NIR Spectroscopy and Its Applications (original) (raw)
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NIR spectroscopy: a rapid-response analytical tool
In recent years, near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has gained wide acceptance in different fields by virtue of its advantages over other analytical techniques, the most salient of which is its ability to record spectra for solid and liquid samples with no prior manipulation. Also, developments in instrumentation have resulted in the manufacture of spectrophotometers capable of quickly providing spectra that are flexible enough for use in different situations; thus, portable equipment can record spectra on site or even at production lines. This article discusses the features of NIR spectroscopy that have driven forward its dramatic development in a wide range of analytical fields in the last few years. #
A Brief Review on NIR Spectroscopy and its Pharmaceutical Applications
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is fast, non-destructive analytical method hence NIRS is suitable for analysis of solid, liquid and pharmaceutical forms. NIRS can also be implemented during pharmaceutical development, for production by process monitoring or in QC laboratories. Based on the principle and range of electromagnetic radiation spectroscopy is classified into several types. In the following review various aspects of NIR its introduction, principle, instrumentation, and its application in pharmaceutical industry have been implemented.
n Data treatment in near infrared spectroscopy
2016
m e a s u rements of liquids can be done using standard s cuvettes and, reflectance measurements of powders can be realised using fiber optics. NIR spectro s c o py is thus a method that re q u i re few or no sample prep a rat i o n. Absorption bands observed in NIR spectra are due to over-tones of, mainly, hydrogenic stretching vibrations or combi-nation involving stretching and bending modes of vibration. Those bands are thus broader than in middle infrared and spectra are considerably more complex. Due to this com-p l ex i t y, NIR spectro s c o py has soon taken adva n t age of sophisticated calibration techniques and is now using state of the art data treatment. This article will illustrate, first the spectral transformation and then the two current uses of NIR spectroscopy: quali-tative discriminant analysis and quantitative applications.
Near Infrared Spectroscopy in industries: A Review on research contribution
— NIR spectroscopy has gained wide acceptance in different industries like food processing, dairy products, agriculture, process analytical industry, pharmaceutics, petrochemical, environmental and soil analysis and in the diamond industry etc. The reason for wide acceptance of NIR spectroscopy as a tool over conventional analytical techniques is easy sample preparation without any pre-treatment. The determination of multivariate content from any sample can be accomplished from only single spectrum in NIR region. The technique is generally chosen for its speed, its low cost and its non-destructive characteristic towards the analyzed sample. Recently, with the development of computer science and fibre optics, the available applications of the NIRS technique become more popular and attract more attention. This paper is focused on highlighting the various applications of NIRs and brings out the importance of it in analytical instrumentation domain.
2021
The instrumentation, methods and applications of near-infrared spectroscopy has advanced remarkably in the last decade, in which near-infrared spectroscopy has successfully progressed at multiple directions and faced new challenges. Thus, gaps inevitably appeared in the coverage provided by renowned and handy cornerstone textbooks focused on near-infrared spectroscopy that were published in the past. A demand grew in near-infrared spectroscopy community for a new state-of-the-art textbook. With aim to satisfy such need, a go-to-book for background theory, applications and tutorial “Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Theory, Spectral Analysis, Instrumentation, and Applications” was prepared. That full-scale project, edited by Yukihiro Ozaki, Christian Huck, Satoru Tsuchikawa and Søren B. Engelsen, comprises of 23 chapters contributed by scholars and practitioners pushing the frontier of near-infrared spectroscopy. The chapters scope on newly opened pathways, major breakthroughs in basic scie...
Experimental verification of conditions for near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)
Technology and Health Care, 2003
Objectives: in vitro assessment of the reproducibility and the optimal separation and position of the optodes in continuous wave (CW-) NIRS measurement of local inhomogeneities in absorption and/or scattering. Methods: a CW-NIRS system (OXYMON) was used with laser diodes at wavelengths of 767 nm, 845 nm, 905 nm, 945 nm and 975 nm. For practical considerations (dimensions of neonatal head) the measurements were performed on a cylindrical tissue-equivalent phantom (70 mm diameter of base material with µa = 0.01 mm −1 (800 nm) and µ s = 1.00 mm −1 (800 nm)), containing rods with 10 × absorption, or 10× scattering, and 5× both Monte Carlo simulations were carried out of a cylinder with transport scattering coefficient µ s = 0.525 mm −1 and absorption coefficient µa = 0.075 mm −1 and two optode positions. Results: reproducibility of repeated measurements (n = 10) was ± 0.005 OD. Maximum OD in case of absorbing rod, and of absorbing + scattering rod was measured with optodes separated by 90 • and rod position angle symmetrically (45 •) in between. Minimum OD for these rods was obtained with optodes at 150 • angle and rod position at 240 • (i.e. relative to transmitting optode position at 0 •). A second maximum OD was obtained at an optode angle 180 • and rod position at 180 •. Maximum OD (i.e. attenuation) for the scattering rod was at optode separation angle of 90 • and rod at 0 •. Minimum OD for this case was obtained with optode angle of 180o and rod positions around 80 • and 280 •. Maximum OD changes by absorbing rod were in the order of +0.12 OD and −0.04 OD, respectively. Simulations at an optode separation angle of 90 • showed a spatial sensitivity path enclosing the rod position at maximum absorption found experimentally. Conclusions: when considering the phantom as a realistic geometrical model for the neonatal head, it can be concluded that the optode position at 90 • angle would be optimal for detecting an inhomogeneity at 15 mm depth, i.e. the location of the periventricular white matter. Since the rods are relatively strongly different from the base material the question remains to be answered whether local ischemia, which might lead to irreversible brain damage, can be detected by CW-NIRS.
Chemometric tools for NIRS and NIR hyperspectral imaging
Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj Napoca Agriculture, 2012
Nowadays in agriculture, new analytical tools based on spectroscopic technologies are developed. Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) is a well known technology in the agricultural sector allowing the acquisition of chemical information from the samples with a large number of advantages, such as: easy to use tool, fast and simultaneous analysis of several components, non-polluting, noninvasive and non destructive technology, and possibility of online or field implementation. Recently, NIRS system was combined with imaging technologies creating the Near Infrared Hyperspectral Imaging system (NIR-HSI). This technology provides simultaneously spectral and spatial information from an object. The main differences between NIR-HSI and NIRS is that many spectra can be recorded simultaneously from a large area of an object with the former while with NIRS only one spectrum was recorded for analysis on a small area. In this work, both technologies are presented with special focus on the main spectrum and images analysis methods. Several qualitative and quantitative applications of NIRS and NIR-HSI in agricultural products are listed. Developments of NIRS and NIR-HSI will enhance progress in the field of agriculture by providing high quality and safe agricultural products, better plant and grain selection techniques or compound feed industry's productivity among others.
Design and Development of a Shortwave near Infrared Spectroscopy using NIR LEDs and Regression Model
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), 2017
Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopic technology has been getting more attention in various fields. The development of a low cost NIR spectroscopy is crucial to reduce the financial barriers so that more NIR spectroscopic applications will be investigated and developed by means of the NIR spectroscopic technology. This study proposes an alternative to measure shortwave NIR spectrum using one collimating lens, two slits, one NIR transmission grating, one linear array sensor, and one microcontroller. Five high precision narrow bands NIR light emitting diodes (LEDs) were used to calibrate the proposed spectroscopy. The effects of the proposed two slits design, the distance between the grating and linear array sensor, and three different regression models were investigated. The accuracy of the proposed design was cross-validated using leave-one-out cross-validation. Results show that the proposed two slits design was able to eliminate unwanted signals substantially, and the cross-validation was able to estimate the best model with root mean squared error of cross-validation of 3.8932nm. Findings indicate that the cross-validation approach is a good approach to estimate the final model without over-fitting, and the proposed shortwave NIR spectroscopy was able to estimate the peak value of the acquired spectrum from NIR LEDs with RMSE of 1.1616nm. 1. INTRODUCTION Near infrared spectroscopic technology has been getting more attention in various fields e.g. agriculture [1], Chinese medicine [2], [3], neuro-economic research [4], and food industry [5] to potentially replace conventional measurement approaches (e.g. sensory evaluation and chemical analysis) that are time-consuming, expensive per measurement, destructive, or inconvenient. Near infrared spectroscopic technology is promising to be an alternative measurement approach because the acquired reflected or the transmitted near infrared energy from a sample contains information that related to the composition of C-H, N-H, and O-H bonds of the sample. Since these composition are the common and basic chemical composition of many products e.g. agriculture products and food, many researches have been conducted to investigate the relationship between a component of interests e.g. pH, glucose, and soluble solids content and the near infrared energy. Near Infrared Spectroscopic research aims to relate the component of interest to the absorption of the near-infrared light energy. The amount of the absorption is related to the chemical bond of molecule. In fact, the bond among atoms naturally will vibrate, the higher state of excitement requires more energy. Light