Field screening of popular jute (Corchorus spp.) varieties against the major pests in West Bengal, India (original) (raw)
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International Journal of Agricultural Invention
Field screening of eleven most popular jute varieties belonging to Corchorus olitorius species was done against the major pests in the farm of Jute Research Programm, Itahari, Sunsari, Nepal during 2017 and 2018. Different species of pests belonging to insects, mites and nematodes were found feeding on jute. Among them, jute Semilooper (Anomis sabulifera Guen.), Bihar hairy caterpillar (Spilarctia obliqua Wlk.), yellow mite (Polyphagotarson emuslatus Banks), are causing economic damage to the jute crop. Eleven jute varieties were selected to conduct varietal preference and tested against major pest of jute in field condition. Among the eleven varieties JRO-524 was found to be moderately resistant against the Semilooper (A. sabulifera) and Bihar hairy caterpillar (S. oblique) but least susceptible to yellow mites. Likewise, the variety KEN-DS-058, KEN-DS-066, BJRI-1965 and BJRI-1968 showed highly susceptible to major pest Semilooper (A. sabulifera), Bihar hairy caterpillar (S. obliqu...
2012
Jute is the most important fibre crop next to cotton. Two species of jute viz. Corchorus olitorius and Corchorus capsulanis are cultivated widely in one million hectares of land in India. The crop mainly grown in Eastern India during the summer season. Both the species are attacked by number of insect and mite pests throughout their growing season. Among the pest complex of jute, yellow mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus Banks. (P. latus) [1]. is considered as one of the major pest of the crop Though a good number of varieties under both the species are developed but very few are gaining popularity among the farmers. The cultivated varieties are not equally attacked by various pests. The inherent varietal characteristics renders resistance/tolerant or susceptibility against a particular pest. Several works have been conducted to evaluate jute germplasms against some major pests. However, in the changing scenario of pests management programme, there is need to evaluate the resistant/tol...
Folia Horticulturae, 2013
This study investigated the effect of plant extracts (Azadirachta indica and Piper guineense) on the growth and yield of jute (Corchorus olitorius L.) (Cor) under sole and mixed cropping with Amaranthus hybridus (Ama) and Celosia argentea (Cel). The highest percentage increase in plant height, number of leaves, number of branches and stem girth (130.6, 865.0, 220.4 and 114.0%, respectively) was found in untreated Cor + Cel, cypermethrin treated Cor + Ama, cypermethrin treated Cor and A. indica extract treated Cor + Ama, respectively. The highest percentage increase in shoot weight (71.0%), marketable yield (53.9%) and total biomass (51.5%) was in A. indica treated C. olitorius. Extract treatment had no effect on the number of branches at four, five and seven weeks after planting (WAP) in Cor + Ama + Cel; four, five and six WAP in Cor + Cel; four and six WAP in Cor + Ama; as well as four and five WAP in Cor. The highest percentage increase in leaf fresh weight was obtained in cyperme...
Plant growth curves and fibre quality changes of jute (Corchorus spp.) grown in Bangladesh
Field Crops Research, 1985
Plant growth curves and fibre quality changes o f jute (Corchorus spp.) grown in Bangladesh. Field Crops Res., 12: 387-395. Growth curves for Corchorus capsularis cv. D-154 and C. olitorius cv. 0-4 have been determined as a preliminary step in identifying and quantifying growth limitations o f com m only grown jute genotypes. Dry matter accumulation o f both genotypes was exponential for 40-50 days from sowing, with relative growth rates (R G R) o f 0.14-0.20 g g_1 day"1 for 'D-154' and about 0.20 g g "1 d ay"1 for '0-4 '. Thereafter, R GR declined markedly and continued at low a rate until final harvest, at up to 174 days. The decline in RGR coincided with the onset o f the m onsoon period. Harvest index, the proportion o f fibre in the above-ground material, reached 18-20% in both 'D-154' and ' 0-4 ' after 75 and 65 days from sowing, respectively. Visually as sessed fibre quality was at a maximum between 75 and 105 days fo r 'D-154' and 50 and 70 days for '0-4 '. After these periods quality progressively declined. These data suggest that there is considerable scope fo r genetic improvement o f both total dry matter production and harvest index o f jute, and thus total fibre yield/ The key to such improvement appears to be prolonging the period o f high R GR beyond 50 days, so as to maximise fibre production when its quality is highest.
Breeding for combining yield and fibre quality in white jute (Corchorus capsularis L.) accessions
Journal of Tropical Agriculture, 2011
Diallel crosses were made among eight parents with high yield potential, good fibre quality, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Twenty crosses showing high F 1 mean, high gca and high gca effects for one or both parents were identified and carried forward by modified bulk method for selecting transgressive segregates. A micro plot trial was conducted with four best F 7 lines along with two checks. Fibre yield, fibre percentage, and stick weight of all the four lines were higher than that of the checks. Analysis of variance revealed that differences in plant height, fibre yield, stick weight, and fibre percentage were significant. Line 2 derived from the cross combination CIJ 072 × CEX 045 was the best performer with regard to fibre yield, stick weight, and fibre % followed by line 1 derived from JRC 698 × CIJ 121. All four lines had fairly good fibre strength and fineness.
BJRI Tossa-5 (O-795) An Improved Variety of Corchorus olitorius L
Bangladesh Jute Research Institute (BJRI) had released an improved variety of high yielding and better quality fibre of Corchorus olitorius L. in December 2008 namely “BJRI Tossa-5” (Lal Tossa)/(O-795). The variety was evolved from a single cross between a wild African germplasm (Uganda Red) and a late sowing photosensitive released variety (cv. O-4), where pure line selection was made subsequently. The first red-pigmented tossa jute variety having distinct morpho-agronomic feature, was a great achievement of BJRI. Its stem tall, cylindrical and reddish with red stipule and light reddish petiole. Golden bright better quality fibre than the other existing high yielding cv. O-9897 and cv. O-72 (BJRI Tossa-4). This improved variety performed higher as compared to cv. O-72 in terms of On-Farm yield trails at all the Regional Research Stations during 2004-05 to 2007-08. It was observed less photosensitive than the others having a wider sowing range from 14 March to April. Agronomic trials proved no early flowering occurred even seeding could be done one week before 14 March and crop could be harvested at 110 days of field duration to fit the crop in three cropped pattern. Potential yield of the variety was about 5.0 tha-1 by maintaining the plant population 3.5-4.0 lac.ha-1, however in farmers field the average yield was observed 3.4 tha-1, was calculated 10% higher than the check cv. O-72. Pest and disease infestation recorded lower in BJRI Tossa-5 (O-795) than those of Pedi-11/95 and the cv. O-9897 studied.