Study of wheezing and its risk factors in the first year of life in the Province of Salamanca, Spain.: The EISL Study (original) (raw)

Wheezing and risk factors in the first year of life in Cantabria, Spain. The EISL study

Allergologia et immunopathologia, 2015

To determine the prevalence of wheezing during the first year of life in Cantabria, Spain and its associated risk factors. A cross-sectional, multicentre, descriptive epidemiological study was carried out in a representative sample of 958 infants in the first year of life, born in Cantabria. A previously validated and standardised written questionnaire was completed by the parents of infants seen between 12 and 15 months of age in the Primary Care Centres. The prevalence of wheezing was 32.7%. A relationship was found with male gender (OR 1.38, 95%CI [1.05-1.81]), the presence of a sibling (OR 2.43 [1.38-3.98]), attending nursery school (OR 2.40 [1.71-3.35]), exclusive breastfeeding for <3 months (OR 1.47 [1.12-1.93]), a first cold at ≤3 months (OR 2.07 [1.56-2.74]), asthma in siblings (OR 2.17 [1.25-3.77]), parental allergic rhinitis (OR 1.62 [1.10-2.37]) and paracetamol use >1 a week (OR 2.49 [1.31-4.73]), and maternal smoking during pregnancy (OR 2.18 [1.51-3.15]). The prev...

Epidemiological aspects of and risk factors for wheezing in the first year of life

Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia, 2014

OBJECTIVE: To determine, in a sample of infants, the prevalence of and risk factors for occasional wheezing (OW) and recurrent wheezing-wheezy baby syndrome (WBS). METHODS: Parents of infants (12-15 months of age) completed the International Study of Wheezing in Infants questionnaire. RESULTS: We included 1,269 infants residing in the city of Blumenau, Brazil. Of those, 715 (56.34%) had a history of wheezing, which was more common among boys. The prevalences of OW and WBS were 27.03% (n = 343) and 29.31% (n = 372), respectively. On average, the first wheezing episode occurred at 5.55 ± 2.87 months of age. Among the 715 infants with a history of wheezing, the first episode occurred within the first six months of life in 479 (66.99%), and 372 (52.03%) had had three or more episodes. Factors associated with wheezing in general were pneumonia; oral corticosteroid use; a cold; attending daycare; having a parent with asthma or allergies; mother working outside the home; male gender; no br...

Prevalence and risk factors associated with wheezing in the first year of life

Jornal de Pediatria, 2014

Objective: to investigate the prevalence and risk factors associated with wheezing in infants in the first year of life. Methods: this was a cross-sectional study, in which a validated questionnaire (Estudio Internacional de Sibilancias en Lactantes -International Study of Wheezing in Infants -EISL) was applied to parents of infants aged between 12 and 15 months treated in 26 of 85 primary health care units in the period between 2006 and 2007. The dependent variable, wheezing, was defined using the following standards: occasional (up to two episodes of wheezing) and recurrent (three or more episodes of wheezing). The independent variables were shown using frequency distribution to compare the groups. Measures of association were based on odds ratio (OR) with a confidence interval of 95% (95% CI), using bivariate analysis, followed by multivariate analysis (adjusted OR [aOR]). Results: a total of 1,029 (37.7%) infants had wheezing episodes in the first 12 months of life; of these, 16.2% had recurrent wheezing. Risk factors for wheezing were family history of asthma (OR = 2.12; 95% CI: 1.76-2.54) and six or more episodes of colds (OR = 2.38; 95% CI: 1.91-2.97) and pneumonia (OR = 3.02; 95% CI: 2.43-3.76). For recurrent wheezing, risk factors were: familial asthma (aOR = 1.73; 95% CI 1.22---2.46); early onset wheezing (aOR = 1.83; 95% CI: 1.75-3.75); nocturnal symptoms (aOR = 2.56; 95% CI: 1.75-3.75), and more than six colds (aOR = 2.07; 95% CI 1.43-.00). ଝ Please cite this article as: Bessa OAAC, Leite ÁJM, Solé D, Mallol J. Prevalence and risk factors associated with wheezing in the first year of life. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2013. http://dx.---7 ARTICLE IN PRESS +Model 2

Recurrent wheezing: prevalence and associated factors in infants from Buenos Aires City, Argentina

Boletín Médico del Hospital Infantil de México (English Edition)

Background: The episodes of bronchial obstruction at early age constitute a frequent problem in Pediatrics. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of recurrent wheezing in infants in Buenos Aires City and to identify its associated factors. Methods: a Cross-sectional study performed from 2011 to 2012 in the Children Hospital Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires City, as part of the International Study of Wheezing in Infants. A validated questionnaire was applied to parents of infants aged between 12 and 15 months. The wheezing prevalence, mainly in recurrent patients (three or more episodes) was evaluated, and its likely associated factors. Data were statistically analyzed employing χ 2 test, Fisher's test, binary, and logistics multiple regression analysis, with a significance level of 0.05. Results: Over 1063 infants, 58.9% (confidence interval (CI) 95% 55.9-61.9) had at least one episode of wheezing and 26.3% (CI95% 23.8-29.9) had three or more episodes (recurrent wheezing). Risk factors associated to wheezing were male sex (p = 0.001), six or more episodes of cold during the first year of life (p < 0.0001), age at first cold <4 months (p < 0.0001); pneumonia (p < 0.0001) and tobacco smoking during pregnancy (p = 0.01). For recurrent wheezing, risk factors we considered as six or more episodes of cold during the first year of life (p < 0.0001), early (< 4 month old) onset wheezing (p < 0.0001) and nocturnal wheezing (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: The prevalence of recurrent wheezing among infants in Buenos Aires City was high (26.3%). Some identified associated factors can be preventable.

Risk Factors for Wheezing Disorders in Infants in the First Year of Life Living in Sao Paulo, Brazil

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, 2012

The objective of this study was to identify risk factors for wheezing disorders in the first year of life in infants living in Sa˜o Paulo (SP), Brazil, applying the standardized protocol of the Estudio Internacional de sibilancia en lactentes-Phase 1. A total of 1014 parents or caregivers of infants, who attended for routine evaluation and immunization in public health centers were interviewed in Southern SP city. Risk factors significantly associated with recurrent wheezing were: history of previous pneumonia, daycare attendance, consumption of processed food, presence of a cat at home, more than five upper respiratory infection (URI) episodes and the first URI before the age of sixth month. Most of these risk factors for wheezing can be avoided or controlled. Prospective studies on wheezing, especially in children with a severe presentation, are needed to analyze the impact of these risk factors and the effect of preventive actions.

International Study of Wheezing in Infants (EISL) - phase 3, São Paulo - SP, Brazil

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2012

The multicenter International Study of Wheezing in Infants (EISL) was developed to study the prevalence of recurrent wheezing and related risk factors in infants during the fi rst year of life using a written questionnaire (EISL-WQ). Objectives: To constructively validate a modifi ed, shortened version of the EISL-WQ in children up to 36 months of age in São Paulo, Brazil, and to verify its usefulness in diagnosing probable asthma in these children. Methods: The parents of 170 infants aged 12 to 36 months answered the shortened EISL-WQ in an emergency room and were asked if their child was currently wheezing before a diagnosis was made by a physician. The consistency between parent perception and the physician's diagnosis was then evaluated. A second group (n = 55) participated in the validation of the short-term repeatability of the shortened questionnaire by completing it twice (mean interval, 23 days). Results: There was good agreement between parent perception of wheezing and the physician's diagnosis following auscultation (Kappa statistic = 0.7; odds ratio = 38.33; 95% confi dence interval, 15.8 to 92.8; P < .001); sensitivity (82.8%), specifi city (85.0%), positive predictive value (81.5%), and negative predictive value (86.0%) were all high. The short-term repeatability of the shortened version of the EISL-WQ was also high (κ > 0.75). Questions added to the shortened EISL-WQ improved the internal consistency of the original questionnaire (Cronbach α = 0.823, P < .001) and a high Youden index was found for patients defi ned as probable asthmatics. Conclusions: The shortened version of the EISL-WQ translated into Portuguese has high internal consistency, and is a valid, reliable, and reproducible instrument for obtaining data on wheezing in children below 36 months of age and for identifying those with probable asthma.

Risk factors for recurrent wheezing in the first year of life in the city of Córdoba, Argentina

Allergologia et immunopathologia, 2017

Background: Wheezing is a very common respiratory symptom in infants. The prevalence of wheezing in infants, conducted in developed countries shows prevalence rates ranging between 20% and 30%. However, we do not know the risk factors in our population of wheezing infants. Methods: A standardised written questionnaire (WQ-P1-EISL) in infants between 12 and 18 months of age residing in the city of Cordoba was used; population/sample included 1031 infants. Recurrent wheezing (RW) was defined as three or more episodes of wheezing reported by the parents during the first 12 months of life. Data obtained were coded in Epi-Info TM (version 7) and statistically analysed with SPSS (version 17.5) software in Spanish. Parametric tests (one-way ANOVA) were performed for identifying significantly associated variables. Results: The prevalence of wheezing infants was 39.7%; recurrent wheezing 33%; and severe wheezing 14.7%; 13.7% had pneumonia before the first year and of these 6.3% were hospitalised, multiple variables as risk factors for wheezing were found such as: >6 high airway infections and bronchiolitis in the first three months of life, smokers who smoke in the home among other risk factors and protective factors in those who have an elevated socioeconomic status. Conclusion: It is known that persistent respiratory problems in children due to low socioeconomic status is a risk factor for wheezing, pneumonia and could be a determining factor in the prevalence and severity of RW in infants. Research suggests that there are areas for improvement in the implementation of new educational strategies.

Wheezing in infancy: epidemiology, investigation, and treatment

Jornal de Pediatria, 2010

Objective: To perform a review of the epidemiological aspects of investigating and treating wheezing in infants. Sources: A search was run on MEDLINE using the keywords "wheezing," "infants," "diagnosis," "treatment," and "children," and Google was also used to search for "Estudio Internacional de Sibilancias en Lactantes." Summary of the findings: The prevalence of wheezing in infants varies greatly around the world. The factors associated with wheezing in infants are different at different research centers. Treatment of wheezing infants is still controversial and is dependent on a precise diagnosis. Clinical history and physical examination are fundamental to diagnosis. Conclusions: A standardized method could reveal data of relevance to the epidemiology and treatment of wheezing in Brazil and allow comparisons between different participating centers.