Measurement of attitudes towards persons with disabilities (original) (raw)
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Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine, 2021
Objective To develop and validate a scale to assess people’s attitudes and perspectives toward persons with disabilities.Methods The three-stage development of the scale included a preliminary version drafted from the literature review and a nominal group process. Thereafter, the draft was examined further and revised through two rounds of Delphi survey by 16 disability experts. Lastly, the psychometric properties of the scale were assessed through an online survey of 1,359 employees at three university hospitals.Results A 32-item scale, defined after two Delphi surveys, was refined into 14 items with four subcategories: community integration, discomfort, charitability, and sense of burdening. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.839 and domain reliability from 0.638 to 0.845. Recent education on disabilities yielded more positive attitudes toward persons with disabilities. Meaningful acquaintances with disabilities yielded more positive attitudes toward persons with disabilities....
Attitudes and Perceptions concerning Persons with Disabilities: Potential for Growth
1997
In April 1996 survey examined issues that many educators face when facilitating outdoor adventure programs that include persons with disabilities. The survey was returned by 176 of the 487 program directors listed in the 1992 Directory of Experiential Therapy and Adventure-Based Counseling Programs. The great majority of respondents were persons of White, European descent without disabilities. A similar survey was distributed to a staff member randomly selected by each director. Major findings from directors' responses were: 1) programs were accessible and staff attitudes were generally positive toward persons with disabilities; 2) program accommodations for persons with emotional disabilities were easier to implement than those for physical or cognitive impairments; and 3) staff training and consultation on disability issues could be improved. Staff members' responses were generally consistent with directors' assessments. However, staff members expressed some unique preferences with regard to specific disability groups and specific concerns as to staff competencies in meeting the needs of persons with disabilities. Implications for professional practice are discussed. Contains 15 references. (Author/TD)
Measurement of Factors Affecting the Perception of People with Disabilities in the Workplace
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
The issue of employing people with disabilities is crucial from both a social and economic perspective, and is often influenced by the social perception of this group of people. In this article, we attempted to examine attitudes towards the disabled in eight European countries by using one of the most popular tools that measures the perception of such people in everyday life—the Attitudes to Disability Scale (ADS) developed by the WHOQOL Group. We checked the general attitude towards disability according to the ADS scale and the specific perception of disability in the workplace using a scale created ad hoc. The research was conducted in 2019 using the CAWI (computer-assisted web interview) method on representative samples of Internet users, whereas the analysis methods included the measurement reliability analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modelling (SEM). The obtained results allow for the acceptance of the measurement model of the ADS scale in th...
Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 2014
To describe the development of new self-report measures of social attitudes that act as environmental facilitators or barriers to the participation of people with disabilities in society. A mixed methods approach included a literature review; item classification, selection and writing; cognitive interviews and field testing with participants with spinal cord injury (SCI), traumatic brain injury (TBI) or stroke; and rating scale analysis to evaluate initial psychometric properties. General community. Nine individuals with SCI, TBI or stroke participated in cognitive interviews; 305 community residents with those same conditions participated in field testing. None. Self-report item pool of social attitudes that act as facilitators or barriers to people with disabilities participating in society. An interdisciplinary team of experts classified 710 existing social environment items into content areas and wrote 32 new items. Additional qualitative item review included item refinement and...
Personal and Societal Attitudes to Disability
Annals of Tourism Research, 2005
Abstract: The research addresses theoretical and conceptual frameworks dealing with the formation and change of attitudes, cognitive dissonance, positive and negative prejudice, the concept of ‘‘spread’’, overt and covert attitudes and their formation, and the nexus between attitudes and behavior toward disability. Two attitude scales—the interaction with disabled persons and the scale of attitudes toward disabled persons—are reviewed and results of two studies are presented. Major findings are that it is easier to change societal attitudes than personal attitudes. Additionally, the use of contact with a person with a disability was more efficacious in changing attitudes than only information provision. Implications for the practice of hospitality and tourism management service provision are discussed. Keywords: disability, service provision, attitudes.
Structure and Directiveness of Attitudes to Disability
2013
The study seeks to answer questions: whether the integration of the disabled changes public attitude to people with disabilities? And if so, what is the direction of public opinion change? Representations of disability, understanding of disabled people’s needs and personality traits are analysed using interview and content analysis methods. The study involved students whose future profession is not related to the disabled. The structure of attitude to the disabled is revealed based on the analysis of theoretical (clinical and social) models. Key words: disability, attitude, social representation, stereotypes, social model, clinical model
2017
Introduc)on The social and medical models of disability are sets of underlying assump?ons explaining people's beliefs about the causes and implica?ons of disability. • The medical model is the predominant model in the United States that is associated with the belief that disability is an undesirable status that needs to be cured (Darling & Heckert, 2010). This model focuses on the diagnosis, treatment and cura?ve efforts related to disability. • The social model is preferred by disability ac?vists and researchers which focuses on society’s involvement in disability, such as s?gma?za?on, discrimina?on and the interpersonal barriers that are features of one’s disability. The social model suggests that society disables individuals and is the cause of impairment (Olkin, 2003). Allport’s contact hypothesis states that increased contact with people with disabili?es (PWD) will reduce prejudice through rela?onship building and social connec?on (Allport, 1954). • Pe8grew’s Intergroup Con...