Pre-competition anxiety levels in the spanish athletics national team.pdf (original) (raw)
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Female Spanish athletes face pre-competition anxiety at the highest levels of competition
Pre-competition anxiety is one of the most common emotions experienced among athletes in high performance sport. It can cause both positive and negative effects, which makes the ability to manage this anxiety one of the most important parts of an athlete's preparation. This study analyzes the anxiety levels in athletes from the Spanish Women's National Track & Field Team who participated in the European Championships, the World Championships, and the Olympic Games. The study evaluates how these athletes cope with pre-competition anxiety by examining three variables in the moments prior to the competition—cognitive anxiety, self-confidence, and somatic anxiety—and the way these variables impacted the results achieved by these athletes. The study indicates that a significant difference exists between cognitive anxiety and self-confidence, which shows that the higher an athlete's self-confidence, the lower the levels of cognitive anxiety. Higher levels of self-confidence and lower levels of cognitive anxiety were also shown to have a positive impact on performance results.
Sports Competitions: Pre-Competition Anxiety – Does It Matters?
Journal of Education and Practice, 2012
The purpose of the present study was to examine the pre-competition anxiety among women athletes. The sample consisted of 48 women athletes who had represented their university in sports competitions. The participants of the study were from various universities. SCAT pre-competition anxiety tool developed by Rainer Marten was used. To analyze the data percentage and ANOVA tools were used. The results show that the women athletes have average level (50%) pre-competition anxiety. Pre-competition anxiety among women of various universities does not differ (F=2.44 ) . ANOVA (0.05) was the statistical method used. The results could assist in designing a common program countering precompetitive anxiety for university women athletes. Keywords: Pre-Competition, Anxiety.
2009
Sports give so many opportunities for growth, socialization, physical development, camaraderie, and learning but there is another side. That side is where psychopathology can exist. Psychopathology can exist in many forms for the athlete. Some examples are depression, eating disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and anxiety. After 30 years of involvement in athletics as either a coach or player, one begins to wonder how psychopathology comes into being and what can be done to help alleviate it. Research has discovered that anxiety can be the fuel for both good and bad performances. Just the thought of competition can have an athlete feeling nauseated and out of breath as well as thoughts of doubt about his or her ability. This may not happen to everyone. The level and symptoms of anxiety one experiences depends on the make up of that individual. There is no one mold for determining who will perform best, it is based upon one’s interpretations and experiences of the anxiety. One athlete’s arousal may be called excitement and another’s competitive anxiety. Therefore, the question becomes how is anxiety defined. How much anxiety is too much – when does it become pathological? What specifics play a role in the creation of detrimental anxiety on performance? Is the desire to be successful or competitive producing aspects like perfectionism, approval seeking, and lack of self-efficacy? Are there external as well as internal pressures/stressors? What can be done to ease the competitive anxiety of an athlete? How can one use the anxiety to produce positive outcomes? It is the goal of this research to answer these questions and possibly more. To begin, a definition of anxiety is prudent. The definitions and theories will open doors to understanding the wind of anxiety as well as how it manifests in sports and affects performance. It is the hope that after the doors open, one may be able to recognize what to use to regulate the wind and calm the storm.
Iconic Research and Engineering Journals, 2020
Over decades of sports studies and sport psychology in particular, a very strong psychological construct that has serious connection to sports performance is anxiety. The performance of sports participants especially athletes could negatively be affected by anxiety before and during sports competitions if not well managed. This paper is a documentary review and evidence of the dynamics of precompetitive anxiety with emphasis on how to manage it through sociological and psychological interventions in order to enhance sports performance. The paper addresses the concept of anxiety and pre-competitive anxiety, signs and symptoms of pre-competitive anxiety, such as; fear, loss of confidence, poor concentration, indecision, sense of confusion, among others. The paper equally x-rays the sociological forces (i.e. environment, weather, size of the venue, etc.) and psychological forces (fear, low self-esteem, etc.) necessitating pre-competitive anxiety. Some of the interventions that could be made to manage pre-competitive anxiety include; building mental strength, mental imagery rehearsal, among others.
EFFECT OF ANXIETY ON ATHLETE'S PERFORMANCE (A CASE STUDY
Anxiety is a psychological concept which remains under consideration of the performers and coaches simultaneously. Practitioners though amateur and professionals those who are found involved in sports are essentially required to be well of aware of anxiety related symptoms, so as to overcome with the personal efforts. Once awareness is developed it becomes prudent to deal with anxiety and its allied issues. Athletics are very common parts of sports and are commonly and regularly conducted to keep the students active participative and courageous to be competitive and if possible become the part of institution team. Though it is expected that the participation in sports should be expertise based to avoid injuries but at the school and university level it goes beyond it and the non-professionals participate of their own without the evident consequences. It is not only the beginners but the professional do come across certain types of anxiety especially in athletics. Statistical analysis shows that Majority of the athlete's feel lack of confidence before competition and they feel worry about criticism on their performance.
Examination of “Pre-competition” anxiety levels, of mid-distance runners: A quantitative approach
Polish Psychological Bulletin, 2015
Mid-distance runners are subject to intense cognitive and somatic anxiety, not only during competition but also during practice. An important variable which may influence athletes’ performance is perceived behavioral control on anxiety. The aim of the present study was to examine whether aspects such as sex, sport/competition experience and weekly practices, differentiated the participants respectively. The participants consisted of 110 athletes, 61 male and 49 female athletes, between the ages of 15 and 28 (Μ=20.05, SD=2.82).They all completed the Greek version of the “Pre- Race Questionnaire”. Results indicated differences between the less experienced and more experienced athletes in almost all factors of the questionnaire, for both sport/competition experience, and weekly practices. No gender differences were shown. Overall, results could help sport professionals such as coaches and the athletes themselves, become more familiar with the sport-specific psychological aspects involved in their unique sport.
Changes in state anxiety prior to competition : sport and exercise psychology
It has been shown that competitive anxiety can negatively affect athletic performance. Psychological interventions must be used in the pre-competition period to prevent the debilitative effects of state anxiety. The aim of the present study was to investigate the temporal changes in state anxiety in the period leading up to competition. Male high school swimmers (N=62) participated in the study. A cross-sectional quantitative research design that used the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2) to measure state anxiety was employed. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Baseline and precompetitive state anxiety scores were analyzed by means of the paired t-test. The results showed that there were significant differences (p < 0.000) between state anxiety scores measured at baseline (seven days before the competition) and at precompetition (one hour before competition). Again, there were significant differences between baseline and precompetit...
Examination of Anxiety Levels: Practice vs. Competition among High School Track and Field Athletes
International Journal of Sports Science, 2021
Somatic and cognitive state anxiety levels can increase before a competitive event which can result in decreased performance and increase injury risk. Identifying situations that could cause high levels of anxiety are important so that proper anxiety management techniques can be implemented. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare levels of somatic and cognitive anxiety as well as self-confidence among high school track and field athletes prior to practice and competition. METHODS: One high school track and field team (n=16: male n=8, female n=8) completed the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2) survey prior to competition and again prior to practice. The CSAI-2 contains three subscales (cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety, and self-confidence). The CSAI-2 subscale scores were compared between the pre-practice and the pre-competition scenarios with paired t-tests (α<0.05). RESULTS: Statistical differences in the subscale scores (cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety, and self-confidence) were found between practice and the competition (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Within the parameters of this study, anxiety appears to be higher and self-confidence lower prior to a competition versus practice. Future research should examine if such a relationship exists among other high school sports.
A STUDY ON PRE AND POST COMPETITIVE STATE ANXIETY AMONG THE ATHLETES
RUBICON PUBLICATIONS, 2020
This study investigates and evaluates pre and post competitive anxiety, self-confidence and performance of the athletes. The Cognitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 was administered to collect data from 73 athletes, both men and women, before and after the competition, who participated in the Reliance Foundation Youth Sports (RFYS)-Athletics, held at Gachibowli Stadium, Hyderabad. Paired t-test was used to find the significant difference between the pre and post competition. Results showed that the levels of cognitive state anxiety before the competition was low as compared after the competition and the levels of somatic state anxiety before the competition was high as compared after the competition whereas the levels of self-confidence before the competition was high as compared after the competition. This study concludes that the levels of cognitive state anxiety increases after the competition as athletes could not perform according to the performance expectations on the contrary the levels of somatic anxiety decreases as there was no pressure of performance on the athletes after the competition and the levels of self-confidence decreases after the competition as athletes could not reach their desired performance levels.