediation, water, soil and air purification, cleaner production and prevention of food contamination and spoilage which in turns provides great human health and life style benefits. Environmental applications of nano science not only addresses the development of solutions to cope with existing environmental problems but also elaborate different preventive measures for various problems that may occur in the future. This review discusses the recent advances and application of nanotechnology in the field of environmental biotechnology. It sheds light on the process and pros and cons of almost all the nanomaterials such as metal oxides, metal nanoparticles, zeolites, carbon compounds, filtration membranes, nanoadsorbents, and photocatalysts for efficient environment treatment and remediation. Not only the beneficial properties but their comparisons with conventional processes are also reported. This review briefly illustrates the commercialization aspect together with the future prospects of nanotechnology related to environment, health and production process.
Agriculture
The modern agricultural system is facing the unprecedented task of contriving the extensive demand for agrarian production owing to population explosion and global climate change. The employment of Nanotechnology in agriculture has gained immense interest in recent times for the development of sustainable agricultural technologies and environmental remediation strategies. Nanotechnology pertains to the employment of nanoparticles and furnishes the potential to fabricate novel materials and products possessing improved quality. The nanomaterials may be used as; nanosensors, nanocides, nanofertilizers, nanobarcodes, and nano-remediators, which play a significant role in modern agricultural practices. However, the physical and chemical processes of nanoparticle production is neither economical nor environmentally sustainable. Therefore, the need for green or biogenic nanoparticles obtained from plants, bacteria, fungi or their metabolites has emerged as novel, sustainable, economical, ...
Applications of Nanotechnology in Agriculture
Applications of Nanobiotechnology [Working Title]
Nanotechnology has gained intense attention in the recent years due to its wide applications in several areas like medicine, medical drugs, catalysis, energy and materials. Those nanoparticles with small size to large surface area (1-100 nm) have several potential functions. These days, sustainable agriculture is needed. The development of nanochemicals has appeared as promising agents for the plant growth, fertilizers and pesticides. In recent years, the use of nanomaterials has been considered as an alternative solution to control plant pests including insects, fungi and weeds. Several nanomaterials are used as antimicrobial agents in food packing in which several nanoparticles such as silver nanomaterials are in great interest. Many nanoparticles (Ag, Fe, Cu, Si, Al, Zn, ZnO, TiO 2 , CeO 2 , Al 2 O 3 and carbon nanotubes) have been reported to have some adverse effects on plant growth apart from the antimicrobial properties. In food industries, nanoparticles are leading in forming the food with high quality and good nutritive value.
Nanomaterials for Agriculture Input Use Efficiency
Resources Use Efficiency in Agriculture, 2020
Nanotechnology is an interdisciplinary stream of science which deals with the synthesis and application of nanoparticles (NPs) ranging from 1 to 100 nm. Nanotechnology is seen as a new tool for the various problems faced in agriculture and other allied sectors. Agriculture system is facing problems like generation of resistance among microbes due to excessive use of pesticides and deteriorating soil health by the abundant use of fertilizers, exhibiting damaging effect on the environment. A large quantum of applied fertilizers and pesticides get lost in the surrounding and not consumed by plants which limit the use of conventional methods. Nanoscience could be the potential solution to these limitations because bioactive compounds are encapsulated here and release at a controlled rate, providing input use efficiency. Diseases could be easily detected by the use of nanosensors at an early stage and thus also be controlled at the earliest for better productivity. Various disease controlling products are in use, such as nano-pesticides, nano-fungicides and nano-bactericides, to protect the crops from various kinds of biological stresses caused by different microorganisms. Small surface area to volume ratio of NPs contributes to their better absorption ability. Post-harvest techniques using nanosensors help check food quality with better packaging and transport which results in reduced postharvest losses. The agriculture sector also contributes to a large amount of agriculture waste which is being transformed using nanomaterials and put into efficient use. Productivity in agriculture has been improved using nanobiotechnology by the use of nanocarriers to transfer the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) fragment at the proper site and to bring the desired result. Thus, nanomaterials contribute to improved nutrients use efficiency. This chapter entails the use of nanomaterials in improving soil health, plant productivity, disease detection, control and treatment, genetic transformation, post-harvest value addition, and reducing agriculture waste. Along with these benefits, nanomaterials may cause harm to the environment, so proper hazard assessment and regulations should be brought in for the optimal use of nanotechnology. Use of nanomaterials can result in the achievement of sustainable agriculture, thus, could be promoted with proper regulation in place.
Nanotechnologies: Novel Solutions for Sustainable Agriculture
Advances in Crop Science and Technology, 2014
Development of nanotechnologies has taken a significant extent since the 1970s. These technologies concern all processes and manipulations of materials with at least one dimension that approximately measures 1-100 nm. Nanomaterials and applications derived from using nanotechnologies are of interest to agriculture. They present opportunities to help address the issues of sustainable agriculture by reducing agricultural inputs and improving productivity and food and water safety [1]. Currently, nanotechnologies have many applications in all stages of production, processing, storing, packaging and transport of agricultural products.