NATIONAL STRATEGIES FOR OER AND MOOCS FROM 2010 TO 2020 (original) (raw)

A global agenda published in September 2015 by UNESCO gives education planners and practitioners a roadmap for the next 15 years (Education 2030 Incheon Declaration and Framework for Action). The main goal of the agenda is recognized as " ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all " (p. 5). The Member States develop policies and programs for the provision of quality open and distance education with sustainable financial and legal framework, and use of technology, including the Internet, open educational resources (OER), massive open online courses (MOOCs) and other modalities to improve access in order to reach this important goal by 2030. Institutions, especially universities, have realized the full potential of OER and MOOCs and have started to develop their own policies with regard to teaching, learning, and research resources in the public domain. For example, educational institutions try to understand how to employ an innovative approach which goes beyond teacher-centred knowledge transfer, promotes sharing and re-use of OER and probes current knowledge of open educational practices, establish reward mechanisms, supportive measures for developing and sharing OER and MOOCs experiences, clarify copyright and define licensing schemes. The purpose of this study is to look at how national strategies on OER and MOOCs in leading countries such as Canada, Japan, South Korea, Turkey, the UK, and the USA. Therefore, special concerns and priorities in these countries, and emerging general awareness in terms of affordable and quality open and distance learning and training will also be addressed.