Haematological Parameters of Pelophylax ridibundus (Amphibia: Ranidae) from the Region of the Lead and Zinc Plant “Kardzhali” (South Bulgaria) and their use in the Environmental Quality Assessment (original) (raw)
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Basic haematological parameters were studied in adult, sexually mature individuals of colour morphs (striata and maculata) in the populations of Pelophylax ridibundus living in biotopes with various degrees of anthropogenic pollution (control, domestic sewage pollution and heavy metal pollution) in Southern Bulgaria. We found that in the polluted biotopes in individuals of both morphs of P. ridibundus the blood parameters: erythrocyte (RBC) and leukocyte (WBS) count, haemoglobin concentration (Hb), haematocrit (PCV) were statistically reliably higher, the number of lymphocytes (Ly) decreased, and the parameters: mean cell haemoglobin (MCH), mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean cell volume (MCV) and differential blood formula changed considerably in comparison with the control group. In terms of anthropogenic pollution, the average values of RBC and Hb were higher in P. ridibundus of striata morph.
abstract Zhelev, Zh. M., G. S. PoPGeorGiev and N. h. Mehterov, 2014. Changes in the basic morphophysiological parameters in the populations of Pelophylax ridibundus (Amphibia: ranidae) from anthropogenically polluted biotopes in southern Bulgaria. Part 1. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 20: 1202-1210 this study was conducted with the purpose to assess the condition of some vital organs (heart, spleen, kidney and gonads) of Pelophylax ridibundus populations that live in conditions of anthropogenic pollution in biotopes in southern Bulgaria, through analysing their relative weights: cardiosomatic index (CSi), spleenosomatic index (SSi), renosomatic index (rSi) and gonadоsomatic index (GSI). Populations from three biotopes were investigated: a relatively clean biotope (the control) and two polluted biotopes (with domestic sewage pollution and heavy metal pollution). We found that in both sexes, in conditions of pollution, the relative weight of the heart, spleen and kidney increased. in the population from biotope with heavy metal pollution , the relative weight of gonads was bigger.
Open Journal of Animal Sciences, 2014
Basic haematological parameters were studied in adult, sexually mature individuals of colour morphs (striata and maculata) in the populations of Pelophylax ridibundus living in biotopes with various degrees of anthropogenic pollution (control, domestic sewage pollution and heavy metal pollution) in Southern Bulgaria. We found that in the polluted biotopes in individuals of both morphs of P. ridibundus the blood parameters: erythrocyte (RBC) and leukocyte (WBS) count, haemoglobin concentration (Hb), haematocrit (PCV) were statistically reliably higher, the number of lymphocytes (Ly) decreased, and the parameters: mean cell haemoglobin (MCH), mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean cell volume (MCV) and differential blood formula changed considerably in comparison with the control group. In terms of anthropogenic pollution, the average values of RBC and Hb were higher in P. ridibundus of striata morph.
The current research examines some of the basic morphological hematological indicators (erythrocyte count, leukocyte count, hemoglobin, differential blood formula) in adult, fertile species within a population of the marsh frog Pelophylax ridibundus, inhabiting two heavily polluted rivers in Bulgaria. One of the two rivers is Sazliika River, which is polluted with nitrates, phosphates, biological oxygen demand in five days and insoluble substances, and the other one is Topolnica River, polluted with heavy metals. The paper explores the use of these indicators as biological markers for the quality of the environment in the two rivers. Statistically significant differences were found between the examined parameters in the two rivers and the control group. The living in toxic conditions resulted in a single type change in the blood toxicology (increased erythrocyte count and amount of hemoglobin). The changes in the differential blood formula differ considerably – the samples from Sazliika exhibit adaptive characteristics (neutrophilia, monocytosis and lymphopenia in general leukocytosis), whereas the samples from Topolnica showed lymphopenia accompanied with neutropenia and monocytosisin general leukocytosis. This is an evidence of the degenerative effects of toxicity.
abstract Zhelev, Zh. M., G. S. PoPGeorGiev and N. h. Mehterov, 2015. Changes in the hepatosomatic index and Condition Factor in the populations of Pelophylax ridibundus (Amphibia: ranidae) from anthropogenically polluted biotopes in southern Bulgaria. Part ii. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 21: 534–539 the values of the hepatosomatic indexes (hiS) and the condition factor (CF) in populations of Pelophylax ridibundus living in conditions of anthropogenic pollution in Southern Bulgaria were studied and analyzed. the studied populations inhabit three biotopes: a relatively clean (control) one and two contaminated ones (domestic sewage pollution and heavy metal pollution). it was established that in individuals of both sexes in conditions of contamination the relative weight of the liver increases. in contaminated biotopes the CF values are lower in individuals of both sexes in comparison with those of the control one.
TURKISH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY, 2021
The health status of Pelophylax ridibundus species living in anthropogenic pollution sources in Erzurum (Turkey) were investigated. Firstly, heavy metal concentrations in liver of the frog species, and in water and sediment samples taken from the habitats of the frogs were determined by instrumental analysis. Secondly, morphometric (fluctuating asymmetry-FA, hepatosomatic index-HSI) and erythrometric analyses were performed to reveal the health status of the frogs in the areas. Our study provides the first morphometric datas on the frog in Turkey. Although the metal concentrations in the water were high, it was determined that they did not exceed the limit values. However, Cr, Ni, Zn, and As metal concentrations in the sediment were determined to be above the acceptable level. It was also found that some metals accumulated in the livers of the frog due to heavy metal pollution. On the other hand, the FA, HSI values and the erythrocytic nuclear abnormality frequency increased in the frogs living in polluted stations. Moreover, erythrocyte size decreased and nucleated erythrocyte, mitotic erythrocyte, pycnotic erythrocyte, and immature erythrocyte frequencies increased. It was found that there was a correlation between the presence of pollution and the health status of the frogs, and the frog populations were affected negatively by anthropogenic pollution.
This work presents data on the occurrence of colour polymorphism, sex ratio and age structure (among adult individuals actually involved in the breeding process) in populations of two tailless amphibian species – Pelophylax ridibundus and Pseudepidalea viridis inhabiting anthropogenically polluted biotopes in Southern Bulgaria. The habitats are adjacent to the reservoirs " Rozov Kladenets " (pollution of household waste origin: nitrite nitrogen, suspended solids and of industrial origin: coal dust, sulfates) and " Topolnitsa " (heavy metal pollution). It was established for both biotopes with P. ridibundus populations that the individuals with the striata morph predominate in both sexes. In P. viridis populations, in the two sexes, individuals with morphs A and C predominate. In the biotope contaminated with heavy metals (the " Topolnitsa " reservoir) the female individuals predominate in both tailless amphibian populations. In both biotopes the main part of the breeding marsh frogs are of the middle age group (2+). While in the " Rozov Kladenets " reservoir the males predominate in this age group, in the " Topolnitsa " reservoir predominate the females. In animals of the senior age groups in both biotopes predominate the females (mainly of the 3+age group). In P. viridis populations in both biotopes among the breeding animals (in both sexes) predominate individuals from the 2+ and 3+ age groups. In both amphibians, animals of the age groups 4 + and 5 + are very rare (females). It was found that under bad living conditions in ponds used for reproduction, the populations of both tailless amphibians grow better in the area of the " Rozov Kladenets " reservoir.
The purpose of this research work is to present data that show the seasonal changes (spring–summer– autumn) of basic erythrocyte-metric parameters (ЕL: Erythrocyte length, ЕW: Erythrocyte width, ЕL/ ЕW, ES: Erythrocyte size; NL: Nucleus length, NW: Nucleus width, NL/NW; NS: Nucleus size, NS/ES: Nucleus-cytoplasmic ratio) in Pelophylax ridibundus populations from three biotopes located on two rivers in Southern Bulgaria (less disrupted biotope, with domestic sewage pollution and heavy metal pollution). Differences of high statistical significance were found among the different populations. Within the population living in conditions of domestic sewage pollution, for the entire period of the investigation the erythrocytes and their nuclei had an elliptical shape (a slight elongation of ellipses in autumn) and the biggest sizes (EL, EW, ES, NL and NS were constantly higher than the less disrupted biotope), NS/ES, became significantly smaller in autumn. Throughout the period of investigation, the values of all nine cellular and nuclear parameters were statistically-significantly the lowest in the population from the biotope with heavy metal pollution. The parameters: EL, ЕW, NL, NW and ES became significantly lower, progressively and statistically, during seasonal transitions. Cells and nuclei grew ovular in shape in comparison to the populations from the other two biotopes (this process was most pronounced in autumn) and NS/ES numbers were significantly decreased in summer and autumn.
LEAD INDUCED HAEMATOLOGICAL LEISIONS IN ANABAS TESTUDINEUS (BLOCH, 1792)
Environmental pollution and its abatement acquired still more importance as human population and the anthropogenic activities affects ecosystem in an irrecoverable manner. Heavy metal pollution is one among chronic pollutant released to environment which will get through biomagnification and bioaccumulation causing great challenge at cellular, tissue and organism level to the biota. Bioassay of heavy metal, lead using Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792) was undertaken to assess the haematological changes due to lead exposure at its LC 50 range, after determining the LC 50 values. Control and different concentrations of lead nitrate were prepared and LC 50 at 96 hours were determined for Anabas testudineus. Haematological parameters such as haemoglobin (Hb), total erythrocyte count (TEC), haematocrit (Ht) and erythrocyte constants like mean cell volume (MCV), mean cell haemoglobin (MCH) and mean cell haemoglobin concentrations (MCHC) were estimated and compared with control fishes using Student's t test. Significant (P < 0.01) changes were observed for all parameters in which Ht, MCV and MCH values were increased and all other haematological parameters reduced at LC 50 concentration. Heavy metal, lead has severe toxic effect on haematological parameters of higher organisms especially fishes.