Discovering China's Tropical Rainforests (original) (raw)

China’s nature-based solutions in the Global South: Evidence from Asia, Africa, and Latin America

Global Environmental Change, 2024

China increasingly engages in environmental diplomacy through South-South cooperation across the developing world. Since 2019, the rise of the discourse of Nature-based Solutions (NbS) within this cooperation has been exponential. Coined just over ten years ago, NbS refers to the underexplored potential of leveraging the natural world to address socio-environmental challenges. The concept finds particular resonance in China, where it demonstrates strong parallels with the domestically-pioneered concept of Ecological Civilization – the ruling paradigm when it comes to all realms of Chinese environmental governance. Building on the global discourse, NbS has been adapted to the Chinese context, creating what some call “Chinese-style” NbS that prioritizes large-scale interventions and ecological engineering over grassroots preservation. China’s NbS are not only being pursued domestically, but also increasingly abroad through the country’s Belt and Road Initiative. From Southeast and Central Asia to Africa and Latin America, this article surveys Chinese-led or financed projects that fall under the broad umbrella of NbS. We provide a comparative analysis of these interventions – or the conspicuous lack of such interventions – to show the current status and future prospects for China’s growing sphere of influence when it comes to advancing NbS in the Global South. We find that China’s embrace of this concept in environmental diplomacy is directly related to the potential for NbS to serve as a tool for helping the country’s vision of an Ecological Civilization “go global.” The consonance between the rhetoric of NbS and Ecological Civilization, combined with the global reach of NbS, provides a powerful platform for taking Chinese environmental discourse to the global level.

‘The Panda of Plants’: The Discovery of Dawn Redwood and National Identity Construction in Modern China

International Journal for History, Culture and Modernity, 2019

This article analyzes the role played by the 1940s discovery of dawn red-wood (Shuishan , Metasequoia glyptostroboides) in the construction of a modern Chinese national identity, as manifested in Chinese intellectual and popular discourse from the second half of the twentieth century to the present day. As the shuishan was transformed from a distinct biological species into an iconic national species, modern China as an 'imagined community' was forged in three dimensions. Spatially, the emerging national space was anchored in the world of nations; the temporal scale was redefined, and Chinese history projected back into deep time; and through the attribution of moral qualities to the tree, the ressentiment arising from the late development of nationalism was reaffirmed but also countered.

Ecological Civilization in the making: the 'construction' of China's climate-forestry nexus

Environmental Sociology, 2022

In the Anthropocene, debates about global climate risks have taken carbon as a measure of policy success, with land-based mitigation strategies like afforestation receiving particular scrutiny. While scientists and policymakers discuss forestry as a potential climate solution, China has been implementing massive forestry projects for decades, drastically transforming environments under the Ecological Civilization framework. This article showcases China's globally emerging paradigm of Eco-Civilization and its implications for the climate-forestry nexus. Drawing parallels with Ulrich Beck's concept of 'metamorphosis' and Bruno Latour's concept of 'mutation,' we argue that China's Eco-Civilization aspires to a fundamental transformation in worldview-but one that is promoted as distinctly non-Western. We use the case of forestry to illuminate the potentially unique features of Chinese environmentalism as encapsulated in Eco-Civilization. We find that Eco-Civilization affords a strong role for the central state in actively building and constructing an ecological future in which the natural and the socio-political are not considered separate. This is in contrast to certain Western visions of preserving nature from human encroachment through grassroots environmental movements. We conclude by highlighting the theoretical contributions more pluralized debates about China's environmental rise could bring to environmental sociology.