"La prosa de Manuel Gutiérrez Nájera: el público femenino del Modernismo." Ed. Florencio Sevilla y Carlos Alvar. Actas del XIII Congreso de la Asociación Internacional de Hispanistas. Madrid: Castalia, 2000, vol. III, 233-41. (original) (raw)
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La poesía de Manuel Gutiérrez Nájera registra de forma elocuente los diferentes factores que explican el nacimiento del Modernismo. Pero sobre todo revela cómo esos factores actúan de forma interdependiente, y por ello se convierte en un reclamo para un replanteamiento de los estudios modernistas, que deben ir privilegiando progresivamente los enfoques holísticos e interdisciplinarios. En concreto, la poesía de Nájera expone con especial claridad la interdependencia entre el nuevo ámbito urbano y el abandono de la fi gura femenina romántica, así como la esencialidad de la correlación entre su desasosiego biográfi co, la tradición elegíaca del Romanticismo y el ennui fi nisecular. Todo esto, además, en unos poemas anteriores a los que la crítica tradicional había indicado como puntos de partida del modernismo najeriano, y defi niendo muy bien las aportaciones propias de Nájera, frente a otras no menos importantes de Silva, Casal o Darío.
Despite the importance of female readers for the development of Spanish Modernism, scholars have practically overlooked their existence and have rather focussed on other areas of Modernist readership, such as the mutual readings by Modernist poets and the reactions from official literary critics. To describe and analyze that female readership is a pending task since this one was perhaps the most faithful public of this movement. There are several ways to recreate that scenario, such as the study of rhetoricism specifically intended for female readers, or the analysis of female readers appearing as characters in those works. In this article, I use testimonies from historical female readers to show the real importance of that audience as well as those moments in which authors and readers interact and generate some of the better known characteristics of Modernist literature. Following reader-response theories, I classify those readers in two main groups ("specialized" and "naive"), list the names of some of those readers, show how they relate to Modernist authors and, finally, attempt to proof that these readers were also important agents for the dissemination of that literature. -----------------------------------Neophilologus 87: 43-61, 2003.
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