Dimensionsof Poverty, Vulnerability and Social Protection (original) (raw)
Related papers
VULNERABILITY TO POVERTY: A STUDY OF RURAL POPULATION IN KELANTAN AND TERENGGANU, MALAYSIA
The general objective of this study was to examine rural household vulnerability to poverty using three sets of longitudinal data taken at six-month intervals. The study developed and designed (as an alternative to actual panel data) modules in cross-sectional surveys with recall questions to track a household's past activities and its evolution on the various welfare dimensions. Using the Entitlement Theory and the Sustainable Livelihood Approach this study aims to analyze the link between exposure to risks and vulnerability to poverty of rural households in Kelantan and Terengganu. Data was collected at six-month interval to allow the measurement of seasonal variation in behavior and outcome and to balance both cross-sectional and time series requirements of a panel data. A total of 460 respondents were interviewed at the beginning of the research; but by the third round only 301 questionnaires were found to be valid for data analysis. STATA Data Analysis and Statistical Software was used to analyze all data and to test the study’s hypothesis using techniques such as linear regression, multiple regression OLS, ANOVAs, Pearson correlation as well as hierarchical regression tests. A finding from this research illustrated that preventing poverty is not only about monetary dimension but non-monetary dimensions need to be considered as well. Many factors were inter-correlated and inter-connected to each other for shaping the process that drive households to be vulnerable. The results indicated that lacking access to assets and resources and exposure to threats made the process of escaping from poverty ineffective. In many cases, household intervention strategies were the main factors that led them to be severely vulnerable to poverty. Factors such as household psychological state, household religious practices and household skills and knowledge were also the main factors that shape the process of how the households made their decisions. The institutional role is not dynamic as institutional support was only available after an occurrence of disaster. One contribution of the study is the multidimensional model that incorporates the direct and indirect effects of multiple stressors and threats on vulnerability to poverty. An implication of the study is that strategies and models should be designed on assets-based approach rather than income-based approach. There is a need to develop policies and programs that are forward-looking in nature and to develop programs that could provide psycho-religious education and knowledge to the vulnerable groups especially those who experience high severity of risks and shocks.
Understanding rural poverty through the Sustainable Livelihoods Approach
This essay focuses on applying DFID Sustainable Livelihood Framework (SLF) to the selected case study to illustrate how structures and processes have influenced Maymana and Mofizul’s livelihood and shows how various areas of the framework contribute to achieving specific livelihood outcomes. The Sustainable Livelihoods Framework (SLF) as a tool of analysis places people’s assets in a context of the risks and shocks they might experience, the structures and processes that might help households use their assets to manage shocks, and strategies that might be adopted to achieve better outcomes (DFID, 1999). As such, it includes the analysis of main factors that affect people’s livelihood and typical relationships between these. It mostly uses in planning development activities and assessing the impact made by existing activities on livelihood sustainability (DFID, 1999). This paper will begin with brief background information of the Bangladeshi household selected and then will include the analysis of the vulnerability context, of household assets, and of transforming structures and processes. It also examines the livelihood strategies used by the household to survive and outcomes of these in comparing the initial situation (Before 2000), the changes over time (2000-2003), and the end situation (2005).
2016
The correlation between poverty and vulnerability, and the role social protection ex-ante measures and ex-post measures can play in reducing household poverty and household vulnerability mitigation measures, is the main concern of this paper. In this study, we estimate ex-ante poverty and vulnerability among the sampled household heads from the post-conflict district of Katakwi in Teso-sub-region. Using primary data collected from February to August 2016, the preliminary results show that, household vulnerability to poverty is more prevalent in conflict affected areas and it is not the same with those households living in secure and peaceful areas. There is a high level of household susceptibility to falling back into poverty in the near future in conflict affected areas. It is suggested that, social protection ex-ante measures can be used to prevent households from becoming poor as well as ex-post measures to alleviate those already trapped in poverty and vulnerability to escape p...
Household Food Security and Vulnerability: the Sustainable Livelihood Framework
JEJAK, 2017
This study examines determinants of household food security among the poorest households in Kalibawang, Yogyakarta. The Sustainable Livelihood Framework (SLF) is an approach that we use to explain how the poorest in the rural area in facing the vulnerability due to the coping food problem affected by the El Nino phenomenon by using their assets. To analyze factors in influencing food security for poor households in the village, we consider using determinants of household assets (human capital, financial capital, physical capital, natural capital and social capital), income, dummy employment, and many family members. Also, the sources of data for this study are cross section primary data from 125 poorest households, which are obtained by the Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and personally administered questionnaire methods. For further analysis, we used Coping Strategies Index (CSI) as a food security indicator, and Ordinary Least Square (OLS) is a method to explain the influence of determinants. Based on the analysis, the results indicate the factors that have an impact on the poorest household food security are the female education, financial, physical, and social capital, as well as employment status.Meanwhile, the head of household education, natural capital, and income have no effect on food security among poorest in the rural area.
2016
The study was carried out at Damot Gale Woreda of Wolayta Zone in Southern Nation Nationalities Regional State with the main objectives to describe correlates or determinants of rural poverty in the study area. In order to attain this objective the study made use of cross-sectional household survey data collected from 235 sample households .The data collected were analyzed and discussed applying FGT measure of poverty i.e. poverty head count index, poverty gap and severity. Using cost of basic needs approach; the study found that total poverty line (food and non food poverty line) of the study area was about 3612.151birr per year per adult equivalent consumption. Using this poverty line as bench mark the study indicated that 56.17 percent of the households were poor. The result of the logistic regression model revealed that out of 18 variables included in the model, 13 explanatory variables were found to be significant at 1%, 5% and 10% level. Accordingly, family size, household hea...
Determinant Factors of Household Poverty
2020
Poverty rate in Indonesia still relatively high reaches 10,12 % of Indonesia Population. In West Sumatera as a part of Indonesia, the poverty rate although lower than Indonesia, but it is still relatively high, reaches 6.75%. Several programs have been done to cope with poverty in Indonesia which have been successful to decrease the rate of poverty. However, in West Sumatera, the rate of poverty is stagnant in the last 5 years, even increase in the year 2016. To arrange the programs in FP villages, information about poverty is required. Among the important information needed are the factors that affect poverty in FP villages. A family planning village (FP village) is a village selected using certain criteria to be a development locality to help communities improve their quality of life and welfare through family planning and family development program in Indonesia. The objectives of this research were to describe characteristics of poor and non-poor households and to identify determ...
Over the past decade, there has been a somewhat convergence in thinking regarding the contributions of cash transfers to social protection and vulnerability reduction. As a result, governments of most developing countries in Asia and Africa have begun embracing the idea of cash transfer through a roll-out of various schemes all in a bid to address issues of poverty, vulnerability and social exclusion. This study analyses the contributions so far made by the Livelihood Empowerment Against Poverty (LEAP) programme to social protection and vulnerability reduction in the Lawra District of the Upper West Region. A multi-stage sampling procedure involving the use of simple random sampling and purposive sampling techniques was employed in selecting household level respondents, the District Social Welfare Officer and four focused group participants for the study. The study used semi-structured questionnaire, interview guide and focus group guide to collect data from respondents. The data collected was then used to determine the socio-economic impacts of the LEAP programme on recipient households, the challenges faced by the LEAP recipient households and the Lawra District Department of Social Welfare in the implementation of the programme, and the institutional mechanisms instituted to check arbitrary abuses in the implementation of the programme. Using data from structured questionnaires, focus group discussions and desk interviews, the study found positive impacts of the LEAP programme on recipient households in the area of access to healthcare services, school enrolment and retention of children of schooling age, food consumption and nutrition, production activities and social networks. The study observed that though children were engaged in farming activities, this was perceived as a form of socialisation and skill training and therefore do not constitute child labour. In all, the study recommends that discrete social intervention programmes should be sufficiently linked together in the district. It also recommends that the inactive District LEAP Implementation Committee found during the study should be reactivated and logistically supported to perform its function. The study further recommends that the DSW should be adequately resourced to effectively and efficiently carry out its mandate.