Giustamm.it G. BEFANI gli obblighi di gara per i mutui delle stazioni appaltanti, le incerte soluzioni del d.lgs. (original) (raw)
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2014
Il saggio si pone l'obiettivo di esaminare un aspetto molto importante della disciplina degli appalti pubblici, costituito dall’accesso agli atti di gara. Tale diritto è disciplinato dall’art. 13 del codice dei contratti pubblici che amplia, di fatto, i limiti di accesso stabiliti dagli artt. 24 e 25 della L. n. 241 del 1990. Particolare attenzione è rivolta all'analisi delle numerose pronunce giurisprudenziali, che, per lungo tempo, avevano sancito la prevalenza del diritto di accesso sull’esigenza di riservatezza, ma che, di recente, hanno, invece, riconosciuto la necessità di prestare attenzione alla tutela delle informazioni, fornite dagli offerenti, che integrino segreti tecnici o commerciali, manifestando, in tal modo, la tendenza a conformarsi alla normativa di settore vigente nell’ordinamento italiano e all’orientamento espresso dalla Corte di giustizia europea.
La riforma delle stazioni appaltanti. Ricerca della qualità e disciplina europea
2016
(Lo stesso argomento è ripreso in: / Same topic in: "Gli appalti pubblici tra istanze di semplificazione e normativa anticorruzione", 2020) The reform of public procurement ushered in by the recent enabling law for the transposition of the new EU Directives on public procurement and concession contracts has sparked a broad debate focusing mainly on anti-corruption strategies. However, closer attention also needs to be paid to the more active and professional role assigned to procurement agencies. According to the Directives, procurement agencies have a key role to play in a far-reaching project that recognizes the importance of procurement for integrated economic and social growth, for the creation of a wide competitive market, and for the provision of high quality services. European legislation promotes regulatory simplification as a multitasking tool, designed to increase efficiency and ensure the full legality of administrative action. In the eternal struggle of ‘rules versus discretion’, the scales tend to tip towards the second: experience shows that complicated rules, uncertainty about public needs and a shortage of technical plans can also provide fertile ground for corruption and wastage of public resources. A virtuous cycle can only be set in motion when administrative bodies become truly capable of performing the task assigned to them. The key aims of the reform are therefore to improve the professional competence of the awarding entities and introduce standards of quality, efficiency and transparency, leaving behind the present bureaucratic and authoritarian system of red tape. The transposition of the Directives will give rise to a system for preventing corruption (active waste) and incompetence (passive waste) that is based on two levels of legislation: soft law, to be enforced by the National Anti-Corruption Authority (ANAC), and self-regulation of process quality by the contracting entities themselves. These are the basic issues addressed in this work, which analyses the entire Italian public contracting system, the national regulatory framework, the influence of case-law, the organizational requirements for a quality system of international public procurement, international comparisons, and the possibilities offered by the transposition of the new Directives. Needless to say, the real test after the reform will be whether the contracting entities take full responsibility for the results of their procurement activity and whether there really will be greater openness to international competition.