CUMMINGS - AD diagnostic criteria; practical applications - Alzheimer’s Research & Therapy 2012, 4 35.pdf (original) (raw)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) has traditionally been defi ned as a type of dementia, and criteria have been provided by the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke -Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association (NINCDS-ADRDA) [1], the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) , and the 10th revision of the International Classifi cation of Diseases (ICD-10) . Of these sets of criteria, the NINCDS-ADRDA criteria were most widely used in dementia research. Th ere were several notable aspects of these criteria: (a) patients had to have cognitive defi cits and functional compromise severe enough to meet criteria for dementia, (b) a confi rmed diagnosis depended on postmortem examination, (c) the most accurate diagnosis that the clinician could make for the living patient was 'probable AD' , (d) other possible causes of cognitive impairment had to be excluded by the clinician, and (e) the cognitive defi cits were not oper ationa lized for characteristics or severity. When applied by expert clinicians, these criteria have an 80% positive predictive value and a 60% negative predictive value for the accurate clinical diagnosis of AD when compared with postmortem examination .

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