Networking Heterogeneous Microcontroller based Systems through Universal Serial Bus (original) (raw)
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Networking Heterogeneous Microcontroller based Systems through Universal Serial Bus.pdf
Networking heterogeneous embedded systems is a challenge. Every distributed embedded systems requires that the network is designed specifically considering the heterogeneity that exits among different Microcontroller based systems that are used in developing a distributed embedded system. Communication architecture, which considers the addressing of the individual systems, arbitration, synchronisation, error detection and control etc. needs to be designed considering a specific application. The issue of configuring the slaves has to be addressed. It is also important that the messages, flow of the messages across the individual ES systems must be designed. Every distributed embedded system is different and needs to be dealt with separately. This paper presents an approach that addresses various issues related to networking distributed embedded systems through use of universal serial bus communication protocol (USB). The approach has been applied to design a distributed embedded that monitors and controls temperatures within a Nuclear reactor system.
Flexible communication structure for distributed embedded systems
IEE Proceedings E Computers and Digital Techniques, 1986
The paper describes an extensible communication system for Conic, an architecture for distributed embedded systems. Conic provides a high level programming language with interprocess communication primitives suited to both local and remote communication. These primitives are sufficiently powerful to be used for applications programming yet simple and efficient enough for programming system software. The communication system which supports these primitives is itself implemented in the Conic language. It provides a very simple datagram-like service, over interconnected local area networks. The configuration flexibility of Conic is exploited to allow extension of the basic communication system to give additional services such as virtual circuit or routing. The paper also relates the Conic communication system to the ISO Reference Model and indicates some of the problems of using the model. An earlier version of this paper was presented at the 5th IFAC
OPTIMIZING COMMUNICATION BETWEEN HETEROGENEOUS DISTRIBUTED EMBEDDED SYSTEMS USING CAN PROTOCOL
Distributed embedded systems are being used for many purposes especially in the field of automobile automation, safety critical systems and the process systems which need high performance and response. Many communications systems are being used which include I 2 C, CAN, and USB etc., for interconnecting distributed embedded systems. These communication systems will function effectively if all the distributed embedded systems are homogeneous. However these systems need many of the conversions when the networking of heterogeneous embedded systems is needed. Every distributed embedded system requires the design of networking, communication system architecture, design of flow of messages through proper addressing and arbitration, synchronization, error detection and control etc. These issues become complicated due to the use of heterogeneous embedded systems. This paper presents networking of a distributed embedded system through use of CAN protocol which is to be built around heterogeneous microcontroller based systems, a novel system for implementation of arbitration, the architecture for message flow and the design of data flow across the distributed embedded systems. The inventions presented in the paper have been applied to a pilot distributed system that monitors and controls the temperatures within a Nuclear reactor system.
Realizing a distributed heterogeneous embedded system using I 2 C requires investigations and findings related to designing of networking, architecture, message design and flow for prioritization, and datagram design. The existing methods for effecting communication among the heterogeneous embedded systems interconnected through I 2 C communication system have not addressed the heterogeneity issues. To suffice, new methods for designing Heterogeneous Embedded networks, communication systems, message flow systems and the message design have presented. The methods have been applied to an existing distributed embedded system and the results obtained proved to be exact as required. Every distributed embedded system is different and the kind of Hardware and protocol conversions required is dependent on the type of distributed embedded system. It has been shown in the paper the kind of conversions that must be undertaken considering I 2 C as the communication method and a set of selected heterogeneous embedded systems that are used for developing an application to monitor and control the temperatures within a Nuclear reactor system. The way the communication must be effected is dependent on the number of masters and the slaves that must be supported on the network. A communication system architecture that suits the pilot project has been presented. A design flow method which uses priority queues has been presented to effect the communication according to the flow required. The design of datagrams required for effecting the communication has also been presented in the paper.
BUILDING HETEROGENEOUS DISTRIBUTED EMBEDDED SYSTEMS THROUGH RS485 COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL
RS485 based networking of distributed embedded systems is most effective as every microcontroller based embedded system has built-in serial communication interface. Establishing a network connecting heterogeneous microcontroller based systems become quite simple when RS485 based communication is used. However RS485 suffers from too much of overhead due to the need for transmitting the addresses along with Data. HUB based RS485 based communication eliminates transmission overheads. In this paper HUB based RS485 based networking of heterogeneous embedded systems that suits to a pilot project that monitors and controls the temperature within a Nuclear reactor system has been presented. Many other related inventions that include message flow architecture, method of addressing the devices on the network, and data packet design that are related to a pilot project have also been presented.
2006
This paper presents an approach to industrial embedded system networking that offers a reusable design pattern for the class of Internet-based applications. It deals with an integrated networking framework stemming (1) from the IEEE 1451.1 smart transducer interface standard, which is an object-based networking model supporting among others publish-subscribe approach to group messaging, and (2) from the Internet Protocol (IP) multicast communication, mediating efficient and unified access to smart sensors through Internet. The kernel of this paper focuses on adaptations and tuning of those concepts and on their utilization for a gas pipes pressure measurement system as an application example. Furthermore, the contribution brings this scheme in form suitable not only for framework builders, but also for end-user
5. On Distributed Embedded Systems
Thinking of distributed embedded systems (DES)-let alone the more general area of embedded computing-as a unified topic is difficult. Nevertheless, it is a vastly important topic and potentially represents a revolution in information technology (IT). DES is driven by the increasing capabilities and ever-declining costs of computing and communications devices, resulting in networked systems of embedded computers whose functional components are nearly invisible to end users. Systems have the potential to alter radically the way in which people interact with their environment by linking a range of devices and sensors that will allow information to be collected, shared, and processed in unprecedented ways.
An approach to hybridisation of embedded system networks
International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 2018
Embedded systems can be networked using either wired or wireless technologies. ES systems when networked using wires can communicate serially over a bus using the technologies such as CAN, I2C, USB, RS485, and Fire wire. These standards differ in many ways which include arbitration, synchronization, address resolution, timing, type of communication etc. Embedded systems can also be network using wireless technologies which exits in many versions.Several applications these days are requiring more than one communication technology. Several sub-systems are developed using a networking method and it requires that the subsystems that are networked using different technologies are to be networked further for realizing entire application. Such a network needs to deal with many of the heterogeneous communication system leading to an issue of hybridisation. In this paper various issues/approaches that need to be addressed for hybridising of the ES networks have been presented.
Developing universal protocol for distributed control applications with microcontrollers
IFAC Proceedings Volumes, 2009
This paper describes a new industrial communicatio n protocol, dNet protocol suite, and its application in control systems. Protocols in this s uite have some useful properties known from higher communication protocols. For example, abstract of a ddresses and connection, encryption and application services. They also have some characteristics typic al rather for industrial protocols, e.g. simple implementation in microcontrollers, compatibility w ith existing bus standards (CAN), support for program downloading and device configuration. The s uite can be operated almost over any data link layer. Document then presents a typical way of prot ocol usage, definition of application services and networks management.
Inter-Networking Heterogeneous Embedded Networks through Universal Bus
Distributed embedded systems can be developed either through wired or wireless based networking. Wired based networking is generally and frequently achieved through the use of protocols such as CAN, I2C, RS485, and USB. These protocols require uses different bus designs, protocols, terminations, arbitration, error control, device addressing, speed of communication, Formats of data packets etc. Interconnecting the Individual networks can be done using bridges, Single master interface, and Multi Master Interface. However the Number of buses running around will make the system complicated especially when interconnecting heterogeneous ES networks are implemented within automobiles like systems. The electrical characteristics of the signals flowing across these networks differ. In this paper a method and a design is presented that show the way a single bus is used for releasing different ES networks, thus reducing the number of wires and signals flowing across the heterogeneous ES network implementation with the same application while supporting all the ES network specific issues that Include Protocol, Device addressing, Bus arbitration, Synchronisation, Data pocketing, error control, speed selection for data transmission, bus termination. Timing etc.