Phylogenetic Distribution of CTX-M- and Non-Extended-Spectrum- -Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolates: Group B2 Isolates, Except Clone ST131, Rarely Produce CTX-M Enzymes (original) (raw)
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Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance, 2019
, a total of 4 354 blood cultures were performed in three hospitals located in different sites of Quito. Bactec™ system was used for blood cultures and the VITEK2 system for species identification and in vitro antibiotic susceptibility testing. ESBL genotype, the blaCTX-M, blaTEM, blaSHV and the phylogenetic group of E. coli isolates was determined by PCR. All strains would be confirmed by multilocus sequence typing MLST. Results: Of total of blood cultures 181 (19.5%) were positive for E. coli, being the most frequent bacilli from blood stream infections (BSI) in each hospital. ESBL-E. coli isolates were 57/181 (31.5%). The main sources of bacteremia were urinary tract infections 40 (70.1%) followed by biliary tract infections 10 (17.5%), and others 7 (12.3%). The majority of strains (n = 39) isolated from the three hospitals belong to the virulent phylogenetic group B2 (68.4%) and 36 (94.8%) of these were E. coli-ST131 clonal complex, and 33 (91.6%) carries blaCTX-M-15. Conclusions: Our results provide knowledge of the phylogenetic of E. coli from bacteremia in Ecuadorian patients. ST131 has emerged in ESBL-E. coli which represents an important public health problem because this multi-resistant clone is considered to be a vehicle for the propagation of genes of resistance to antibiotics and a highly virulent, well-adapted pathogen in humans.
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2012
Escherichia coli sequence type ST131 (from phylogenetic group B2), often carrying the extended-spectrum--lactamase (ESBL) gene bla CTX-M-15 , is an emerging globally disseminated pathogen that has received comparatively little attention in the United States. Accordingly, a convenience sample of 351 ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from 15 U.S. centers (collected in 2000 to 2009) underwent PCR-based phylotyping and detection of ST131 and bla CTX-M-15 . A total of 200 isolates, comprising 4 groups of 50 isolates each that were (i) bla CTX-M-15 negative non-ST131, (ii) bla CTX-M-15 positive non-ST131, (iii) bla CTX-M-15 negative ST131, or (iv) bla CTX-M-15 positive ST131, also underwent virulence genotyping, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Overall, 201 (57%) isolates exhibited bla CTX-M-15 , whereas 165 (47%) were ST131. ST131 accounted for 56% of bla CTX-M-15 -positiveversus 35% of bla CTX-M-15 -negative isolates (P < 0.
International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 2010
Since 2000, Escherichia coli producing CTX-M enzymes have emerged worldwide as important causes of community-onset urinary tract and bloodstream infections owing to extended-spectrum -lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria. Molecular epidemiological studies suggested that the sudden worldwide increase of CTX-M-15-producing E. coli was mainly due to a single clone (ST131) and that foreign travel to high-risk areas, such as the Indian subcontinent, might in part play a role in the spread of this clone across different continents. Empirical antibiotic coverage for these resistant organisms should be considered in community patients presenting with sepsis involving the urinary tract, especially if the patient recently travelled to a high-risk area. If this emerging public health threat is ignored, it is possible that the medical community may be forced, in the near future, to use carbapenems as the first choice for the empirical treatment of serious infections associated with urinary tract infections originating from the community.
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 2020
The present study was carried out to evaluate the prevalence of sequence type 131 (ST131) among 188 extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) collected in 2015 in Lucus Augusti University hospital (Lugo, Spain) and AP-HP Beaujon hospital (Clichy, France) with regard to other STs and to characterize, the types of ESBL produced, serotypes, virulence factor (VF)-encoding genes and the ST131 clades and subclades. ST131 was detected in 33 (39.1%) and 46 (47.9%) of the isolates in Lucus Augusti and Beaujon, respectively. The 109 remaining isolates displayed 57 other STs, the following STs being displayed by at least three isolates: ST10 (8 isolates), ST23 (3), ST38 (4), ST58 (3), ST88 (5), ST95 (4), ST167 (3), ST354 (5), ST361 (3), ST410 (6), ST648 (4), ST744 (3), and ST1615 (6). ST354, ST410, and ST1615 were significantly (P < 0.05) more frequent in Lucus Augusti (5.4%, 6.5%, and 6.5%) than in Beaujon (0% for the three STs). The new globally emerging clone ST1193 among extraintestinal clinical ESBL-EC was identified in one isolate from France and one from Spain. CTX-M-15 was the commonest ESBL detected in the two hospitals (44.6% in Lucus Augusti and 50.0% in Beaujon). CTX-M-14 was significantly (P = 0.0003) more frequent in Lucus Augusti (31.5%) than in Beaujon (10.4%), whereas CTX-M-1 (20.8 vs. 7.6%; P = 0.008) and CTX-M-27 (15.6 vs. 6.5%; P = 0.0389) were more frequent in Beaujon than in Lucus Augusti. The ST131 isolates showed a higher virulence score (mean 13.367) compared with the non-ST131 isolates (mean 7.661) (P < 0.001). Among the 79 ST131 isolates, most of them (52; 65.8%) belonged to subclade C2 (also known as subclone Flament-Simon et al. Clones and Virulence Genes of ESBL-EC H30Rx) followed by those belonging to subclade C1 (cluster C1-M27: 16 isolates, 20.3%; cluster non-C1-M27: 6 isolates, 7.6%) and clade A (4 isolates; 5.1%). The C2 subclade isolates showed a higher VF-encoding gene score (mean 14.250) compared with the C1-M27 cluster isolates (mean 10.875) (P < 0.001). In conclusion, this study highlights the epidemiological differences between the ESBL-EC isolated from two hospitals of France and Spain obtain in 2015 and reports, for the first time, the presence of clone ST1193 in Spain.
Scientific Reports, 2021
The worldwide spread of E. coli ST131 has significantly contributed to the dissemination of E. coli producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL). In a French University hospital, we assessed the molecular features of ESBL-producing E. coli and identified risk factors in patients for colonization or infection with E. coli ST131. Over a 2-year period (2015–2017), each patient with at least one clinical isolate or one screening isolate positive with ESBL-producing E. coli were included (n = 491). The ST131 clonal group accounted for 17.5% (n = 86) of all ESBL-producing E. coli and represented 57.3% isolates of phylogroup B2. FimH-based sub-typing showed that 79.1% (68/86) of ST131 isolates were fimH30, among which 67.6% (n = 46), 20.6% (n = 14) and 11.8% (n = 8) isolates harbored genes encoding the ESBL CTX-M-15, CTX-M-27, and CTX-M-14, respectively. The multivariate analysis identified two factors independently associated with ST131 ESBL-producing E. coli isolates: infection (Odds ...
Osong public health and research perspectives, 2020
Infectious diarrhea is one of the most common causes of pediatric death worldwide and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is one of the main causes. There are 2 subgroups of EPEC, typical and atypical, based on the presence or absence of bundle forming pili (bfp), of which atypical EPEC is considered less virulent, but not less pathogenic. Antimicrobial resistance towards atypical EPEC among children is growing and is considered a major problem. In this study the pattern of antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates was determined. Methods: Using 130 isolates, antibiotic resistance patterns and phenotypes were assessed, and genotypic profiles of extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production using disc diffusion and PCR was carried out. Phylogenetic groups were analyzed using quadruplex PCR. Results: There were 65 E. coli isolates identified as atypical EPEC by PCR, among which the highest antibiotic resistance was towards ampicillin, followed by trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and tetracycline. Multidrug resistance was detected in 44.6% of atypical EPEC isolates. Around 33% of isolates were determined to be extended spectrum β-lactamase producers, and in 90% of isolates, genes responsible for ESBL production could be detected. Moreover, the majority of atypical EPEC strains belonged to Group E, followed by Groups B1, B2 and C. Conclusion: High rates of multidrug resistance and ESBL production among atypical EPEC isolates warrant periodical surveillance studies to select effective antibiotic treatment for patients. It is considered a critical step to manage antibiotic resistance by avoiding unnecessary prescriptions for antibiotics.
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 2010
Quinolone and b-lactam resistance mechanisms and clonal relationships were characterized among Escherichia coli isolates resistant to ciprofloxacin and extended-spectrum cephalosporins associated with human extra-intestinal infections in Rome. The E. coli. ST131 clone was found to be prevalent. This clone invariably carried a specific pattern of substitutions in the topoisomerase genes and all isolates but one produced CTX-M-15. One ST131 isolate produced SHV-12. The new ST131 variant described here is of particular concern because it combines fluoroquinolone resistance and chromosomally encoded CTX-M-15.
Emergence of Extended Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli O25b-ST131
Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, 2015
Clonal lineages of esBL (extended-spectrum β-Lactamase)-producing E. coli belonging to sequence type 131 (ST131) have disseminated globally during the last 30 years, leading to an increased prevalence of resistance to fluoroquinolones and extended-spectrum cephalosporins in clinical isolates of E. coli. We aimed to study if Swedish ESBL-producing ST131 isolates originated from single or multiple introductions to the population by assessing the amount of genetic variation, on chromosomal and plasmid level, between Swedish and international E. coli ST131. Bayesian inference of Swedish E. coli ST131 isolates (n = 29), sequenced using PacBio RSII, together with an international ST131 dataset showed that the Swedish isolates were part of the international ST131 A, C1 and C2 clades. Highly conserved plasmids were identified in three clusters although they were separated by several years, which indicates a strong co-evolution between some ST131 lineages and specific plasmids. In conclusion, the tight clonal relationship observed within the ST131 clades, together with highly conserved plasmids, challenges investigation of strain transmission events. A combination of few SNPs on a genome-wide scale and an epidemiological temporospatial link, are needed to track the spread of the ST131 subclones. Few antibiotic resistant clones have generated as much interest as Escherichia coli ST131. In recent years several papers have described its emergence, evolution, and molecular epidemiology globally 1-9. The interest is justified since ST131 and especially its successful subclone C2/H30-Rx (hereafter referred to as C2) is the dominating multidrug-resistant (MDR) E. coli lineage in many parts of the world and is overrepresented among human infections. Its rapid dissemination has been suggested to be partially due to the advantageous combination of fluoroquinolone resistance as well as IncF plasmids encoding the extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-gene bla CTX-M-15 2,10-12. The frequent association with IncF-plasmids encoding bla CTX-M-15 adjacent to an active ISEcp1 transposase suggests that this clone also serves as a main driver of the spread of the bla CTX-M-15 gene to other strains and species 12. The emergence of the successful ST131 C2 clade, carrying fluoroquinolone resistance and the bla CTX-M-15 gene, started in the mid-1980s and was followed by a rapid international clonal expansion during the 1990s 1-3,7. However, it was not until 2008, when MLST was broadly introduced, that the clone was simultaneously described in several places 4,5,13. Since then the emergence of the ST131 subclone C1/H30-R (referred to as C1) with bla CTX-M-27 has also been described 14,15. Most genetic variation within the ST131 group is caused by recombinational events including traits such as virulence, antibiotic resistance and other accessory traits 1,3,8. Studies on the
BMC Infectious Diseases, 2012
Background: The prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli has been increased not only in the hospital but also in the community worldwide. This study was aimed to characterize ESBL-producing E. coli isolates and to investigate the molecular epidemiology of community isolates in comparison with hospital isolates at a single center in Korea. Methods: A total of 142 ESBL-producing E. coli isolates were collected at Daejeon St Mary's Hospital in Korea from January 2008 to September 2009. The ESBLs were characterized by PCR sequencing using specific primers. The genetic relatedness was determined by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST).
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2008
Quinolone-resistant and CTX-M-15-producing Escherichia coli isolates belonging to clone ST131 have been reported in the community. This study was designed to identify these E. coli isolates in the stools of 332 independent healthy subjects living in the area of Paris, France. Stools were plated on media without antibiotics, in order to obtain the dominant (Dm) fecal E. coli strain, and with nalidixic acid (NAL) and cefotaxime. Quinolone susceptibility, phylogenetic groups, and molecular profiles, including multilocus sequence types (ST), were determined for all NAL-resistant (NAL-R) isolates. Groups were also determined for the Dm strains from participants with NAL-R isolates and from a subgroup without NAL-R isolates. All B2 isolates were typed; pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was performed for the ST131 isolates, and the results were compared with those for intercontinental clone ST131. Two participants (0.6%) had extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing (SHV-2, TEM-52) fecal E. c...