Bone mineral loss related to menstrual history (original) (raw)
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Rates of bone loss in normal women: evidence of accelerated trabecular bone loss after the menopause
European Journal of Clinical Investigation, 1988
We have followed the changes in bone mass over 2 years in 42 premenopausal, seven perimenopausal and 76 postmenopausal women. The latter had passed a natural menopause between 6 months and 7 years previously. Bone mass was measured every 3 months at the proximal and distal forearm sites by single photon absorptiometry, and every 6 and 12 months in the lumbar spine and whole body by dual photon absorptiometry. The relative content of trabecular bone is approximately 15, 50, 60 and 20% at these four sites. Before the menopause there was a significantly low rate of bone loss from the two forearm sites and the whole body, whereas the spinal loss was insignificant. The rate of loss was five-to tenfold higher at all sites after the menopause (P< 0.001).
Bone mineral content in women: Trends of change
Osteoporosis International, 1992
Altogether 426 women had their forearm bone mineral content (BMC) measured with single photon absorptiometry (SPA): one group in the early t970s, another about 18 years later. Both groups represented purportedly healthy subjects. A third group of 328 women, measured at the same time as the second group, was from the same population but chosen by random selection (the population-based group). In the two sets of non-population-based women there was a small percentage reduction in the cortical forearm bone mass in the recent measurement as compared with the earlier measurement. This was significant only in women below 70 years of age. The forearm BMC, both cortical and trabecular, was less in all age groups of women randomly selected from the same population as the healthy control sample. This difference emphasizes the importance of selecting normative data from a population-based sample.
The Correlation Between Mineral Levels and Bone Loss Risk in Postmenopausal Women
Advances in Health Sciences Research, 2021
Background: Calcium and phosphate are two minerals that are important for bone formation. Osteoblasts indirectly regulate osteoclast resorption activity under the influence of estrogen. Estrogen itself produces growth factors and contributes to bone formation so that bone mineral density decreases with an increase in menopause. Objective: This study aimed to know correlation between mineral levels and bone loss risk in postmenopausal women. Methods: This research was a case control study. Samples size were 34 postmenopausal women. Data was analyzed by chi-square to see the correlation mineral levels to bone loss and the strength of the association between factor and outcome was determined as an odds ratio (OR). Results: There is correlation between mineral levels with Bone Loss in postmenopouse woman with p value 0.018 and have possibility (OR=12.000; CI 95%= 1.623-88.702). The odds ratio show that the risk to bone loss in low mineral subjects was 12 times compared with normal mineral subjects. Conclusion: Need to provide additional calcium for postmenopausal women to increase mineral levels so that they avoid bone loss.
Influence of duration of menopause on bone turnover markers in post-menopausal women
Biomedicine
Introduction and Aim: Osteoporosis is common among women following 10 years of cessation of menstruation, due to bone loss accelerated by menopause. The study was done to evaluate the effect of duration of menopause on bone turnover markers (BTMs). Materials and Methods: The study involved 100 postmenopausal women; 50 osteoporotic and 50 non-osteoporotic. Comparison and correlation of serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), serum osteocalcin (sOC) and urinary hydroxyproline (uHP) were done based on duration of menopause. Comparison of biochemical parameters was done using Independent t-test and ANOVA test for two groups and more than two groups respectively. Correlation was done using Pearson’s correlation test. Statistical significance was considered at p<0.05. Results: The sOC significantly declined and uHP levels increased between quartiles of duration of menopause among study participants. (p<0.001). However, in those without fractures, sOC and uHP were ...
Archives of Medical Science, 2020
Introduction: In this study, the hypothesis that bone mineral density (BMD) of peri-, pre-and postmenopausal women is associated with the current level of habitual physical activity, as well as past physical activity, at the age of building peak bone mass, was tested. Material and methods: The study involved 500 Polish women aged 40 to 70. For the assessment of BMD and bone mineral content (BMC) the densitometry method (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, DXA) of the forearm bone was used. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to assess the present level of physical activity. The assessment of past physical activity was related to adolescence. Results: There was a significant, strong influence on the norm BMD in the distal forearm sections values in the distal forearm sections of such variables as: older age of the first menstruation (OR = 1.37; p = 0.002), sufficient present physical activity (OR = 1.57; p = 0.001), and particularly high past physical activity (OR = 6.77; p = 0.003). Significantly lower chances for the norm BMD dis were found in women with the oldest hormonal status (OR = 0.09; p < 0.001). In the proximal segment, the analogous conditions of the norm BMD, and in addition the chances for good mineralization, were increased by higher body mass index (OR = 1.11; p < 0.001). Sufficient present activity increased the chances of good forearm mineralization in the proximal part more than four times (OR = 4.2; p < 0.001), and a high level of past physical activity increased these chances several dozen times (OR = 69.9; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Physical activity proved to be one of the most important factors determining the statistically significant correct mineralization of bone tissue of women.
Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 1998
We studied factors related to bone mass after a natural or surgical menopause in 73 healthy women attending the menopause clinic of a university hospital. In the natural menopause group we found inverse correlations between bone mineral density (BMD) vs. menopausal duration; BMD vs. body mass index (BMI) and BMI vs. inorganic phosphate (Pi), borderline correlations between weight vs. thyroxin (T4) and weight vs. luteinising hormone (LH) and a positive correlation between androstenedione (D4A) vs. urinary calcium (Uca). In the surgical menopause group we found some negative correlations (BMD vs. menopausal duration, BMI vs. Pi; BMI vs. dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DS), weight vs. DS and cortisol vs. Uca) and some positive correlations (BMD vs. free testosterone (fT), BMD vs. calcium (Ca), and BMD vs. Uca). We concluded that the serum hormone levels we measured were not useful markers of current bone mineral status.
Influence of pattern of menopausal transition on the amount of trabecular bone loss
Maturitas, 2006
Introduction: Bone density is lower in postmenopausal than in premenopausal women. Recent findings have suggested that accelerated bone loss already begins before menopause. Despite numerous cross-sectional studies on menopause-related bone density, longitudinal data on perimenopausal bone density changes are scarce. This study sought to characterize the dynamics of changes leading to postmenopausal osteopenia and to possibly find the time point at which accelarated bone loss begins. Methods: We prospectively followed 34 pre-, peri-and early postmenopausal women without prior external hormone use, measuring their lumbar spine trabecular bone density with quantitative computer tomography at 0, 2 and 6 years. The analysis of the changes over time was done in a tri-parted fashion, since menopausal status changed variably for individual subjects: we grouped the participants according to their currently valid menopausal classification for prospective (baseline classification), interim (2 years) and retrospective (6-year classification) analysis. Results: Six different patterns of menopausal transition were identified in our sample. Bone loss in the groups not reaching postmenopause during 6 years of observation was >50% of the maximum bone loss observed during the study period.
Long term effects of reproductive history on bone mineral content in women
1988
Bone loss among the elderly Is of Increasing concern to the medical community. In a study combining retrospective data on 438 women from southern Arizona and current bone minerai values determined at the one-third distal radius, the effects of premenopausal reproductive events on postmenopausal bone minerai are Investigated. Among those women who reach menarche at an early age are some whose growth Is not accompanied by normal height and long bone growth.