BIODEGRADABLE PLASTICS FROM SAGO STARCH (original) (raw)
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International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology, 2022
The use of conventional plastic has become a priority in various aspects of life but has contributed to environmental problems from the aspect of managing plastic waste. In this study, the feedstock of Sago Starch from Papua was utilized for its potency to produce biodegradable plastic by varying several parameters of chitosan, glycerol, and acetic acid at different levels. The optimum biodegradable plastic characterization of tensile strength of 7.41 MPa, elongation at break corresponding to 24.17%, and the fastest of 40 days durability of completely removed wastes of degradable plastics were achieved. Based on the results obtained, it was concluded that the strength of biodegradable plastic was affected by the amount of chitosan added, while the level of breaking downlinked to elongation at break and degradable period was related to the amount of glycerol as plasticizer used. Acetic acid was found to improve the solubility of the starch by acting as a catalysator, therefore making the homogenization become easily achieved. In addition, the SAS model was used to perform the interaction of all parameters to the characterizations measured of tensile strength and elongation at break. Hence, statistically, all glycerol, chitosan, and acetic acid parameters significantly affected biodegradable plastics characterizations (p < 0.05). By utilizing the right production technology through the stages of feedstock preparation, heating, chemical mixing, and printing, it is expected to produce good quality of biodegradable plastic, eco-friendly product and feasible to support the development of the economic sector in Papua.
Development of Biodegradable Plastic From Sago And Bario Rice Starch Blend
Journal of Polymer Materials 28(3): 457-463, 2011
Biodegradable plastic composites were prepared by casting thermoplastic starches (Bario rice/ Sago starch at ratio 2:3) with natural rubber (0.5-10 %) in the presence of a plasticizer. Bioplastics produced were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), water absorption test, biodegradable test, and mechanical analysis. Increasing natural rubber latex content in the composites showed shifting of melting temperature with increment by 8-23°C, decreased water absorption ability by 18.2 %, decreased biodegradability by 15.0 to 36.8 % and reduced tensile strength by 1.8 to 7.6 %. These properties suggested that Bario rice has good potential in bioplastics casting.
Study on biodegradable plastic from sago with addition of glycerol and serbitor
IOP conference series, 2019
The synthesis of biodegradable plastic film was carried out by using sago starch as main raw material, water as solvent, glycerol and sorbitol as plasticizer. Sago was selected as raw material for plastics not only because it's cheap and easy to obtain, but also the utilization of sago is still very minimal. The research aimed to make the environmental friendly plastic, and to be better than the conventional ones. Parameters plasticizer of the research were glycerol and sorbitol by 7%, 8% and 9% weight of total mass, and the weight ratio of sago starch and water were 1:5, 1:7 and 1:9. The characteristics of plastic film that tested were the test mechanical of characteristic (tensile and elongation) by electronic system Universal Testing Machines, the water adsorption test in accordance with put the film in water for 24 hours, and biodegradability test by buring in the ground. The results showed that the highest tensile strength was 0.363 kgf/cm 2 from concentration of sorbitol 7% and ratio of sago starch and water 1:5. The other way, the highest elongation percent result obtained was 125% from concentration of glycerol 9% with ratio of sago starch and water 1:9. The lowest water adsorption test obtained was 11,11% from concentration 7% glycerol with ratio of sago starch and water 1:7 and the degradable process was performed in 9-12 days.
Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology 18(2): 411– 419, 2010
Polyethylene is a widely used packaging material, but its non-biodegradable nature can lead to waste disposal problems. This increases the concern in research and development of biodegradable plastics from natural resource as alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics. In this study, biodegradable plastic composites were prepared by blending thermoplastic starch with natural rubber in the present of glycerol as plasticizer. Local sago starch was cast with 0.5 to 10% of natural rubber to prepare the bioplastic. The products were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), water absorption test, biodegradable test, hydrolysis test, and mechanical analysis. Meanwhile, composite with natural rubber latex was increased from 0.5 to 10% showing that the melting temperature is in the range of 120 to 150˚C, but with no significant difference. The water absorption characteristics, biodegradability, and tensile strength decreased by 11.21%, 30.18%, and 20.733 MPa, respectively. However, the elongation at break was increased from 26.67 to 503.3%. The findings of this study showed that sago starch has a great potential in bioplastic production with good miscibility and compatibility.
2019
The background of this research began with initiation in Indonesian has been at an alarming level. According to the Indonesian Retail Entrepreneurs Association (APRINDO) in one year, it has reached 10.95 million pieces of plastic bag waste. Therefore, this research aims to accelerate the level of degradation by replacing synthetic polymeric materials into natural polymers, namely using starch because it is easily degraded, abundant. As a solution to the problem, the author invites Biodegradable Plastics from Starch Garut Sweet Potato and Cassava Peel Starch. The research method using the Melt Intercalation method is that no additional solvents are needed in making bioplastic films. As a base material Starch Garut Sweet Potato and Cassava Peel Starch which have high potential as the main ingredients for Biodegradable plastic. Therefore, by combining Starch Garut Sweet Potato and Cassava peel starch, it is hoped that it can minimize the buildup of plastic waste
The effect of water and citric acid on sago starch bio-plastics
2011
Starch is a biodegradable polymer produced in abundance from many renewable resources. This study examined the influence of citric acid (0-40% w/wt%)) and water (0-40% w/wt%) as secondary additive and glycerol as plasticizer on the mechanical properties of bio-plastic starch (BPS) from Malaysian sago. The CA content varies from 0 to 40 w/wt% while water was also varied from 0 to 40 w/wt%. FT-IR spectroscopy showed that acid citric improve the properties of BPS and water give negative effects to the carbon hydrogenbond. It is obvious that the addition of the CA at 30 wt/wt% improve the mechanical property of BPS to more than 40% compare to the addition of water.
2017
The rapid increase in urban population in palembang city be accompanied with the waste plastic problem who estimated 14,5 % plastic waste dominate river and soil. The biodegradable plastic is one solution to overcome the problem of environmental pollution. Plastic Biodegradable is a natural polymer that is easily decomposed by microorganisms. Starch is a polymer that can be used for bio plastic because it is easily updated, and abundant source, for example, a rubber cassava starch (Manihot Glaziovii). This study aimed to determine the effect plasticizers and chitosan composition of the characteristics of biodegradable plastics and obtain optimum composition. Manufacture of biodegradable plastics is done in three stages, manufacture of cassava starch rubber, the manufacture of biodegradable plastics with the addition of sorbitol, glycerol, chitosan composition variation of 50% by weight of starch that is 5 grams, and physical properties of edible film includes tensile strength, perce...
Environmentally degradable sago starch filled low-density polyethylene
Journal of Polymer Engineering, 2015
ABSTRACT Degradable native low density polyethylene (LDPE) and modified LDPE films containing 5–30 wt% of sago starch, and LDPE with prodegradant additives in the form of a master batch (MB) in the amounts of 30% starch were prepared by twin screw extrusion followed by injection molding. Studies on their mechanical properties such as tensile strength and elongation at break and biodegradation were carried out by tensile test and exposure to hydrolysis, fungi environment as well as by natural weathering and burial in soil. The presence of high starch contents had an adverse effect on the tensile properties of the blend films. High starch content was also found to increase the rate of biodegradability of the films. The characteristic parameters of the environment were measured during the period of degradation and their influence on degradation of LDPE was discussed. Changes in weight, morphology, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and tensile properties of polymer samples were tested during the experiment performed.
international Journal of Advanced Science and Engineering, 2021
In today's world, no one can stand without plastic. These ingredients are enormously dependent on several industries including aerospace, food packaging, automotive, plastic shopping bags, and many more. Landfills are full of plastic waste and the accumulation of plastic waste in the environment caused many problems. Plastic shopping bags are made from polyethylene, which causes environmental problems as they are resistant to degradation so they stay in the environment for a long time. In the meantime, there are various options to reduce the environmental problems by increasing the use of biopolymers. In the present study, a mixture of organic compounds of polyethylene and bio-based fillers (sago starch, SS) was prepared. SS was modified with starch cross-linker. Samples with different levels of unmodified starch and the same amount of modified SS was mixed with polyethylene using different additives were fabricated by melt blending method tracked by injection molded to form composites. The loss of tensile strength of the modified composite was less but more elongation at break than unmodified composite, which indicates a good interfacial bond between polyethylene and SS. The biodegradation behavior of these composites was observed in terms of weight loss, morphology, and tensile features during water environment and soil burial.
Journal of Bioprocess, Chemical and Environmental Engineering Science
Bioplastic or biodegradable plastic is one of alternative replacement to conventional plastic that has the potential to harmful to the environment. One of the raw material that has the potential to be made into bioplastic is sago starch because it has ability to degraded. The general purpose of this research is to determine the characteristics of sago-based bioplastic by modified the citric acid, microcrystalline cellulose filler, plasticizer sorbitol and glycerol. The synthesis method is casting of starch, water, filler Micro Cristalline Cellulose (MCC) with varying plasticizer sorbitol and glycerol with composition of filler is (15-25 % w/w), composition of plasticizer (25– 35 % w/w), and composition citric acid (3-9 % w/w). The results showed that the treatment with the addition of MCC fillers, plasticizers, and citric acid are contributed to the mechanical properties produced. In the best process conditions (20% w/w MCC filler, plasticizer sorbitol 30% w/w with citric acid 0.95%...