production-ergonomics.pdf (original) (raw)

Production Ergonomics: Designing Work Systems to Support Optimal Human Performance

Production ergonomics – the science and practice of designing industrial workplaces to optimize human well-being and system performance – is a complex challenge for a designer. Humans are a valuable and flexible resource in any system of creation, and as long as they stay healthy, alert and motivated, they perform well and also become more competent over time, which increases their value as a resource. However, if a system designer is not mindful or aware of the many threats to health and system performance that may emerge, the end result may include inefficiency, productivity losses, low working morale, injuries and sick-leave. To help budding system designers and production engineers tackle these design challenges holistically, this book offers a multi-faceted orientation in the prerequisites for healthy and effective human work. We will cover physical, cognitive and organizational aspects of ergonomics, and provide both the individual human perspective and that of groups and popu...

Ergonomics in Industry a Review

Industrial Engineering Journal, 2018

The objective of ergonomics is not to fit an individual to the task rather it aims to fit endeavor to an individual. Human Factor Ergonomics [HFE] has sustainable prospective in designing of different kinds of complex structures with man and machines etc., but it faces issues in compatibility and adherence to meet the market needs. This paper aims to describe review of relevant literature to scrutinize human factor in preservation and to establish demand for quality HFE. Review applies a novel framework that has unique combination that ascertains HFE by following categories: fundamental system approach, design driven approach, workplace macro ergonomics, cynosure outcomes as performance & well-being [Human Resource Management]. In terms of preservation, paper yields key insights concerning impact of decision making and also focuses on the quality HFE by providing strategic and specialized research excellence in HFE. The prerequisites for the mentioned structure such as collaboration between group of HFE and IEA has also been discussed.

IJERT-Innovative Industrial and Workplace Ergonomics in Modern Organizations

International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 2015

https://www.ijert.org/innovative-industrial-and-workplace-ergonomics-in-modern-organizations https://www.ijert.org/research/innovative-industrial-and-workplace-ergonomics-in-modern-organizations-IJERTV4IS030983.pdf Industrial Organizations today are facing multiple challenges to maintain the health and performance of employees while attempting to integrate new technologies and support a wide range of work styles. It is therefore needed to better understand the employees' demands related to their work area and then to evaluate their work areas and make the changes required maintaining a healthy workforce. This is further driven by the need to prevent injuries, improve productivity, retain employees, or comply with local, state, regulatory systems requirements. Five of the proven tools and methods have been explained in this paper to effectively and efficiently improve workplace ergonomics. Studies have been conducted by the author in various public and private limited companies to understand the pre-assignment musculoskeletal disorders, where it is seen that the majority are simply resigning after simple training of 90 days or before as they are not in a position to continue to work with their pre-injury in the present work environment which is further getting them into major problems and is one of the reasons for work force erosion. While ergonomic challenges are increasing, there are also emerging opportunities to reduce injuries. The number of young employees entering the workforce with pre-existing or incipient injuries is increasing. These employees are using more handheld technology, videoconferencing tools, and in many cases, multiple computer monitors. Work styles are becoming more complex, evolving to encompass a wider variety of interactions within a greater diversity of workspace types. Various designs for workstations and seating arrangements have been suggested with proper ergonomic design considerations and future use, in this paper.

Ergonomics: Application in Industries

Abstract: Ergonomics is one of the major point of concern in the manufacturing of any product or commodity in any industries or workshops. It deals with the study of men machine and work environment for achieving optimal performance without causing any physiological and psychological discomfort. This paper presents an overview of the situations in workplaces (industries; workshops etc.) which would assist in user friendlyenvironment and hence will lead to good scale of PRODUCTION.

Production Ergonomics: Identifying and Managing Risk in the Design of High Performance Work Systems

2021

Poor ergonomics in production systems can compromise performance and cause musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), which pose a huge cost to society, companies, and afflicted individuals. This thesis presents a research trajectory through the problem space by: 1) Identifying and quantifying workplace risk factors for MSDs, 2) Identifying how these risks relate to production strategies, and 3) Developing an approach to integrating ergonomics into a companies’ regular development work. A video analysis tool for quantifying postures while working was developed. The tools’ reliability, accuracy, and ability to identify risks for MSD were evaluated. The tool had generally good accuracy and good to moderate reliability. Low back MSDs were strongly associated with working trunk postures. Operators with high exposure to peak flexion level had 4.2 times higher MSD risk than unexposed operators. Similarly high peak extension velocity increased risk by 2.9 times. (Paper 1) Two pre-post case studie...

The Discipline of Ergonomics and Human Factors

Handbook of human factors and ergonomics, 2006

Table 2 Objectives of the HFE Discipline Basic operational objectives Reduce errors Increase safety Improve system performance Objectives bearing on reliability, maintainability, availability and integrated logistic support Increase reliability Improve maintainability Reduce personnel requirements Reduce training requirements Objectives affecting users and operators Improve the working environment Reduce fatigue and physical stress Increase ease of use Increase user acceptance Increase aesthetic appearance Other objectives Reduce losses of time and equipment Increase economy of production Source: Chapanis (1995). 2004). Examples of relevant topics include communication, crew resource management, design of working times, teamwork, participatory work design, community ergonomics, computer-supported cooperative work, new work paradigms, virtual organizations, telework, and quality management. The traditional domains noted above, together with new domains, are listed in Table 1. According to the discussion above, the paramount objective of HFE is to understand interactions between people and everything that surrounds us, and based on such knowledge to optimize human well-being and overall system performance. Table 2 provides a summary of specific HFE objectives as discussed by Chapanis (1995). As pointed out by the National Academy of Engineering in the United States (NAE, 2004), in the future, ongoing developments in engineering will expand toward tighter connections between technology and the human experience, including new products customized to the physical dimensions and capabilities of the user, and the ergonomic design of engineered products. 2 HUMAN-TECHNOLOGY INTERACTIONS Whereas in the past, ergonomics has been driven by technology (reactive design approach), in the future, ergonomics should drive technology (proactive design approach). Technology can be defined as the entire system of people and organizations, knowledge, processes, and devices that go into creating and operating technological artifacts, as well as the artifacts themselves (NRC, 2001). Technology is a product and a process involving both science and engineering. Science aims to understand the "why" and "how" of nature (through a process of scientific inquiry that generates knowledge about the natural world). Engineering represents "design under constraints" of cost, reliability, safety, environmental impact, ease of use, available human and material resources, manufacturability, government regulations, laws, and politics (Wulf, 1988). Engineering seeks to shape the natural world to meet human needs and wants: a body of knowledge of design and creation of human-made products and a process for solving problems. Contemporary HFE discovers and applies information about human behavior, abilities, limitations, and other characteristics to the design of tools, machines, systems, tasks, jobs, and environments for productive, safe, comfortable, and effective human use (Sanders and McCormick, 1993; Helander, 1997b). In this context, HFE deals with a broad scope of problems relevant to the design and evaluation of work systems, consumer products, and working environments, in which human-machine interactions affect human

Influence of Ergonomics on Workplace Productivity- A Human Resource Management Perspective.pdf

Advanced Management Practices in Business, 2015

This work presents the influence of ergonomics on the productivity of a workplace, and how ergonomic measures can facilitate a better working environment in the organization. The various interactions between an employee, and his immediate environment, and how ergonomic interventions can help reduce the physical and physiological stress on the individual have also been studied. The current roles and focus of the Human Resource management function of an organization to help improve the work-life balance of the employees is dealt with. Suggestions for how ergonomic interventions can help achieve this work-life balance have been provided

Impact of Ergonomics on Workers' Performance and Health

Ergonomics emerges as an essential scientific discipline, driving health, safety and increased productivity in work environments. This study aims to examine, based on the contributions of renowned authors, the application of ergonomics in Brazilian workplaces, highlighting its impact on the health and productivity of employees. The methodology adopted is a literature review from various official sources. Research has shown the relevance of physical and cognitive ergonomics in preventing musculoskeletal disorders and promoting well-being at work. It was clear that with the improvement in workers' quality of life, fatigue and stress are avoided, which improves the relationship between employees and employers, increasing productivity. The study shows the importance of applied research to strengthen ergonomic practices in organizations. The future of ergonomics is intrinsically linked to its ability to adapt and respond to new challenges, maintaining the commitment to promoting work environments that prioritize and cultivate human well-being. I.