Plants and People: Choices and Diversity through Time (original) (raw)

2014, Early Agricultural Remnants and Technical Heritage (EARTH): 8,000 Years of Resilience and Innovation

This first monograph in the EARTH: The Dynamics of Non-Industrial Agriculture: 8,000 years of Resilience and Innovation series, approaches the great variety of agricultural practices in human terms. It focuses on the relationship between plants and people, the complexity of agricultural processes and their organisation within particular communities and societies. Collaborative European research among archaeologists, archaeobotanists, ethnographers, historians and agronomists using a broad analytical scale of investigation seeks to establish new common ground for integrating different approaches. By means of interdisciplinary examples, this book showcases the relationship between people and plants across wide ranging and diverse spatial and temporal milieus, including crop diversity, the use of wild foodstuffs, social context, status and choices of food plants.

Dynamics of plant economies in ancient societies [CRC 1266, subproject F3, phase 1], 2web-reports

CRC 1266 "Scales of Transformation – Human-Environmental Interaction in Prehistoric and Archaic Societies", subproject F3, 2024

The project investigates changes and innovations in plant production and consumption in the period from the Neolithic through the Iron Age (6th-1st millennium BCE). It does this through multi-proxy analysis of macro-plant remains extracted from deposits at a selection of archaeological sites in northern Germany, western Slovakia, Hungary and Serbia. The macro-botanical remains are examined for their morphology, taphonomy, quantity, frequency, archaeological context, association with other archaeological materials, ecology of plants that they come from, their stable isotope composition and radiocarbon-measured age. The results offer a basis for the reconstruction of past roles and importance to people of different plants; the ways in which plants were grown, processed, stored and discarded; local and regional variations in plant use and plant handling; changes over time in crop cultivation regimes; innovations in the agricultural practice and new additions to the repertoire of crops in the study region. During the project's first phase, we identified continuity but also diversification through time of agrarian choices and techniques. The second phase explores correlations and causal links between coeval changes in agricultural practice and palaeoenvironment, technology, ideology and social organisation. This is done at local and regional scales and from a long-term temporal perspective. The work now also includes the analysis of food remains – amorphous lumps of charred material found in archaeobotanical samples or adhering to walls of ceramic pots. The anatomy of these materials reveals the ingredients of past meals and offers a glimpse into past cuisines and food preparation techniques. Both aspects of the study – plant food production and consumption – include experiments (crop growing and food preparation respectively) and use ethnographic observations for the interpretations. The project is part (F3) of the Collaborative Research Centre 1266 "Scales of Transformation - Human-Environmental Interaction in Prehistoric and Archaic Societies", funded by the DFG.

Food, economy and society: Multi-faceted lessons to learn from ancient plant remains

Plant remains and animal bones from archaeological excavations form the basis for interpretation in ancient food studies. This paper presents the methods and theory of archaeobotany, followed by a discussion of the Danish archaeobotanical record. The often very well-preserved archaeobotanical assemblages, of which some examples are presented below, hold great potential for providing new insights on ancient agriculture and food practices.

Loading...

Loading Preview

Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.