Intimate Partner Violence Functions as Both a Risk Marker and Risk Factor for Womenʼs HIV Infection: Findings From Indian Husband-Wife Dyads (original) (raw)
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Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 2013
To investigate the association between physical intimate partner violence (IPV) and sexually transmitted infection (STI) in two national samples. Data came from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions Wave 2 ( n = 34,653) and the National Family Health Survey-3 ( n = 124 385). Ever-married women between the ages of 20 and 49 were asked if they had experienced physical violence by their partner in the past year. Outcomes were presence of doctor confirmed HIV and self-reported STI. Age at first intercourse was examined as a mediator of the relationship between IPV and STI. Logistic regression examined associations between IPV, age at first intercourse and STI. Compared to individuals with no physical IPV, risk for STI was higher for individuals who experienced past year IPV living in the United States and India, however once controlling for age at first intercourse, age, education, household wealth/income and past year sexual violence, the relationship betw...
Intimate Partner Violence and HIV Infection Among Married Indian Women
JAMA, 2008
Context Despite reductions in prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among the general population of India, women account for a rising percentage of all HIV cases with husbands' risk behavior described as the major source of women's infection. Intimate partner violence (IPV) has been described as being associated with heterosexual transmission of HIV to women in India and elsewhere.
2017
Author(s): Thirumalai, Dhanalakshmi | Advisor(s): Detels, Roger | Abstract: The prevalence of HIV infection among Indian women is on the rise accounting for nearly 40% of all HIV infections in the country. This calls for further investigation since the majority of Indian women live in a monogamous marital relationship with no risk factors of their own. Intimate partner violence against women increases their risk of acquiring HIV, diminishes their ability to protect from HIV, and thwarts their access to care. Hence, we investigated the association between HIV and IPV among currently married Indian women. We conducted a case control study in Theni district of Tamil Nadu state in South India with 256 HIV+ve women and 507 HIV-ve women. We used two type of interviews, face to face interviews (FTFI) and Audio Computer Assisted Self Interviews (ACASI) to collect both sensitive as well as non-sensitive information from each participant. Our results showed that it is common for women to expe...
BMC Public Health
Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection remains an important public health concern in many countries. It is fuelled by gender inequality and disparity, which has resulted in a fundamental violation of women’s human rights. This study aims to find out the association of intimate partner violence (IPV) and other risk factors with the prevalence of HIV infection among married women in India. Methods This study is based on data from the India National Family Health Survey (2015–16). Bivariate analysis has been performed to estimate the prevalence of HIV. Logistic regression analysis is conducted to find out the association between IPV, factors such as having alcoholic husband and lifetime partner, and HIV infection among currently married women. Results Married women who had faced physical, sexual, and emotional violence from their husbands/partners were almost twice more likely to have tested HIV positive compared to married women who did not face violence [OR: 2.14, CI...
Research Square (Research Square), 2021
Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. It is fuelled by gender inequality and disparity, which has resulted in a fundamental violation of women's human rights. This study tries to find the association of intimate partner violence and other risk factors with the occurrence of HIV infection among married women in India. Data and Methods: This study is based on nationally representative data from the Indian National Family Health Survey (2015-16). Bivariate analysis and Multivariate analysis has been performed to determine the prevalence of HIV and Intimate Partner Violence. Logistic regression analysis is performed to find out the association of lifetime intimate partner violence and other factors with HIV infection among currently married women. Results: Married women who had faced physical, sexual, and emotional violence from their husbands/partners were almost twice more likely to have tested HIV positive compared to married women who did not suffer from violence [OR: 1.90, CI: 1.91-1.97]. The likelihood of testing for HIV positive was significantly higher among the married women whose husbands drink alcohol [OR: 2.49, CI: 1.69-3.66]. Interestingly, the use of condoms did not show any significant association with positive HIV status. Again, having more than one partner had a significant positive association with testing positive for HIV among married women [OR: 2.40, CI: 1.30-4.42]. Conclusion: The findings of the study have shown that factors such as violence, having an alcoholic husband, increased number of lifetime sexual partners, having no financial autonomy, being sexually inactive for weeks, belonging to vulnerable social groups, and urban place of residence are important risk factors of HIV infection among married women in India.
Intimate Partner Violence and Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Young Adult Women
Sexually Transmitted Diseases, 2012
Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is common among young adult relationships, and is associated with significant morbidity, including sexually transmitted infections (STI). This study measured the association between IPV victimization and perpetration and prevalent STIs and STI-risk behaviors among a sample of young women.