Guidelines for Design of Protective Structures Subjected To Unconfined Explosions (original) (raw)

Protective Design Of Concrete Buildings Under Blast Loading

Sustainability, 2002

Designing buildings to resist failure due to blast loads is an extremely complex procedure. His a process that has been investigated for many years, yet it warrants tluther research. Several issues related to the design of concrete structures to survive blast loads are discussed in this paper. General design issues of “terroristproof’ buildings show how the threat of harrnfil blasts is affecting the thought process in designing government and public buildings as well as international and high-visibility organizations. Understanding the loads produced by explosions is an integral part of dealing with blast-resistant design. Case studies of buildings subjected to blasts reveal how actual structures have handled the dynamic loads. Current research on the subject is also reviewed.

Risk assessment of structures subjected to blast

International Journal of Damage Mechanics, 2013

Attacking city centers with pack portable bombs has become one of the regular terrorist attacks around the world. In these situations, life losses and injuries can be caused from various sources such as direct blast effects, structural collapse, debris impact, fire, and smoke. Casualties could increase when indirect effects are combined with closed exits or timely evacuation. So, calculating the annual risk of the structural collapses resulting from extreme loading conditions is subjected to many efforts. In this paper, the annual risk of blast-induced progressive structural collapse is calculated. The blast fragility is also calculated by a simulation procedure which generate possible blast configuration, and finally kinematic plastic limit analysis is used to verify the structural stability under gravity loading. As a case study, the blast fragility and the annual risk of collapse of a four-storey steel building are calculated.

Structural Design for External Terrorist Bomb Attacks Blast Loading

2004

Events of the last ten years have greatly heightened the awareness of building owners and designers of the threat of terrorist attacks using explosives. The United States government has funded extensive research into blast analysis and protective design methods and has produced a number of guidelines for its own facilities. The private sector is increasingly considering similar measures, especially for socalled "icon buildings" that are perceived to be prime targets, as well as nearby structures that are vulnerable to collateral damage. This article summarizes the methods available to define an external terrorist bomb threat and estimate structural design loads and element responses using simple dynamic system models and principles.

Design Of Structural Components Against Blast Load

2020

Bombing and explosion severely cause human, infrastructural and economic loss. Also irresponsible elements in the society can cause damage to the infrastructure which can result in human as well as economic loss. To mitigate the effect of blasts on the structures the need of structural resistance against blast load has gained tremendous importance and for this purpose the calculation of ultimate intensity of the blast load on the structure along with its analysis is must so that, the structure can be designed to resist and mitigate the effects of the blast.Data related to blasts that took place in the history were assilimated and a set range of weight of charges and their particular standoff were statistically tabulated. A model of G+12 RCC structure was designed on Staad Pro these set ranges of weight of charges and their stand off distances were applied on the structure with an aim to study the behavior of the structure under its application. Time history theory was found convenie...

A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF BLAST LOADING FOR NUCLEAR EXPLOSION ON STRUCTURES

In today's geopolitical environment, the need to protect both military facilities and civilian population from enemy attack has not diminished. Furthermore, we noted an increasing need to protect civilian populations against terrorism and social and subversive unrest. Protecting society against this form of featureless evolving type of warfare will remain a challenge, at least through the first half of 21st century and certainly longer. Any outstanding recognition will require a well planned multi-layered contribute to that strikes a fine coordination between ensuring a nations security and support the freedoms that modern society enjoys. In this context, this project is done to study the impact of blast loading for nuclear explosion on buildings. On high these recommendations define the structural strength pre-eminent to withstand the force produced by a surface burst of a nuclear weapon. A brief forum of the major parameters which exercise the force acting on a structure is followed by a specification of the peak magnitude and time variation of these forces. Specific details which define the net forces acting on an element of the basic structural types are given. As this design requires a sound background on blast loading mitigations and as it not economical only. Following the discussion of the effects of the size and function of a structure is specification of basic properties of reinforced concrete and steel. The protective structural analysis is based upon the Tri Service Manual TM 5-1300, ASCE Manual 42, FEMA guidelines and Indian Standards

Explosions, Abnormal Loads on Structures

— In Kosovo as well as in many countries of the world have occurred explosions in objects, so this research have addressed the ways and possibilities of protecting the buildings by using their position as construction and design elements' after you load resisted by explosions. This paper presents basic information on the approaches for the evaluation of the blast effects on the structures. Motivation for the present study is recent events happening in the World where more and more structures are being destroyed by unexpected explosions in the urban areas. Intension of this investigation is to present basic information on what will happen when an explosive device is detonated. Some of the methods to calculate blast loads are presented. At the end it is presented simple method of designing a reinforced concrete wall barrier subject to a blast load caused by vehicle bomb. Calculation has been carried based on the kinetic energy that is delivered on the surface of the wall and that energy dissipation by the wall to resist such impulse load. Keywords—Blast resistant design, blast waves, explosive effects.

Blast Loading and Blast Effects on Structures – An Overview

Electronic Journal of Structural Engineering

The use of vehicle bombs to attack city centers has been a feature of campaigns by terrorist organizations around the world. A bomb explosion within or immediately nearby a building can cause catastrophic damage on the building's external and internal structural frames, collapsing of walls, blowing out of large expanses of windows, and shutting down of critical life-safety systems. Loss of life and injuries to occupants can result from many causes, including direct blast-effects, structural collapse, debris impact, fire, and smoke.The indirect effects can combine to inhibit or prevent timely evacuation, thereby contributing to additional casualties. In addition, major catastrophes resulting from gas-chemical explosions result in large dynamic loads, greater than the original design loads, of many structures. Due to the threat from such extreme loading conditions, efforts have been made during the past three decades to develop methods of structural analysis and design to resist b...

Design and Analysis of Blast Load on Structures

2015

The increase in the number of terrorist attacks especially in the last few years has shown that the effect of blast loads on buildings is a serious matter that should be taken into consideration in the design process. Although these kinds of attacks are exceptional cases, man-made disasters; blast loads are in fact dynamic loads that need to be carefully calculated just like earthquake and wind loads.