Development of Geopolymer Lightweight Concrete using Industrial By-products (original) (raw)
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An Experimental Investigation on GGBFS and Fly Ash Based Geopolymer Concrete
Geopolymer is a new development in the world of concrete in which cement is totally replaced by pozzoloanic materials like fly ash and activated by highly alkaline solutions to act as a binder in the concrete mix. Geopolymer concrete utilizes an alternate material including fly ash as binding material in place of cement. As some of the surveys said one tone manufacturing of cement produces nearly one tone of carbon dioxide and which in turn produces greenhouse gases which cause global warming. Present work selects two l industrial by products such as fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) to manufacture geo polymer concrete. Three Molarities of NaOH 8 M, 10 M, 12 M are considered with the replacement of fly ash with GGBFS and as per Indian Standard Specimens are casted and tested at room temperature curing.
International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET), 2022
The global demand of concrete for the construction of infrastructures is continuously increasing. The production of cement is highly intensive and it emits a lot of CO2 into the air which leads to the global warming. One of the effort to produce the environment friendly concrete is geopolymer concrete which emits less CO2. In the present study the feasibility of industrial by-products i.e.; Fly Ash (FA) and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) powder as eco-friendly and sustainable is studied. So the main aim of this study is to analyse the performance of fly ash and GGBS based geopolymer concrete with conventional concrete which are compared with respect to strength and durability parameters for (7days and 28 days) curing period. In this study strength parameters includes compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength and durability parameters includes acid attack test and rapid chloride permeability test. The two different proportions of (70% fly ash+ 30% ggbs) and (60% fly ash+ 40% ggbs) are used in geopolymer concrete. The Alkaline solutions used are sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3). The study includes casting of geopolymer concrete and conventional concrete specimens and tested for (7 and 28 days) ages for both strength and durability. The results show that Geopolymer concrete gives good strength and durability compared to conventional concrete. Thus, the Geopolymer concrete can be considered to be an environmentally pollution free construction material.
Experimental Study on Geopolymer Concrete with Replacement of Fly ASH and GGBS
IJRASET, 2021
In Twenty First century infrastructure development concrete has come out as the dominant construction material due to its longevity and strength. The main component used in the concrete preparation is ordinary Portland cement whose production release large amount of carbon dioxide into atmosphere that causes greenhouse effects. Various surveys suggest industries around the globe contribute about 6%of carbon dioxide that is releasing into the atmosphere. In spite of this major environmental concern, we cannot reduce the use of ordinary Portland cement for making concrete. In this study concrete is prepared by using geopolymer technology i.e. by mixing fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag, sodium silicates, sodium hydroxide are mixed. Specimen curing is done at regular intervals of 3 days, 7days, and 28days. Compressive, split and flexural strength obtained after 3 days, 7 days and 28 days. Acid, Sulphate test and permeability test done for 14 and 28 days of curing the specimen. More strength occurred at mix 5 of fly ash 30% and GGBS 70%.
Survey on Fly Ash Based Geopolymer Concrete
Journal of emerging technologies and innovative research, 2020
A comprehensive summary of the extensive studies conducted on fly ash-based geopolymer concrete is presented. Test data are used to identify the effects of salient factors that influence the properties of the geopolymer concrete in the fresh and hardened states. These results are utilized to propose a simple method for the design of geopolymer concrete mixtures. The economic merits of the geopolymer concrete are also mentioned. The behaviour of in filled stub column and hollow stub column is studied experimentally by applying gradual load along with analytical integrated the engineering behaviour of fly ash and GGBS synthesized binder at different mix proportions as well as at dissimilar curing environments and these properties are compared with conventional concrete. In addition, another local waste material, manufactured sand (M-sand), was used as a replacement for conventional sand by many researchers in the development of green geopolymer concrete, the finding of this review is we can use Fly Ash ,MK, GGBS, as binders to wholly replace conventional ordinary concrete would lead to alternate eco-friendly geopolymer matrix.
A study on the strength development of geopolymer concrete using fly ash
International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 2017
Cement consumption is increasing day by day due to the tremendous development in the infrastructure facilities. The production of one ton of cement emits approximately one ton of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. In order to reduce the use of cement a new-generation concrete has been developed such as geopolymer concrete (GPC).Geopolymer Geopolymer is a new material which has the potential to replace ordinary Portland cement. It is an inorganic material synthesized by alkali activation of amorphous aluminosilicates at ambient or slightly increased temperatures having an amorphous to semi-crystalline polymeric structure. In this study, low calcium flyash from Tuticorin was used to produce geopolymer concrete. The geopolymer was synthesized with sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide solutions. The sodium hydroxide pellets was dissolved in the distilled water to make free from mixing water contaminants. The ratio of sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide ratio was kept as 2.5. The concent...
IJERT-An Investigation on Geopolymer Concrete with GGBFS and Fly Ash
International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 2021
https://www.ijert.org/an-investigation-on-geopolymer-concrete-with-ggbfs-and-fly-ash https://www.ijert.org/research/an-investigation-on-geopolymer-concrete-with-ggbfs-and-fly-ash-IJERTV10IS080082.pdf The conventional concrete used for the construction of large structures releases greenhouse gases leading to ozone layer depletion and global warming. An alternative solution to conventional concrete has been sought by many researchers. Geopolymer concrete is the one in which cement in conventional concrete is replaced by mineral admixtures such as fly ash, GGBFS, metakaolin, micro silica etc and chemical solutions acting together as a binder. In this paper, geopolymer concrete is made using ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) and fly ash in alkaline solutions (sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide) is compared with conventional concrete. The strength parameters investigated are (i) 7 days compressive strength (ii) 28 days compressive strength (iii) 28 days split tensile strength (iv) 28 days flexural strength. Workability and cost analysis of different cases of geopolymer concrete is also investigated.
"Experimental Study on Fly Ash based Geopolymer Concrete with Replacement of Sand by GBS"
The objective of this research work was to produce a carbon dioxide emission free cementitious material. The geopolymer concrete is totally cement free concrete. In this present study the main limitations of fly ash based geopolymer concrete are slow setting of concrete at ambient temperature and Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GBS) as replacement for natural sand. Fly ash and alkaline activator undergo geo polymerization process to produce alumina silicate gel. Alkaline solution used in the present study for the combination of sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate with a ratio of 1:2.5. A 13 Molarity solution was taken to prepare the mix and maintaining the alkaline binder ratio as 0.40. The solution for different mix Id i.e. G0S100, G10S90, G20S80, G30S70, G40S60, G50S50, G60S40, G70S30, G80S20, G90S10, and G100S0 (Where G and S are, respectively, GBS and Sand and the numerical value indicates the percentage of replacement of natural sand by GBS). The cube specimens are taken of size 100 mm x 100 mm x 100 mm. Ambient curing of concrete at room temperature was adopted. In total 66 cubes were cast for different mix Id and the cube specimens are tested for their compressive strength at age of 7 days and 28 days respectively. The strength of geopolymer concrete was increased with increase in percentage of GBS in a mix. It was observed that the mix Id G100S0 gave maximum compressive strength of 74.33 N/mm2. Also the splitting tensile strength and flexural strength for the mix G100S0 was done. Geopolymer concrete is revolutionary sustainable that will pave the way for green building.
Construction and Building Materials, 2014
Inclusion of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) with class F fly-ash can have a significant effect on the setting and strength development of geopolymer binders when cured in ambient temperature. This paper evaluates the effect of different proportions of GGBFS and activator content on the workability and strength properties of fly ash based geopolymer concrete. In this study, GGBFS was added as 0%, 10% and 20 % of the total binder with variable activator content (40 and 35%) and sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide ratio (1.5 to 2.5). Significant increase in strength and some decrease in the workability were observed in geopolymer concretes with higher GGBFS and lower sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide ratio in the mixtures. Similar to OPC concrete, development of tensile strength correlated well with the compressive strength of ambient-cured geopolymer concrete. The predictions of tensile strength from compressive strength of ambient-cured geopolymer concrete using the ACI 318 and AS 3600 codes tend to be similar to that for OPC concrete. The predictions are more conservative for heat-cured geopolymer concrete than for ambient-cured geopolymer concrete. The effects of ground granulated blast-furnace slag blending with fly ash and activator content on the workability and strength properties of geopolymer concrete cured at ambient temperature
Workability and Flexural Behavior of Geopolymer Lightweight Concrete using Industrial By-products
In this research paper, an attempt has been made to develop the geopolymer lightweight concrete using the industrial by-products such as fly ash class-C, GGBFS, PS sand and sintered fly ash aggregates to achieve the required workability and strength. The use of fly ash and GGBFS in different ratios as binder material were studied in this work. The geopolymer lightweight concrete was developed at ambient curing. The liquid – binder ratio was maintained at 0.4 for all the mix under study. The workability of concrete was measured with help of slump cone test, compaction factor test and flow test using inverted slump cone. The workability test results indicate the present geopolymer concrete under study can be termed as self-compacting and self-levelling concrete. The density of this concrete was in the range of 1740Kg/m3 to 1840Kg/m3. The higher the GGBFS content better is the workability and density. The compressive and flexural strength developed in geopolymer concrete after 28 days of curing is in the range of 27 Mpa to 43 Mpa and 5 Mpa to 8 Mpa respectively. Hence this Lightweight Geopolymer concrete can be produced with required workability and strength. This green concrete utilization in large scale can reduce the cost of the building.
Strength studies on geopolymer concrete with GGBS and Fly ash
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2020
Geopolymer concrete is a pollution controlled and eco-friendly alternate material used for construction in the recent years. This concrete has many advantages and applications. The main aim of this study is to check the effect of Fly ash and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) on the mechanical properties of Geopolymer concrete at different replacement levels of GGBS by fly ash from 0 to 25% with 5% variation. From previous researches on Geopolymer concrete, an optimized mix is identified for testing mechanical behaviour. Sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) of 12 Molarity is used as activator solution in the ratio of 1:2.5. A carboxylic based admixture called La Hypercrete S25 is added in the mix by 1% of the weight of GGBS for increasing the workability of Geopolymer concrete. Cubes of 100mm size are cast for determining the compression strength behavior. Cylinders of 100mm dia and 200mm height are cast for splitting tensile strength and beams of size 500m...