Wheelock.Chapter21.Amazons.docx (original) (raw)

Marginalizing Exemplarity? Hercules in Silius Italicus’ Punica.

Dynamics Of Marginality: Liminal Characters and Marginal Groups in Neronian and Flavian Literature (pp. 113-136). Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter., 2023

Focusing on the dynamics of marginality and marginalization surrounding Hercules’ liminal, vulnerable, and ambivalent status in the Punica as well as his transgressive heroism, this chapter casts further light on the epic’s moralizing mechanism which often invests on ambiguity to evoke the abnormal ethics of the early Empire. It illustrates how the complicated aspects of Hercules as a model for kingship and cosmocracy, square not only with his autocratic twist in Seneca’s Hercules Furens, but also with his implicit ‘marginalization’ in the Flavian epics as a result of his emotional instability. More specifically, Hercules’ complex heroic exemplum together with his liminal status is best reflected in the polarized portrayal of the major characters of the Punica who are connected to him either as heroes or villains, while it resonates the emotional instability and extreme theatricality of Rome’s controversial emperor, Nero, whose disastrous reign left an indelible mark on his age.

O'HaraRevNelisAeneid&ApolloniusCR2004.pdf

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Romulus’ adytum or asylum? A New Exegetical Proposal for "De lingua Latina" 5, 8

Ciceroniana on line, 2017

A long-standing debate surrounds Varro’s structure of etymology in four progressive levels in ling. 5, 8, whereby each level is connected to a different kind of analysis and applies to a different class of words. A cryptic and elliptic expression, in an almost certainly corrupted passage in the manuscript of the text, covers the fourth level in uncertainty and ambiguity. While some scholars have retained the transmitted Quartus, ubi est aditus et initia regis (“The fourth level is where lies the entrance and the origins of the king”), the majority of modern interpretation rather advocates the emendation of aditus in adytum (“sanctuary”) and reads the passage as a reference to diverse kinds of mysteric cults, embedding the fourth level of etymology in an esoteric frame. This paper brings forward the proposal that the passage at issue contains no allusion to the mysteries, but a reference to the partly historical, partly legendary episode of Romulus’ foundation of a “sanctuary” on the Capitoline Hill, open to all beseechers coming from all peoples and social statuses. This institution led to the formation of the first core of the Roman inhabitants and, subsequently, of the vernacular substrate at the basis of the Latin language; as such, this episode agrees with Varro’s interest and ideas. The hypothesis that the quartus gradus etymologiae is to be connected to Romulus’ asylum may be defended either by reading the word adytum with a brand-new meaning, or by proposing to emend the text (aditus > asylum), thus obtaining: Quartus, ubi est asylum et initia regis.

Competitive Speech in Tacitus' Dialogus: Handout

1. Structure of the Dialogus a) Aper on oratory (5.3-10.8) vs. Maternus on poetry (11.1-13.6) b) Aper on modern orators (16.4-23.6) vs. Messalla on ancient ones (25.1-26.8) c) Messalla on education (28.1-35.5) vs. Maternus on politics (36.1 -41.5) NB: Small lacuna between 35.5 and 36.1 2. Formal Rules of Rhetoric: Aper 5.3-10.8 • partitio at 5.4: outlines utilitas, voluptas, fama as the topics he will cover • tractatio, in which each topic introduced in order: o 5.5: nam si ad utilitatem vitae o 6.1: ad voluptatem oratoriae eloquentiae transeo o 7.3: fama et laus cuius artis cum oratorum gloria comparanda est? • exempla at 8.1-8.4: Eprius Marcellus and Vibius Crispus • refutatio at 9.1-10.2: anticipates counter arguments • conclusio at 10.3-8: makes some minor concessions 3. The Dialogus as a Trial a) neque enim defuit qui diversam quoque partem susciperet (1.4) nor did we lack someone to undertake the opposite case b) quatenus arbitrum litis huius invenimus (5.4) seeing that we have found a judge for this lawsuit c) inde enim omnis fluxit oratio (9.1) since this is the source of the entire speech d) dignam tractatu quaestionem movisti (16.1) you have raised a question worthy of discussion e) interveni...causae alicuius meditationem tractantibus? have I interrupted you while you're engaged in planning some case? f) inauditum et indefensum (16.4) unheard and undefended g) oblatum nobis iudicem (4.2) a judge has been provided for us

Sabinus and Cotta in Caesar’s Bellum Gallicum - paper

2014

With the recent revision of the syllabus for AP Latin to include passages from Caesar's Bellum Gallicum in addition to a reduced number of passages from Vergil's Aeneid (sadly, only from books 1-6), more and more teachers at the AP level are likely to be in search of engaging and effective approaches for helping their students get the most out of their time with Caesar the "artful reporter" as well as with Caesar the orator, statesman, and general. At the same time, with this reintroduction of the Bellum Gallicum into the curriculum, more and more scholars are likely to perceive the growing demand for resources and respond accordingly. Indeed, in the past few years since the revisions were first announced, two excellent textbooks specifically designed for the new AP Latin syllabus have appeared, one edited by David Perry and published by Pearson Prentice Hall, the other edited by Hans-Friedrich Mueller and published by Bolchazy-Carducci.