EVALUATION OF FUNGICIDES AND BIOPESTICIDES FOR THE CONTROL OF FUSARIUM WILTOF TOMATO (original) (raw)
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International Journal of Chemical Studies, 2021
Tomato is the third important vegetable crop grown in India, after potato and onion with an area of 0.78 M ha and production and productivity of 19,759 Mt and 25.04 Mt ha-1 respectively. Tomato crop is very often affected by several diseases incited by pathogens such as fungi, bacteria, viruses and nematodes. Among all the fungal diseases that infect tomato, Fusarium wilt of tomato caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol), is one of the most serious and destructive diseases across the world causing severe economic losses, wherever tomato is grown. Due to prolonged survival of Fol in the soil as saprophyte and overcoming the challenging conditions by producing resistant structures, it has become very difficult to manage the disease. The most feasible method for managing Fusarium wilt disease of tomato is by usage of effective fungicides. Ten fungicides viz., Copper oxychloride 50%WP, Mancozeb 75% WP, Carbendazim 12% + Mancozeb 63% WP, Metalaxyl 4% + Mancozeb 64% WP, Hexaconzole 5% + Captan 70% WP, Thiophanate Methyl 70% WP, Thiophanate Methyl 45% + Pyraclostrobin 5% FS, Tebuconazole 250 E.C, Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin 25% WP and Azoxystrobin 23% SC were evaluated against Fol under in vitro conditions at three concentrations i.e. 500, 1000 and 1500 ppm. Three replications were maintained for each treatment with control. Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin 25% WP was found to be the most effective fungicide followed by Tebuconazole 250 E.C with high fungitoxicity against Fol. Azoxystrobin 23% SC was the least effective. The results of this present investigation will be helpful for future research on fungicide management for Fusarium wilt of tomato.
Ecology, Environment and Conservation
The tomato is one of the most popular vegetables farmed worldwide. One of the most harmful tomato disease is Fusarium wilt, which is a disease that the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici causes. Disease causes about 30% to 40% losses in yield. The poisoned food technique was used to assess the fungitoxic activity of the fungicides Blitox 50, Aliette, Roko, Amistar, Avtar, and Cabrio Top at the plant pathology department of the college of agriculture at LPU, Punjab, throughout the years 2021-2022. Six different fungicides were tested in the lab at various concentrations such as 50, 100, and 150 ppm. Thiophanate Methyl (Roko) show the best result in laboratory. Same fungicides were checked at field. Among this fungicides Copper Oxychloride (Blitox 50) shows the best result in field condition.
Journal of Plant and Environment, 2021
Tomato is very significant and full of nutrition vegetable crop. It is enriched with vitamin a and C, lycopene, and protects from prostate cancer, cardiovascular diseases. Tomato wilt disease (TWD) caused by F. oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (Fol) is a serious threat to tomato crop in Pakistan and spreading to those areas in which it was not previously present. The current research was planned to evaluate the fungi-toxic activity of fungicides against F. oxysporum in vitro and under greenhouse conditions. Four fungicides which include Carbendazim, Benomyl, Curzate and Nativo, at 500ppm, 750ppm and 1000ppm concentrations, were evaluated using food poison technique. The overall results showed that all fungicides significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited mycelial growth of F. oxysporum, however, Nativo proved to be best followed by Carbendazim, Benomyl at all concentrations. The reduction in colony growth of pathogen gradually increased by increasing the fungicide concentration. Two fungicide...
In-vitro Chemical Management of Fusarium Wilt of Tomato in Sindh, Pakistan Gul Bahar Poussio
Gul Bahar Poussio, Manzoor Ali Abro, Rehana Naz Syed, Muhammad Ibrahim Khaskheli and Absar Mithal Jiskani , 2021
Fusarium wilt disease of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) is a highly serious vascular disease worldwide. Chemicals can control fungal diseases by inhibiting or killing the fungi that cause destructive crop diseases. In this series of experiments, randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used and repeated 4 times. Different chemicals were tested in the lab and glasshouse against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici in septic conditions. The Nativo fungicide showed higher efficacy in the laboratory recording 95.55, 88.88 % inhibition of test fungus at 1000 and 500 ppm followed by Topsin-M 88.51% at 1000 ppm. The minimum inhibition percent was recorded by Curzate 11.11 % and Melody Duo 14.07% fungicides at 10 ppm as compared to other fungicides. The Topsin-M, Nativo and Carbendazim were discovered the most effective chemicals followed by Cabriotop, prevail and Antracol in a pot experiment. Significantly (P<0.05 = 0.0000) the minimum plant mortality percent was recorded by Topsin-M 5 and 8% at 500 and 100 ppm followed by Nativo 9.66% at 500 ppm. The highest plant mortality was noted in untreated. The higher concentrations of fungicides were observed highly effective for encouraging the plant biomass as compare to lower and medium doses. The plant biomass (Shoot and root) was noted higher by Topsin-M, Cabriotop, Nativo at 500 and 100 ppm. The Prevail and Antracol were found to the less effective at 50 ppm as compare to other fungicides. Interestingly no root infection was observed in plants treated with higher and medium doses of fungicides. The highest root infection was noted in the untreated plants. Based on the findings, it is suggested that Topsin-M, Nativo, Cabriotop and Carbendazim., may be used as potential chemicals for the management of tomato wilt disease.
Pakistan Journal of Biotechnology, 2021
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is attacked by various disease causing micro-organisms. Amongthem Fusarium wilt is the major destructive diseases of tomato. This study was conducted to test theefficacy of different fungicides i.e. metalaxyl+mancozeb, copper oxychloride, benalaxyl+mancozeb,carbendazim and mancozeb at different concentrations (2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4 g/litre water) against the fusariumwilt of tomato caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and also to observe the impacts offungicides on plant height and yield under tunnel condition. The result revealed that copper oxychloridewas significantly effective in all its doses to control the Fusarium wilt of tomato, the most effective dose was 3 g/l where the disease severity was recorded 6.2 percent only, followed by metalaxyl+mancozeb (4g/l) in which the disease severity was recorded 9.6 percent, other fungicides also showed good result but mancozeb alone was not effective, however it had synergistic effect and coul...
Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2021
F. oxysporum is so widespread, it is a significant problem in many crops. It is economically damaging to the banana industry, and the threat of more virulent strains or mutations to damage previously resistant crops is of major concern. F. oxysporum also causes damage to many crops from the family Solanaceae, including potato, tomato, and pepper. Yield losses of effected crops can be high, up to 45% yield loss of tomato crop has been reported in India. Other commercially important plants affected include basil, beans, carnation, chrysanthemum, peas, and watermelon. Woody ornamentals are infected, but are usually not killed by Fusarium wilt alone. Palms, however, are the exception, and there are many species that can die from F. oxysporum infection. In vitro evaluation of the biological agents revealed that among the fungal bioagents Trichoderma viride was found to be superior as compared to remaining three species which found to inhibit 84.84 per cent growth of the pathogen followed by T. harzianum (72.54%), T. hamatum (69.93%), T. koningii (61.49%) inhibited growth of pathogen and among two bacterial species B. subtilis were found to be effective in inhibiting the growth of pathogen i.e. (79.25%) as compared to P. fluorescens which was found to inhibit (62.36%) growth of pathogen.
Action of Trichodermil 1306 in the control of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici in tomato crops
Arquivos do Instituto Biológico
Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, is one of the most important diseases of tomato crop in Brazil. Several alternatives to fungicides have been evaluated in search for products that control this disease and have low environmental impact and toxicity to living beings. In this context, the use of Trichoderma spp. is an alternative to agrochemicals, since they are bioregulators and antagonists of several phytopathogens. This work aimed to evaluate the antagonistic and mycoparasitory action of the Trichodermil 1306 biofungicide against F. oxysporum, and its action in the control of fusarium wilt in tomato seeds and seedlings. The biofungicide was used at concentrations of 0, 50, 100, and 150% of the dose recommended for application of 20 L with a backpack sprayer. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with five replications. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and mean compared by Tukey’s test at 5% probability. The 100% Tric...
Pakistan Journal of Phytopathology
Fusarium wilt in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Pathogen is notorious because of its adverse effect on plant growth with causing significant yields losses. Further complication is developing by raising issue of resistance in F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici particularly in developing countries due to injudicious fungicides applications in the field of tomato plant infected by this pathogen. F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici was isolated from collected infected samples from tomato field in Multan, southern Punjab on Potato dextrose medium by adopting poisoned food technique. Antifungal activity of different systemic fungicides viz. Pyrimethanil, Fludioxonil, Benlate, Bromuconazole, Fosetyl-Al, Flumorph, Prochloraz, Myclobutanil, Epoxiconazole, Strobilurin, carbendazim, Fentin hydroxide, Streptomycin, Tebuconazole, Iprobenfos and azoxystrobin were tested against F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici in vitro by using poisoned food technique...