Prioritisation of sub-watersheds based on earth observation data of agricultural dominated northern river basin of India (original) (raw)
Related papers
Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 2018
Watershed management is very crucial for arid and semi-arid regions dealing with limited availability of water resource. Morphometric assessment and prioritization studies provide basic criterion for effective local level watershed planning and natural resource management. The present study is an attempt to analyze morphometric characters of the Khari River basin and prioritize the sub-watersheds on the basis of ground water potentialities indicated by morphometric parameters using GIS approach. Khari River is semi-arid ephemeral; it is a tributary of Banas River, an important river of central Rajasthan (India). The basin has been subdivided in five sub-watersheds namely SW1 to SW5. Linear, areal, and relief parameters are calculated for Khari basin as well as for each sub-watershed. Morphometric parameters that are related to groundwater potentialities are ranked and compound factor values are calculated for each sub-watershed and priority is allotted based on these values. First priority is given to the least value of compound factor that indicate most deficit ground water condition. Overall results illustrate that Khari is a sixth-order stream and covers 6205 km 2 area. Dendritic pattern is observed in Khari and in all the five sub-watersheds that indicate homogenous nature of underlain material and less structural control in the topography. Presence of low bifurcation ratio, low drainage density, and low drainage frequency values are favorable parameters of good permeability, infiltration in the basin, further gentle slope, coarse drainage texture, moderate to low relief, and elongated shape-all these parameters indicate good groundwater potentialities in major portions of the basin. Prioritization results show that the sub-watershed SW4 is at first priority with most deficit groundwater potential in comparison to other sub-watersheds and require water conservation measures. Subwatershed SW4 has high values in linear parameters and low value in shape parameters that specify for poor groundwater potential, less permeability and high runoff, etc. Sub-watershed SW5 on contrary has indicated highest ground water potential in comparison to other sub-watersheds of the basin. The study provide local drainage morphometric information and preliminary prioritization for better water resource management in semi-arid region to achieve water self-sufficiency and sustainability at basin level.
The study area is one of the sub-river basin of Krishna river, covering an area of 3035 km² and lies in west part of Maharashtra state bounded by Latitude 16 0 55' to 17 0 28' N and Longitude 74 0 20' to 74 0 40' E. Poor soil cover, sparse vegetation, erratic rainfall and lack of soil moisture characterize the study area for most part of the year. Due to unavailability/poor managed of surface water storage structures, more than 50% area depends upon groundwater for their daily needs. Recurring drought coupled with increase in ground water exploitation results in decline in the ground water level. So the entire study area has been further divided into 9 sub-watersheds named SWS1 to SWS9, ranging in geographical area from 76 km² to 492 km² and has been taken up for prioritization based on morphometric analysis using Geographical information system (GIS) and remote sensing techniques. The drainage density of sub-watersheds varies between 2.07 to 3.26 km/km² and low drainage density values of sub-watershed SWS5 indicates that it has highly resistant, impermeable subsoil material with dense vegetative cover and low relief. The elongation ratio varies from 0.2 to 0.35 which indicates low relief and gentle ground slope. The high value of circularity ratio for SWS 8 sub-watershed 0.6 indicates the late maturity stage of topography. This anomaly is due to diversity of slope, relief and structural conditions prevailing in this sub-watershed. The compound parameter values are calculated and the sub-watershed with the lowest compound parameter is given the highest priority. The sub-watershed SWS3 has a minimum compound parameter value of 1.68 and SWS 8 has a maximum compound parameter 3.08. Hence it should be provided with immediate soil conservation measures because sedimentation is the major problem for surface water storage structures.
2021
: Drainage morphometric analysis is very important to understand the hydrological and morphological characteristics of any region. Geographic Information system (GIS) technique is appropriate tool for the identification of geomorphological features. GIS and image processing techniques can be used to define morphological characteristics and to investigate the characteristics of the basin. The present study focused on the morphometric analysis of Nandani watershed using RS and GIS techniques. The study area has been classified into seven sub-watersheds, which have ordered SW1–SW7. The very important quantitative watershed aspects such as linear, relief and areal have been taken in consideration for morphometric analysis of watersheds, and eighteen morphometric parameters have been selected and used for ranking and prioritizing of sub-watersheds. In this regard, sub-watersheds (SW2, SW1 and SW4) and (SW6, SW5 and SW3) have categorized into higher and medium priorities, whereas sub-wate...
Environment, Development and Sustainability, 2019
The present research work accentuates the hydrogeological evaluation for Devdari watershed of Maharashtra, Central India, using remote sensing, GIS, and multi influencing factor (MIF). The thematic layers of land use/land cover, groundwater depth, slope, drainage, flow direction, flow accumulation and geomorphology were prepared using IRS-LISS-III satellite data coupled with Shuttle Radar Topography Mission data on 23.50 and 30 m spatial resolution, respectively. The raster layers of these themes were estimated by employing ArcGIS software 10.3 and multi-influencing factor method and subsequently assigned with the relative weights as per their groundwater potential characteristics. For acknowledgement of the groundwater potential map, all the thematic layers and their respective weightage values were subjected to weighted overlay analysis (WOA) method. The evolved map demonstrates six groundwater potential zones in the study area, i.e., poor to nil (0.27 km 2), very poor (0.95 km 2), poor (17.67 km 2), moderate (0.33 km 2), good (9.51 km 2), very good (14.665 km 2) and excellent (1.84 km 2). A field check survey was carried out to ascertain the validity of groundwater potential maps. The results of study area disclose that the area of watershed with poor, moderate and good-to-excellent groundwater potential zones is evaluated to allow precipitated water to infiltrate into subsurface and finally contribute to groundwater recharge in the watershed area.
Hydrological-drainage analysis in watershed-programme planning: a case from the Deccan basalt, India
Hydrogeology Journal, 2003
Watershed development in India is being adopted increasingly as an integrated mechanism of addressing ecological concerns, particularly in dryland areas. Increasing groundwater recharge constitutes one of the principal objectives of watershed-development programmes because many parts of India face acute shortages of groundwater resources on which rural livelihood depends. A combination of hydrogeological mapping and drainage analysis can form an important tool for planning of watershed-development programmes. Studies on the Kurzadi watershed from the Deccan volcanic province in west-central India illustrate how this technique is useful in selecting sites for artificial recharge of groundwater. The Kurzadi river basin includes three third-order subbasins that are compared for relative variability in surface-material permeability. Domains of high surface permeability typically indicate relatively higher length ratios and lower drainage density and stream frequency. In the Kurzadi watershed, drainage parameters reveal areas for recharge-related measures and areas where surface-water augmentation measures can be undertaken, even on lower, second-order streams.
Sustainable Water Resources Management, 2017
Being the world's most precious natural and valuable resource, groundwater remains largely unexploited for agricultural development in drought-prone western region of West Bengal, India. In drought-prone areas, micro-watershed-based development strategy may be considered as the best practice for integrated development. Keeping in view the above perspective, we select the micro-watersheds of Kumari River Basin of Purulia District, the westernmost and semi-arid region of West Bengal, for better water resource management. Supply of sufficient water resource in this region may offer more food security alternative to rain-fed subsistence farming. That is why the present study has been carried out to evaluate the potential zones for groundwater targeting in the Kumari River Basin with the help of morphometric analysis using an integrated remote sensing data, Survey of India topographical sheets and field verification. The study area was divided into seven watersheds for the purpose of micro-level morphometric analysis. Based on these morphometric (linear, areal and relief) parameters of the watersheds, the groundwater potential zones were identified and the results substantiated with bore well or tube well data available for the terrain. The elongated shape, favorable drainage network, permeable geologic formation and low relief of Kumari (2A2A1) and Chaka (2A2A2) watershed makes them the promising groundwater potential zones of the Kumari River Basin. In addition, for better use and management of groundwater, we try to find artificial recharge structure and sites on the basis of groundwater potential map and groundwater fluctuation map.
Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 2020
The morphometric (geomorphic) parameters are reconnaissance tools used to analyse and evaluate the different aspects of a river basin (watershed) such as lithological characteristics, geomorphic landforms, and hydrological behaviour. In this study, a recurrent drought-affected Barua watershed of Tons river basin has been selected for detailed analysis of spatial regionalisation of morphometric characteristics. This mini watershed has been studied using topographic maps (1:50,000 scale), satellite images (CARTOSAT DEM of 1″ or ~ 32-m resolution), extensive field surveys, and generated isopleth maps of morphometric parameters in GIS environment using ArcGIS 10.2.2. The areal parameters indicate elongated shape of the basin, hilly region, and moderate-to-steeper ground slope. More than 85%of the area have gentle-to-moderate slope (2–10°); steep slope found along the escarpment of the Bhander Plateau; more than half of the area has above 30 m of basin relief. Hypsometric integral (HI) is 0.47, and the shape of hypsometric curve is sigmoidal; it indicate equilibrium stage of the watershed. The correlation matrix enables that the correlation coefficient between drainage attributes (as drainage density, stream frequency, and drainage texture) are reflecting very strong positive correlation and ranges from 0.83 to 0.91, and the basin relief showing very strong positive correlation with dissection index (0.99), moderately positive correlation with average slope and ruggedness number. The HI and length of overland flow (Lo) are show weak correlation with the other variables. It means the high drainage density, stream frequency, and drainage texture are associated with moderately hilly region, less permeable rock, and high run-off, giving less time for infiltration. Hence, hilly and rocky surfaces of the region are identified as poor groundwater-potential zones, while the areas of alluvial valley plain are characterised as better groundwater-potential zones.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2023
Watershed management is an important in today's environment. Prioritization of subwatershed plays an important role in watershed management studies. It shows the requirement of watershed study to go for the green growth of the region. Physical and social factors are also play an important role in identifying the sub-watershed for Prioritization. The present research is throwing a focus on how morphometric parameters in association with GIS analysis will help in identifying the ranking of sub-watersheds for further development with the help of suggested watershed structures. Shevgaon and Pathardi tahsils are known for drought prone tahsils of Ahmednagar district in Maharashtra. These tahsils comes under the semi-arid region. Subwatershed prioritization is necessary for proper planning and management of natural resources for sustainable development of the study area. Scarcity of rainfall and increasing population pressure on the land as well as water resources. Hence, researcher has selected Shevgaon and Pathardi tahsils for sub-watershed prioritization. There are seven sub-watersheds selected from two tahsils for present research work. Morphometric analysis of all these sub-watersheds is taken into consideration for this research. The largest sub-watershed is Erdha sub-watershed which is located in Karanji circle of Pathardi tahsil, having an area of 145.06 km 2 and smallest subwatershed is Erandgaon sub-watershed in Shevgaon tahsil, having an area of 40.143 Km 2. The drainage density of sub-watersheds varies between 1.83 to 2.80 p/km 2 it indicates coarser drainage structure. Lowest drainage density value is found in Chapadgaon sub-watershed which is 1.83 p/km 2 and highest drainage density value is found in Chandani watershed which is 2.80 p/km 2. The elongation ratio varies from 0.32 to 0.70. It indicates that all sub-watersheds have elongated shape. The high value of circularity ratio of Erandgaon watershed which is 0.64. The compound parameter values are calculated for selected sub-watersheds. Lowest compound parameter value is given the highest priority and highest compound parameter value is given the lowest priority. In this research Erandgaon sub-watershed has a lowest compound parameter value which is 2.99 and Chandani sub-watershed has a highest compound parameter value which is 5.38. Prioritization is done on three levels depending on the result such as high, moderate and low priority groups.
A systematic planning of groundwater development using modern techniques is essential for the proper sustainable groundwater resource management. The groundwater potential zones have been evaluated in Lower Ponnaiyar river basin , Cuddalore District, Tamilnadu, India using Remote Sensing and GIS techniques. The thematic maps considered in this study are geomorphology, soil, land use/land cover, slope, drainage density and lineament density, which are prepared from satellite imagery and conventional data. The groundwater potential map was prepared by assigning appropriate weightage to different thematic layers and finally all thematic layers integrated using overlay analysis of ARCGIS software to identify the groundwater recharge potential zones. Based on the weightage factors the map showing these groundwater potential zones categorized as poor, moderate, good and excellent is prepared. The results of this study suggested an efficient groundwater management plan for the study area so as to ensure sustainable management of groundwater resources.
2010
Development of watershed basins is necessary to evaluate the regional characteristics and identify the potential of groundwater recharge zones. A combination of morphometric analysis and hydrogeological information were used to eva luate the potential of groundwater and develop watershed plans. Hydrological-drainage characteristics of all the seven watersheds (I-VII) of the Gurpur River basin have been analyzed using IRS-P6, LISS-III remotely sensed satellite image of 2008 in conjunction with Survey of India, topographical maps (1:50,000 scale). Sub-watershed-wise morphometric parameters - linear, areal and relief - were computed using established mathematical equations and GIS techniques. The average values of bifurcation ratio (Rb) of sub-watershed s indicate the structural control is not as pronou nced as the geomorphic control for development of drainage network. Analysis of the shape parameters such as form factor (Ff), elongation ratio (Re), circularity ratio (Rc) suggests tha...